How did the United States change between Oct 15, 2016 and Oct 15, 2026?
Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.
$ civicdiff 2016-10-15..2026-10-15 # 10 years
jsonLaws enacted
+1,628188 notable
Executive orders
+692signed
Final rules
+31,3412,949 significant
Supreme Court
4 of 9seats changed hands
Agencies
+13 −13departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$20.6T$19.7T → $40.3T
The presidency passed from Barack Hussein Obama to Donald J. Trump across 3 transitions. Congress enacted 1,628 public laws. 45 senators and 282 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 4 new justices joined the Supreme Court. Inflation-adjusted federal spending changed +37% (FY2017 → FY2025).
Executive
executive/presidentThe presidencyBarack Hussein Obama D
44th president
2 presidents in between
Donald J. Trump R
took office Jan 20, 2017
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. D
took office Jan 20, 2021
Donald J. Trump R
47th president · took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidencyJ.D. Vance R
took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials+30−32Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of the Treasury · 3 people took this office in between
Jack Lew D
Secretary of Defense · 5 people took this office in between
Attorney General · 5 people took this office in between
Postmaster General · 2 people took this office in between
Secretary of the Navy · 7 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Show 19 more cabinet offices
Secretary of the Interior · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of Agriculture · 5 people took this office in between
Secretary of Commerce · 3 people took this office in between
Secretary of Labor · 6 people took this office in between
Secretary of Health and Human Services · 5 people took this office in between
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development · 3 people took this office in between
Secretary of Transportation · 3 people took this office in between
Secretary of Energy · 6 people took this office in between
Secretary of Education · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of Veterans Affairs · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of Homeland Security · 5 people took this office in between
White House Chief of Staff · 6 people took this office in between
Director of the Office of Management and Budget · 4 people took this office in between
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency · 4 people took this office in between
Ambassador to the United Nations · 7 people took this office in between
Director of National Intelligence · 7 people took this office in between
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency · 5 people took this office in between
Administrator of the Small Business Administration · 5 people took this office in between
U.S. Trade Representative · 3 people took this office in between
Other senior officials (7 changed)
Postmaster General · 2 people took this office in between
Secretary of the Navy · 7 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Chair of the Federal Reserve · 2 people took this office in between
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff · 4 people took this office in between
Director of the FBI · 2 people took this office in between
National Security Advisor · 7 people took this office in between
Marco Rubio R (acting)
Solicitor General · 3 people took this office in between
Ian Heath Gershengorn (acting)
executive/ordersExecutive orders692 executive orders signed · Barack Obama 20 · Donald Trump 510 · Joseph R. Biden Jr. 162
722 → 1,214 orders (issued since 1994) in force · 200 revoked in this window
EO 13756 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 27, 2016 · Barack Obama · revoked by EO 13819
EO 13764 Amending the Civil Service Rules, Executive Order 13488, and Executive Order 13467 To Modernize the Executive Branch-Wide Governance Structure and Processes for Security Clearances, Suitability and Fitness for Employment, and Credentialing, and Related Matters
Jan 17, 2017 · Barack Obama
EO 13780 Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States
Mar 6, 2017 · Donald Trump
EO 13819 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 22, 2017 · Donald Trump
EO 13825 2018 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
Mar 1, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13846 Reimposing Certain Sanctions With Respect to Iran
Aug 6, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13856 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 28, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13866 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Mar 28, 2019 · Donald Trump
Show 6 more
EO 13901 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 26, 2019 · Donald Trump
EO 13913 Establishing the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign Participation in the United States Telecommunications Services Sector
Apr 4, 2020 · Donald Trump
EO 13951 An America-First Healthcare Plan
Sep 24, 2020 · Donald Trump
EO 13970 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 31, 2020 · Donald Trump
EO 14008 Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad
Jan 27, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
EO 14028 Improving the Nation's Cybersecurity
May 12, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
executive/nominationsSenate confirmations+3,202Congress.gov ↗
5,056 civilian nominations received · 3,202 confirmed · 270 withdrawn · 1,675 returned to the President
John F. Kelly, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Jan 20, 2017 · 88–11
James Mattis, of Washington, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 20, 2017 · 98–1
Mike Pompeo, of Kansas, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice John Owen Brennan.
confirmed Jan 23, 2017 · 66–32
Elaine L. Chao, of Kentucky, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 31, 2017 · 93–6
Rex W. Tillerson, of Texas, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Feb 1, 2017 · 55–43
Jeff Sessions, of Alabama, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 8, 2017 · 52–47
Thomas Price, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Feb 10, 2017 · 52–47
David J. Shulkin, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 13, 2017 · 100–0
Steven T. Mnuchin, of California, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Feb 13, 2017 · 53–47
Show 81 more top confirmations
Scott Pruitt, of Oklahoma, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Feb 17, 2017 · 52–46
Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., of Florida, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 27, 2017 · 72–27
Ryan Zinke, of Montana, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Mar 1, 2017 · 68–31
Benjamin S. Carson, Sr., of Florida, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Mar 2, 2017 · 58–41
James Richard Perry, of Texas, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Mar 2, 2017 · 62–37
Daniel Coats, of Indiana, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice James R. Clapper, Jr.
confirmed Mar 15, 2017 · 85–12
Sonny Perdue, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Apr 24, 2017 · 87–11
R. Alexander Acosta, of Florida, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Apr 27, 2017 · 60–38
Kirstjen Nielsen, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice John F. Kelly, resigned.
confirmed Dec 5, 2017 · 62–37
Alex Michael Azar II, of Indiana, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Thomas Price, resigned.
confirmed Jan 24, 2018 · 55–43
Mike Pompeo, of Kansas, to be Secretary of State, vice Rex W. Tillerson.
confirmed Apr 26, 2018 · 57–42
Gina Haspel, of Kentucky, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice Mike Pompeo.
confirmed May 17, 2018 · 54–45
Robert L. Wilkie, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice David J. Shulkin.
confirmed Jul 23, 2018 · 86–9
William Pelham Barr, of Virginia, to be Attorney General, vice Jeff Sessions, resigned.
confirmed Feb 14, 2019 · 54–45
Andrew Wheeler, of Virginia, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Scott Pruitt.
confirmed Feb 28, 2019 · 52–47
David Bernhardt, of Virginia, to be Secretary of the Interior, vice Ryan Zinke.
confirmed Apr 11, 2019 · 56–41
Mark T. Esper, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Defense, vice James Mattis, resigned.
confirmed Jul 23, 2019 · 90–8
Eugene Scalia, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Labor, vice R. Alexander Acosta, resigned.
confirmed Sep 26, 2019 · 53–44
Dan R. Brouillette, of Texas, to be Secretary of Energy, vice James Richard Perry, resigning.
confirmed Dec 2, 2019 · 70–15
Jovita Carranza, of Illinois, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Linda E. McMahon.
confirmed Jan 7, 2020 · 88–5
John L. Ratcliffe, of Texas, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Daniel Coats, resigned.
confirmed May 21, 2020 · 49–44
Russell Vought, of Virginia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Mick Mulvaney.
confirmed Jul 20, 2020 · 51–45
Avril Danica Haines, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence.
confirmed Jan 20, 2021 · 84–10
Lloyd James Austin, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 22, 2021 · 93–2
Janet Louise Yellen, of California, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 25, 2021 · 84–15
Antony John Blinken, of New York, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 26, 2021 · 78–22
Peter Paul Montgomery Buttigieg, of Indiana, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Feb 2, 2021 · 86–13
Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Feb 2, 2021 · 56–43
Denis Richard McDonough, of Maryland, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 8, 2021 · 87–7
Thomas J. Vilsack, of Iowa, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 23, 2021 · 92–7
Jennifer Mulhern Granholm, of Michigan, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Feb 25, 2021 · 64–35
Miguel A. Cardona, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 1, 2021 · 64–33
Gina Marie Raimondo, of Rhode Island, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Mar 2, 2021 · 84–15
Merrick Brian Garland, of Maryland, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Mar 10, 2021 · 70–30
Marcia Louise Fudge, of Ohio, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Mar 10, 2021 · 66–34
Debra Anne Haaland, of New Mexico, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Mar 15, 2021 · 51–40
Isabella Casillas Guzman, of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration.
confirmed Mar 16, 2021 · 81–17
Xavier Becerra, of California, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Mar 18, 2021 · 50–49
Martin Joseph Walsh, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Mar 22, 2021 · 68–29
Shalanda D. Young, of Louisiana, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Russell Vought.
confirmed Mar 15, 2022 · 61–36
Marco Rubio, of Florida, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 20, 2025 · 99–0
John Ratcliffe, of Texas, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
confirmed Jan 23, 2025 · 74–25
Peter Hegseth, of Tennessee, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 24, 2025 · 51–50
Kristi Noem, of South Dakota, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Jan 25, 2025 · 59–34
Scott Bessent, of South Carolina, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 27, 2025 · 68–29
Sean Duffy, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 28, 2025 · 77–22
Lee Zeldin, of New York, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Jan 29, 2025 · 56–42
Douglas Burgum, of North Dakota, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 30, 2025 · 80–17
Christopher Wright, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Feb 3, 2025 · 59–38
Pamela Bondi, of Florida, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 4, 2025 · 54–46
Douglas Collins, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 4, 2025 · 77–23
Eric Turner, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Feb 5, 2025 · 55–44
Tulsi Gabbard, of Hawaii, to be Director of National Intelligence.
confirmed Feb 12, 2025 · 52–48
Brooke Rollins, of Texas, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 72–28
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., of California, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 52–48
Howard Lutnick, of New York, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 18, 2025 · 51–45
Kelly Loeffler, of Georgia, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration.
confirmed Feb 19, 2025 · 52–46
Linda McMahon, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 3, 2025 · 51–45
Lori Chavez-DeRemer, of Oregon, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Mar 10, 2025 · 67–32
Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem.
confirmed Mar 23, 2026 · 54–45
Walter Clayton, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Tulsi Gabbard.
confirmed Jul 28, 2026 · 51–47
Todd Blanche, of Florida, to be Attorney General, vice Pamela Bondi.
confirmed Aug 8, 2026 · 50–49
Keith Sonderling, of Florida, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Lori Chavez-DeRemer, resigned.
confirmed Sep 30, 2026 · 47–41
Civilian nominations only (military promotions excluded). Top confirmations are cabinet-level posts, Supreme Court justices, and the Fed chair.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies+13−13Wikidata ↗
425 → 425 tracked organizations · 16 → 16 executive departments
National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service
established Sep 19, 2017
United States International Development Finance Corporation
established Dec 20, 2019 · an executive agency of the US federal government responsible for providing foreign aid
Office of the National Cyber Director
established Jan 1, 2021 · US government agency on cybersecurity
Department of Homeland Security Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans
established Dec 23, 2016 · office of the United States Department of Homeland Security
NOAA National Weather Service Pacific Region
established Jan 1, 2017 · administers the programs and facilities of the NWS throughout a large expanse of the Pacific
National Vetting Center
established Jan 1, 2018 · United States government agency
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
established Nov 16, 2018 · agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security
Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office
established Dec 21, 2018
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities
established Oct 11, 2021 · government agency housed in the United States Department of Education
Disinformation Governance Board
established Jan 1, 2022 · board of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Show 16 more
Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health
established Mar 15, 2022 · United States federal agency established in 2022
Office of Long COVID Research and Practice
established Jan 1, 2023
U.S. Wildland Fire Service
established Jan 1, 2026 · United States government agency
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
abolished Dec 20, 2019 · government agency of the United States of America · replaced by United States International Development Finance Corporation
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
abolished Sep 17, 2020
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
abolished Sep 30, 2017 · organization
National Background Investigations Bureau
abolished Jan 1, 2019 · succesor Agency to the Federal Investigative Services Division · replaced by Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency
Development Credit Authority
abolished Dec 20, 2019 · replaced by United States International Development Finance Corporation
Disinformation Governance Board
abolished Aug 24, 2022 · board of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Global Engagement Center
abolished Dec 24, 2024 · U.S. federal government agency
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Hispanics
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · initiative housed in the United States Department of Education
White House Initiative on Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · United States governmental office
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · White House initiative housed in the United States Department of Education
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · government agency housed in the United States Department of Education
Office of Educational Technology
abolished Mar 20, 2025 · office within United States Department of Education
NOAA Environmental Modeling Center
abolished Jan 1, 2026 · United States weather agency · replaced by NOAA Office of Modeling and Development
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations+31,341Federal Register API ↗
31,341 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Oct 15, 2016
2,949 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
19,656 proposed rules · 222,424 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.
Military
military/conflictsArmed conflictsU.S. in 6 armed conflicts → 7
War against al-Qaida
ended Dec 4, 2017 · U.S. a principal party · against al-Qaida
War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
ended Aug 30, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against the Taliban
Afghanistan: Islamic State
ended Aug 30, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Libya: Islamic State
ended Sep 29, 2019 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Iran–Israel conflict
began 2020 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Israel
Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen)
began Feb 3, 2024 · U.S. a principal party · against Ansarallah (the Houthis)
Syria: Islamic State
began 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Nigeria: Islamic State
began 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: Islamic State
began Feb 1, 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
5 conflicts began and ended in between
Niger: Islamic State
2017 – 2022 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Kenya: al-Shabaab
2019 – 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
Somalia: Islamic State
Jun 4, 2019 – Dec 19, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
War against al-Qaida
Jul 31, 2019 – Sep 7, 2019 · U.S. a principal party · against al-Qaida
Niger: JNIM
Dec 9, 2021 – 2022 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against JNIM
2 conflicts active on both dates
Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
since Aug 8, 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: al-Shabaab
since 2015 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded. UCDP data runs through 2025, so "active" on later dates means active at the end of 2025.
Legislative
legislative/controlControl of Congress114
115
116
117
118
119
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
114th Congress → 119th Congress · 5 new Congresses elected
4 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority on both dates
246 R · 186 D → 219 R · 214 D
Senate: Republican majority on both dates
54 R · 46 D → 53 R · 47 D
legislative/senateSenate+45−45congress-legislators ↗
45 new members · 45 departed · 55 served on both dates · women 20 → 27 · median age 63 → 66
17 seats changed party
Cory Gardner R
Colorado
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado
David Perdue R
Georgia
Jon Ossoff D
Georgia
Mark Kirk R
Illinois
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois
Kelly Ayotte R
New Hampshire
Margaret Wood Hassan D
New Hampshire
Show 13 more seat flips
John McCain R
Arizona
Mark Kelly D
Arizona
Johnny Isakson R
Georgia
Raphael G. Warnock D
Georgia
Patrick J. Toomey R
Pennsylvania
John Fetterman D
Pennsylvania
Heidi Heitkamp D
North Dakota
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota
Jeff Flake R
Arizona
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana
Jim Banks R
Indiana
Dean Heller R
Nevada
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada
Bill Nelson D
Florida
Rick Scott R
Florida
Claire McCaskill D
Missouri
Josh Hawley R
Missouri
Jon Tester D
Montana
Tim Sheehy R
Montana
Sherrod Brown D
Ohio
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio
Robert P. Casey, Jr. D
Pennsylvania
David McCormick R
Pennsylvania
Joe Manchin, III D
West Virginia
James C. Justice R
West Virginia
Who joined and who left (45 in · 45 out)
Tommy Tuberville R
Alabama
Katie Boyd Britt R
Alabama
Mark Kelly D
Arizona
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona
Alex Padilla D
California
Adam B. Schiff D
California
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado
Lisa Blunt Rochester D
Delaware
Rick Scott R
Florida
Ashley Moody R
Florida
Jon Ossoff D
Georgia
Raphael G. Warnock D
Georgia
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois
Todd Young R
Indiana
Jim Banks R
Indiana
Roger Marshall R
Kansas
John Kennedy R
Louisiana
Chris Van Hollen D
Maryland
Angela D. Alsobrooks D
Maryland
Elissa Slotkin D
Michigan
Tina Smith D
Minnesota
Eric Schmitt R
Missouri
Josh Hawley R
Missouri
Cindy Hyde-Smith R
Mississippi
Tim Sheehy R
Montana
Ted Budd R
North Carolina
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota
Pete Ricketts R
Nebraska
Margaret Wood Hassan D
New Hampshire
Andy Kim D
New Jersey
Ben Ray Luján D
New Mexico
Catherine Cortez Masto D
Nevada
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio
Jon Husted R
Ohio
Alan Armstrong R
Oklahoma
John Fetterman D
Pennsylvania
David McCormick R
Pennsylvania
Darline Graham R
South Carolina
Bill Hagerty R
Tennessee
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee
John R. Curtis R
Utah
Peter Welch D
Vermont
James C. Justice R
West Virginia
Cynthia M. Lummis R
Wyoming
Richard C. Shelby R
Alabama
Jeff Sessions R
Alabama
John McCain R
Arizona
Jeff Flake R
Arizona
Barbara Boxer D
California
Dianne Feinstein D
California
Cory Gardner R
Colorado
Thomas R. Carper D
Delaware
Marco Rubio R
Florida
Bill Nelson D
Florida
Johnny Isakson R
Georgia
David Perdue R
Georgia
Mark Kirk R
Illinois
Daniel Coats R
Indiana
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana
Pat Roberts R
Kansas
David Vitter R
Louisiana
Barbara A. Mikulski D
Maryland
Benjamin L. Cardin D
Maryland
Debbie Stabenow D
Michigan
Al Franken D
Minnesota
Roy Blunt R
Missouri
Claire McCaskill D
Missouri
Thad Cochran R
Mississippi
Jon Tester D
Montana
Richard Burr R
North Carolina
Heidi Heitkamp D
North Dakota
Ben Sasse R
Nebraska
Kelly Ayotte R
New Hampshire
Robert Menendez D
New Jersey
Tom Udall D
New Mexico
Harry Reid D
Nevada
Dean Heller R
Nevada
Rob Portman R
Ohio
Sherrod Brown D
Ohio
James M. Inhofe R
Oklahoma
Patrick J. Toomey R
Pennsylvania
Robert P. Casey, Jr. D
Pennsylvania
Lindsey Graham R
South Carolina
Bob Corker R
Tennessee
Lamar Alexander R
Tennessee
Orrin G. Hatch R
Utah
Patrick J. Leahy D
Vermont
Joe Manchin, III D
West Virginia
Michael B. Enzi R
Wyoming
legislative/houseHouse+282−281congress-legislators ↗
282 new members · 281 departed · 151 served on both dates · women 84 → 125 · median age 59 → 59
32 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alabama 1 D · 6 R
Alabama 2 D · 5 R
Arizona 4 D · 5 R
Arizona 3 D · 6 R
California 39 D · 14 R
California 43 D · 9 R
Colorado 3 D · 4 R
Colorado 4 D · 4 R
Florida 10 D · 17 R
Florida 7 D · 20 R
Georgia 4 D · 10 R
Georgia 5 D · 9 R
Hawaii 1 D · 0 R
Hawaii 2 D · 0 R
Iowa 1 D · 3 R
Iowa 0 D · 4 R
Illinois 10 D · 8 R
Illinois 14 D · 3 R
Kansas 0 D · 4 R
Kansas 1 D · 3 R
Kentucky 1 D · 4 R
Kentucky 1 D · 5 R
Louisiana 1 D · 5 R
Louisiana 2 D · 4 R
Maine 1 D · 1 R
Maine 2 D · 0 R
Michigan 5 D · 9 R
Michigan 6 D · 7 R
Minnesota 5 D · 3 R
Minnesota 4 D · 4 R
Montana 0 D · 1 R
Montana 0 D · 2 R
North Carolina 3 D · 10 R
North Carolina 4 D · 10 R
Nebraska 1 D · 2 R
Nebraska 0 D · 3 R
New Hampshire 1 D · 1 R
New Hampshire 2 D · 0 R
New Jersey 6 D · 6 R
New Jersey 9 D · 3 R
New Mexico 2 D · 1 R
New Mexico 3 D · 0 R
Nevada 1 D · 3 R
Nevada 3 D · 1 R
New York 18 D · 9 R
New York 19 D · 7 R
Ohio 4 D · 12 R
Ohio 5 D · 10 R
Oregon 4 D · 1 R
Oregon 5 D · 1 R
Pennsylvania 4 D · 13 R
Pennsylvania 7 D · 10 R
Tennessee 2 D · 7 R
Tennessee 1 D · 8 R
Texas 11 D · 25 R
Texas 13 D · 24 R
Virginia 3 D · 8 R
Virginia 6 D · 5 R
Washington 6 D · 4 R
Washington 8 D · 2 R
Wisconsin 3 D · 5 R
Wisconsin 2 D · 6 R
West Virginia 0 D · 3 R
West Virginia 0 D · 2 R
Who joined and who left (282 in · 281 out)
Nicholas J. Begich III R
Alaska-AL
Barry Moore R
Alabama-1
Dale W. Strong R
Alabama-5
Shomari Figures D
Alabama-2
Andy Biggs R
Arizona-5
Greg Stanton D
Arizona-4
Elijah Crane R
Arizona-2
Juan Ciscomani R
Arizona-6
Yassamin Ansari D
Arizona-3
Abraham J. Hamadeh R
Arizona-8
Adelita S. Grijalva D
Arizona-7
Ro Khanna D
California-17
Jimmy Panetta D
California-19
Salud O. Carbajal D
California-24
Nanette Diaz Barragán D
California-44
J. Luis Correa D
California-46
Jimmy Gomez D
California-34
Josh Harder D
California-9
Mike Levin D
California-49
Jay Obernolte R
California-23
Young Kim R
California-40
Sara Jacobs D
California-51
Kevin Mullin D
California-15
Sydney Kamlager-Dove D
California-37
Robert Garcia D
California-42
Vince Fong R
California-20
Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. D
California-31
Lateefah Simon D
California-12
Adam Gray D
California-13
Sam T. Liccardo D
California-16
George Whitesides D
California-27
Luz M. Rivas D
California-29
Laura Friedman D
California-30
Derek Tran D
California-45
Dave Min D
California-47
Kevin Kiley I
California-3
James Gallagher R
California-1
Aisha Wahab D
California-14
Joe Neguse D
Colorado-2
Jason Crow D
Colorado-6
Lauren Boebert R
Colorado-4
Brittany Pettersen D
Colorado-7
Jeff Hurd R
Colorado-3
Jeff Crank R
Colorado-5
Gabe Evans R
Colorado-8
Jahana Hayes D
Connecticut-5
Sarah McBride D
Delaware-AL
Neal P. Dunn R
Florida-2
John H. Rutherford R
Florida-5
Darren Soto D
Florida-9
Brian J. Mast R
Florida-21
W. Gregory Steube R
Florida-17
Kat Cammack R
Florida-3
Scott Franklin R
Florida-18
Byron Donalds R
Florida-19
Carlos A. Gimenez R
Florida-28
Maria Elvira Salazar R
Florida-27
Aaron Bean R
Florida-4
Cory Mills R
Florida-7
Maxwell Frost D
Florida-10
Anna Paulina Luna R
Florida-13
Laurel M. Lee R
Florida-15
Jared Moskowitz D
Florida-23
Mike Haridopolos R
Florida-8
Jimmy Patronis R
Florida-1
Randy Fine R
Florida-6
Lucy McBath D
Georgia-6
Nikema Williams D
Georgia-5
Andrew S. Clyde R
Georgia-9
Richard McCormick R
Georgia-7
Mike Collins R
Georgia-10
Brian Jack R
Georgia-3
Clay Fuller R
Georgia-14
Everton Blair Jr. D
Georgia-13
Ed Case D
Hawaii-1
Jill N. Tokuda D
Hawaii-2
Ashley Hinson R
Iowa-2
Mariannette Miller-Meeks R
Iowa-1
Randy Feenstra R
Iowa-4
Zachary Nunn R
Iowa-3
Russ Fulcher R
Idaho-1
Bradley Scott Schneider D
Illinois-10
Raja Krishnamoorthi D
Illinois-8
Jesús G. "Chuy" García D
Illinois-4
Sean Casten D
Illinois-6
Lauren Underwood D
Illinois-14
Mary E. Miller R
Illinois-15
Jonathan L. Jackson D
Illinois-1
Delia C. Ramirez D
Illinois-3
Nikki Budzinski D
Illinois-13
Eric Sorensen D
Illinois-17
James R. Baird R
Indiana-4
Frank J. Mrvan D
Indiana-1
Victoria Spartz R
Indiana-5
Rudy Yakym III R
Indiana-2
Erin Houchin R
Indiana-9
Jefferson Shreve R
Indiana-6
Mark B. Messmer R
Indiana-8
Ron Estes R
Kansas-4
Sharice Davids D
Kansas-3
Tracey Mann R
Kansas-1
Derek Schmidt R
Kansas-2
James Comer R
Kentucky-1
Morgan McGarvey D
Kentucky-3
Clay Higgins R
Louisiana-3
Mike Johnson R
Louisiana-4
Julia Letlow R
Louisiana-5
Troy A. Carter D
Louisiana-2
Cleo Fields D
Louisiana-6
Lori Trahan D
Massachusetts-3
Ayanna Pressley D
Massachusetts-7
Jake Auchincloss D
Massachusetts-4
Jamie Raskin D
Maryland-8
Kweisi Mfume D
Maryland-7
Glenn Ivey D
Maryland-4
Johnny Olszewski, Jr. D
Maryland-2
Sarah Elfreth D
Maryland-3
April McClain Delaney D
Maryland-6
Jared F. Golden D
Maine-2
Jack Bergman R
Michigan-1
Haley M. Stevens D
Michigan-11
Rashida Tlaib D
Michigan-12
Lisa C. McClain R
Michigan-9
Hillary J. Scholten D
Michigan-3
John James R
Michigan-10
Shri Thanedar D
Michigan-13
Tom Barrett R
Michigan-7
Kristen McDonald Rivet D
Michigan-8
Angie Craig D
Minnesota-2
Ilhan Omar D
Minnesota-5
Pete Stauber R
Minnesota-8
Michelle Fischbach R
Minnesota-7
Brad Finstad R
Minnesota-1
Kelly Morrison D
Minnesota-3
Mark Alford R
Missouri-4
Eric Burlison R
Missouri-7
Wesley Bell D
Missouri-1
Robert F. Onder, Jr. R
Missouri-3
Michael Guest R
Mississippi-3
Mike Ezell R
Mississippi-4
Troy Downing R
Montana-2
Gregory F. Murphy R
North Carolina-3
Deborah K. Ross D
North Carolina-2
Donald G. Davis D
North Carolina-1
Valerie P. Foushee D
North Carolina-4
Chuck Edwards R
North Carolina-11
Addison P. McDowell R
North Carolina-6
Mark Harris R
North Carolina-8
Pat Harrigan R
North Carolina-10
Brad Knott R
North Carolina-13
Tim Moore R
North Carolina-14
Julie Fedorchak R
North Dakota-AL
Don Bacon R
Nebraska-2
Mike Flood R
Nebraska-1
Chris Pappas D
New Hampshire-1
Maggie Goodlander D
New Hampshire-2
Josh Gottheimer D
New Jersey-5
Jefferson Van Drew R
New Jersey-2
Thomas H. Kean, Jr. R
New Jersey-7
Robert Menendez D
New Jersey-8
LaMonica McIver D
New Jersey-10
Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. D
New Jersey-3
Nellie Pou D
New Jersey-9
Analilia Mejia D
New Jersey-11
Teresa Leger Fernandez D
New Mexico-3
Melanie A. Stansbury D
New Mexico-1
Gabe Vasquez D
New Mexico-2
Steven Horsford D
Nevada-4
Susie Lee D
Nevada-3
Adriano Espaillat D
New York-13
Joseph D. Morelle D
New York-25
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D
New York-14
Andrew R. Garbarino R
New York-2
Nicole Malliotakis R
New York-11
Ritchie Torres D
New York-15
Claudia Tenney R
New York-24
Patrick Ryan D
New York-18
Nick LaLota R
New York-1
Daniel S. Goldman D
New York-10
Michael Lawler R
New York-17
Nicholas A. Langworthy R
New York-23
Thomas R. Suozzi D
New York-3
Timothy M. Kennedy D
New York-26
Laura Gillen D
New York-4
George Latimer D
New York-16
Josh Riley D
New York-19
John W. Mannion D
New York-22
Troy Balderson R
Ohio-12
Shontel M. Brown D
Ohio-11
Mike Carey R
Ohio-15
Greg Landsman D
Ohio-1
Max L. Miller R
Ohio-7
Emilia Strong Sykes D
Ohio-13
Michael A. Rulli R
Ohio-6
David J. Taylor R
Ohio-2
Kevin Hern R
Oklahoma-1
Stephanie I. Bice R
Oklahoma-5
Josh Brecheen R
Oklahoma-2
Cliff Bentz R
Oregon-2
Val T. Hoyle D
Oregon-4
Andrea Salinas D
Oregon-6
Maxine Dexter D
Oregon-3
Janelle S. Bynum D
Oregon-5
Dwight Evans D
Pennsylvania-3
Brian K. Fitzpatrick R
Pennsylvania-1
Lloyd Smucker R
Pennsylvania-11
Mary Gay Scanlon D
Pennsylvania-5
Madeleine Dean D
Pennsylvania-4
Chrissy Houlahan D
Pennsylvania-6
Daniel Meuser R
Pennsylvania-9
John Joyce R
Pennsylvania-13
Guy Reschenthaler R
Pennsylvania-14
Summer L. Lee D
Pennsylvania-12
Christopher R. Deluzio D
Pennsylvania-17
Ryan Mackenzie R
Pennsylvania-7
Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. R
Pennsylvania-8
Seth Magaziner D
Rhode Island-2
Gabe Amo D
Rhode Island-1
Ralph Norman R
South Carolina-5
William R. Timmons IV R
South Carolina-4
Nancy Mace R
South Carolina-1
Russell Fry R
South Carolina-7
Sheri Biggs R
South Carolina-3
Dusty Johnson R
South Dakota-AL
David Kustoff R
Tennessee-8
Tim Burchett R
Tennessee-2
John W. Rose R
Tennessee-6
Diana Harshbarger R
Tennessee-1
Andrew Ogles R
Tennessee-5
Matt Van Epps R
Tennessee-7
Vicente Gonzalez D
Texas-34
Jodey C. Arrington R
Texas-19
Michael Cloud R
Texas-27
Dan Crenshaw R
Texas-2
Lance Gooden R
Texas-5
Lizzie Fletcher D
Texas-7
Veronica Escobar D
Texas-16
Chip Roy R
Texas-21
Sylvia R. Garcia D
Texas-29
Pat Fallon R
Texas-4
August Pfluger R
Texas-11
Ronny Jackson R
Texas-13
Troy E. Nehls R
Texas-22
Beth Van Duyne R
Texas-24
Jake Ellzey R
Texas-6
Nathaniel Moran R
Texas-1
Keith Self R
Texas-3
Morgan Luttrell R
Texas-8
Monica De La Cruz R
Texas-15
Jasmine Crockett D
Texas-30
Greg Casar D
Texas-35
Wesley Hunt R
Texas-38
Craig A. Goldman R
Texas-12
Brandon Gill R
Texas-26
Julie Johnson D
Texas-32
Christian D. Menefee D
Texas-18
Blake D. Moore R
Utah-1
Burgess Owens R
Utah-4
Celeste Maloy R
Utah-2
Mike Kennedy R
Utah-3
Ben Cline R
Virginia-6
Jennifer A. Kiggans R
Virginia-2
Jennifer L. McClellan D
Virginia-4
John J. McGuire III R
Virginia-5
Eugene Simon Vindman D
Virginia-7
Suhas Subramanyam D
Virginia-10
James R. Walkinshaw D
Virginia-11
Becca Balint D
Vermont-AL
Pramila Jayapal D
Washington-7
Kim Schrier D
Washington-8
Marilyn Strickland D
Washington-10
Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D
Washington-3
Michael Baumgartner R
Washington-5
Emily Randall D
Washington-6
Bryan Steil R
Wisconsin-1
Thomas P. Tiffany R
Wisconsin-7
Scott Fitzgerald R
Wisconsin-5
Derrick Van Orden R
Wisconsin-3
Tony Wied R
Wisconsin-8
Carol D. Miller R
West Virginia-1
Riley M. Moore R
West Virginia-2
Harriet M. Hageman R
Wyoming-AL
Don Young R
Alaska-AL
Martha Roby R
Alabama-2
Bradley Byrne R
Alabama-1
Mo Brooks R
Alabama-5
Matt Salmon R
Arizona-5
Trent Franks R
Arizona-8
Martha McSally R
Arizona-2
Ann Kirkpatrick D
Arizona-1
Kyrsten Sinema D
Arizona-9
Raúl M. Grijalva D
Arizona-3
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona-7
Janice Hahn D
California-44
Lois Capps D
California-24
Sam Farr D
California-20
Michael M. Honda D
California-17
Loretta Sanchez D
California-46
Xavier Becerra D
California-34
Jeff Denham R
California-10
Dana Rohrabacher R
California-48
Edward R. Royce R
California-39
Stephen Knight R
California-25
Mimi Walters R
California-45
Duncan Hunter R
California-50
Paul Cook R
California-8
Susan A. Davis D
California-53
Devin Nunes R
California-22
Karen Bass D
California-37
Jerry McNerney D
California-9
Lucille Roybal-Allard D
California-40
Jackie Speier D
California-14
Alan S. Lowenthal D
California-47
Kevin McCarthy R
California-23
Anna G. Eshoo D
California-18
Barbara Lee D
California-13
Grace F. Napolitano D
California-32
Tony Cárdenas D
California-29
Doug LaMalfa R
California-1
Eric Swalwell D
California-15
Adam B. Schiff D
California-28
Mike Coffman R
Colorado-6
Jared Polis D
Colorado-2
Scott R. Tipton R
Colorado-3
Ed Perlmutter D
Colorado-7
Ken Buck R
Colorado-4
Doug Lamborn R
Colorado-5
Elizabeth H. Esty D
Connecticut-5
John C. Carney Jr. D
Delaware-AL
Corrine Brown D
Florida-5
Ander Crenshaw R
Florida-4
John L. Mica R
Florida-7
Jeff Miller R
Florida-1
Richard B. Nugent R
Florida-11
Alan Grayson D
Florida-9
Patrick Murphy D
Florida-18
David W. Jolly R
Florida-13
Curt Clawson R
Florida-19
Gwen Graham D
Florida-2
Ron DeSantis R
Florida-6
Thomas J. Rooney R
Florida-17
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R
Florida-27
Dennis A. Ross R
Florida-15
Carlos Curbelo R
Florida-26
Ted S. Yoho R
Florida-3
Alcee L. Hastings D
Florida-20
Theodore E. Deutch D
Florida-21
Bill Posey R
Florida-8
Lynn A. Westmoreland R
Georgia-3
Tom Price R
Georgia-6
John Lewis D
Georgia-5
Tom Graves R
Georgia-14
Rob Woodall R
Georgia-7
Doug Collins R
Georgia-9
Jody B. Hice R
Georgia-10
David Scott D
Georgia-13
Tulsi Gabbard D
Hawaii-2
Rod Blum R
Iowa-1
David Young R
Iowa-3
Steve King R
Iowa-4
David Loebsack D
Iowa-2
Raúl R. Labrador R
Idaho-1
Robert J. Dold R
Illinois-10
Luis V. Gutiérrez D
Illinois-4
Randy Hultgren R
Illinois-14
Peter J. Roskam R
Illinois-6
Daniel Lipinski D
Illinois-3
John Shimkus R
Illinois-15
Adam Kinzinger R
Illinois-16
Bobby L. Rush D
Illinois-1
Rodney Davis R
Illinois-13
Cheri Bustos D
Illinois-17
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois-8
Todd Rokita R
Indiana-4
Luke Messer R
Indiana-6
Peter J. Visclosky D
Indiana-1
Susan W. Brooks R
Indiana-5
Jackie Walorski R
Indiana-2
Larry Bucshon R
Indiana-8
Todd Young R
Indiana-9
Tim Huelskamp R
Kansas-1
Mike Pompeo R
Kansas-4
Lynn Jenkins R
Kansas-2
Kevin Yoder R
Kansas-3
John A. Yarmuth D
Kentucky-3
Charles W. Boustany Jr. R
Louisiana-3
John Fleming R
Louisiana-4
Ralph Lee Abraham R
Louisiana-5
Cedric L. Richmond D
Louisiana-2
Garret Graves R
Louisiana-6
Michael E. Capuano D
Massachusetts-7
Niki Tsongas D
Massachusetts-3
Joseph P. Kennedy III D
Massachusetts-4
Donna F. Edwards D
Maryland-4
John K. Delaney D
Maryland-6
Elijah E. Cummings D
Maryland-7
C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger D
Maryland-2
John P. Sarbanes D
Maryland-3
Chris Van Hollen D
Maryland-8
Bruce Poliquin R
Maine-2
Candice S. Miller R
Michigan-10
Dan Benishek R
Michigan-1
John Conyers, Jr. D
Michigan-13
Sander M. Levin D
Michigan-9
Mike Bishop R
Michigan-8
David A. Trott R
Michigan-11
Justin Amash R
Michigan-3
Fred Upton R
Michigan-6
Brenda L. Lawrence D
Michigan-14
Daniel T. Kildee D
Michigan-5
John Kline R
Minnesota-2
Keith Ellison D
Minnesota-5
Erik Paulsen R
Minnesota-3
Timothy J. Walz D
Minnesota-1
Richard M. Nolan D
Minnesota-8
Collin C. Peterson D
Minnesota-7
Wm. Lacy Clay D
Missouri-1
Vicky Hartzler R
Missouri-4
Billy Long R
Missouri-7
Blaine Luetkemeyer R
Missouri-3
Gregg Harper R
Mississippi-3
Steven M. Palazzo R
Mississippi-4
Renee L. Ellmers R
North Carolina-2
Robert Pittenger R
North Carolina-9
Walter B. Jones R
North Carolina-3
Mark Meadows R
North Carolina-11
George Holding R
North Carolina-13
Mark Walker R
North Carolina-6
G. K. Butterfield D
North Carolina-1
David E. Price D
North Carolina-4
Patrick T. McHenry R
North Carolina-10
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota-AL
Brad Ashford D
Nebraska-2
Jeff Fortenberry R
Nebraska-1
Frank C. Guinta R
New Hampshire-1
Ann M. Kuster D
New Hampshire-2
Scott Garrett R
New Jersey-5
Rodney P. Frelinghuysen R
New Jersey-11
Leonard Lance R
New Jersey-7
Frank A. LoBiondo R
New Jersey-2
Thomas MacArthur R
New Jersey-3
Albio Sires D
New Jersey-8
Donald M. Payne, Jr. D
New Jersey-10
Bill Pascrell, Jr. D
New Jersey-9
Michelle Lujan Grisham D
New Mexico-1
Stevan Pearce R
New Mexico-2
Ben Ray Luján D
New Mexico-3
Joseph J. Heck R
Nevada-3
Cresent Hardy R
Nevada-4
Christopher P. Gibson R
New York-19
Richard L. Hanna R
New York-22
Steve Israel D
New York-3
Charles B. Rangel D
New York-13
Louise McIntosh Slaughter D
New York-25
Joseph Crowley D
New York-14
Chris Collins R
New York-27
Eliot L. Engel D
New York-16
Peter T. King R
New York-2
Nita M. Lowey D
New York-17
José E. Serrano D
New York-15
Tom Reed R
New York-23
Carolyn B. Maloney D
New York-12
Sean Patrick Maloney D
New York-18
Lee M. Zeldin R
New York-1
Kathleen M. Rice D
New York-4
John Katko R
New York-24
Brian Higgins D
New York-26
Daniel M. Donovan, Jr. R
New York-11
Patrick J. Tiberi R
Ohio-12
James B. Renacci R
Ohio-16
Marcia L. Fudge D
Ohio-11
Steve Stivers R
Ohio-15
Steve Chabot R
Ohio-1
Bob Gibbs R
Ohio-7
Tim Ryan D
Ohio-13
Bill Johnson R
Ohio-6
Brad R. Wenstrup R
Ohio-2
Jim Bridenstine R
Oklahoma-1
Steve Russell R
Oklahoma-5
Markwayne Mullin R
Oklahoma-2
Greg Walden R
Oregon-2
Peter A. DeFazio D
Oregon-4
Kurt Schrader D
Oregon-5
Earl Blumenauer D
Oregon-3
Michael G. Fitzpatrick R
Pennsylvania-8
Joseph R. Pitts R
Pennsylvania-16
Tim Murphy R
Pennsylvania-18
Patrick Meehan R
Pennsylvania-7
Charles W. Dent R
Pennsylvania-15
Lou Barletta R
Pennsylvania-11
Robert A. Brady D
Pennsylvania-1
Bill Shuster R
Pennsylvania-9
Keith J. Rothfus R
Pennsylvania-12
Ryan A. Costello R
Pennsylvania-6
Tom Marino R
Pennsylvania-10
Michael F. Doyle D
Pennsylvania-14
Matt Cartwright D
Pennsylvania-17
James R. Langevin D
Rhode Island-2
David N. Cicilline D
Rhode Island-1
Mick Mulvaney R
South Carolina-5
Trey Gowdy R
South Carolina-4
Mark Sanford R
South Carolina-1
Tom Rice R
South Carolina-7
Jeff Duncan R
South Carolina-3
Kristi L. Noem R
South Dakota-AL
Stephen Lee Fincher R
Tennessee-8
Diane Black R
Tennessee-6
John J. Duncan, Jr. R
Tennessee-2
David P. Roe R
Tennessee-1
Jim Cooper D
Tennessee-5
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee-7
Rubén Hinojosa D
Texas-15
Randy Neugebauer R
Texas-19
Blake Farenthold R
Texas-27
Joe Barton R
Texas-6
John Abney Culberson R
Texas-7
Gene Green D
Texas-29
Jeb Hensarling R
Texas-5
Sam Johnson R
Texas-3
Ted Poe R
Texas-2
Lamar Smith R
Texas-21
Beto O’Rourke D
Texas-16
John Ratcliffe R
Texas-4
K. Michael Conaway R
Texas-11
Bill Flores R
Texas-17
Kenny Marchant R
Texas-24
Pete Olson R
Texas-22
Mac Thornberry R
Texas-13
Will Hurd R
Texas-23
Filemon Vela D
Texas-34
Kevin Brady R
Texas-8
Louie Gohmert R
Texas-1
Eddie Bernice Johnson D
Texas-30
Sheila Jackson Lee D
Texas-18
Michael C. Burgess R
Texas-26
Kay Granger R
Texas-12
Jason Chaffetz R
Utah-3
Mia B. Love R
Utah-4
Rob Bishop R
Utah-1
Chris Stewart R
Utah-2
J. Randy Forbes R
Virginia-4
Robert Hurt R
Virginia-5
E. Scott Rigell R
Virginia-2
Bob Goodlatte R
Virginia-6
Dave Brat R
Virginia-7
Barbara Comstock R
Virginia-10
Gerald E. Connolly D
Virginia-11
Peter Welch D
Vermont-AL
Jim McDermott D
Washington-7
David G. Reichert R
Washington-8
Denny Heck D
Washington-10
Jaime Herrera Beutler R
Washington-3
Cathy McMorris Rodgers R
Washington-5
Derek Kilmer D
Washington-6
Reid J. Ribble R
Wisconsin-8
Paul D. Ryan R
Wisconsin-1
Sean P. Duffy R
Wisconsin-7
F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr. R
Wisconsin-5
Ron Kind D
Wisconsin-3
Evan H. Jenkins R
West Virginia-3
David B. McKinley R
West Virginia-1
Alexander X. Mooney R
West Virginia-2
Cynthia M. Lummis R
Wyoming-AL
legislative/lawsLaws enacted+1,628Congress.gov ↗
1,628 public laws enacted · 7 landmark · 181 notable · 1,019 routine · 421 ceremonial
CHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act landmark
Pub. L. 117-167 · Aug 9, 2022
National Forest System Trails Stewardship Act
Pub. L. 114-245 · Nov 28, 2016
Gold Star Families Voices Act
Pub. L. 114-246 · Nov 28, 2016
No Veterans Crisis Line Call Should Go Unanswered Act
Pub. L. 114-247 · Nov 28, 2016
Show 30 more notable laws
Outdoor Recreation Jobs and Economic Impact Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-249 · Dec 8, 2016
Veterans Mobility Safety Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-256 · Dec 14, 2016
District of Columbia Judicial Financial Transparency Act
Pub. L. 114-257 · Dec 14, 2016
Consumer Review Fairness Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-258 · Dec 14, 2016
GAO Civilian Task and Delivery Order Protest Authority Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-260 · Dec 14, 2016
Program Management Improvement Accountability Act
Pub. L. 114-264 · Dec 14, 2016
Northern Border Security Review Act
Pub. L. 114-267 · Dec 14, 2016
First Responder Anthrax Preparedness Act
Pub. L. 114-268 · Dec 14, 2016
Expanding Capacity for Health Outcomes Act
Pub. L. 114-270 · Dec 14, 2016
Charles Duncan Buried with Honor Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-273 · Dec 14, 2016
Better Online Tickets Sales Act
Pub. L. 114-274 · Dec 14, 2016
Prescribed Burn Approval Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-275 · Dec 14, 2016
Iran Sanctions Extension Act
Pub. L. 114-277 · Dec 15, 2016
Cross-Border Trade Enhancement Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-279 · Dec 16, 2016
Frank R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act
Pub. L. 114-281 · Dec 16, 2016
SEC Small Business Advocate Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-284 · Dec 16, 2016
Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers Reform and Improvement Act of 2015
Pub. L. 114-285 · Dec 16, 2016
Faster Care for Veterans Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-286 · Dec 16, 2016
Federal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-287 · Dec 16, 2016
United States-Caribbean Strategic Engagement Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-291 · Dec 16, 2016
Combat-Injured Veterans Tax Fairness Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-292 · Dec 16, 2016
Bottles and Breastfeeding Equipment Screening Act
Pub. L. 114-293 · Dec 16, 2016
Communities Helping Invest through Property and Improvements Needed for Veterans Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-294 · Dec 16, 2016
GAO Mandates Revision Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-301 · Dec 16, 2016
Federal Bureau of Investigation Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-302 · Dec 16, 2016
United States-Israel Advanced Research Partnership Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-304 · Dec 16, 2016
Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114-308 · Dec 16, 2016
Judicial
judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme CourtBench by appointing party: 4 R · 4 D → 6 R · 3 D
Anthony McLeod Kennedy R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1988
Ruth Bader Ginsburg D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1993
Stephen Gerald Breyer D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1994
Neil M. Gorsuch R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2017
Brett M. Kavanaugh R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2018
Amy Coney Barrett R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2020
Ketanji Brown Jackson D
appointed by Joseph R. Biden · 2022
5 justices served on both dates
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991
John Glover Roberts, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2005
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2006
Sonia Sotomayor D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2009
Elena Kagan D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2010
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courtsCourts of appeals (active judges): 91 D · 74 R · 1 N( → 92 R · 87 D
District courts (active judges): 354 D · 246 R → 373 D · 279 R
Donald J. Trump R appointed 293 judges
3 Supreme Court · 64 appeals · 222 district · 4 other
Joseph R. Biden D appointed 235 judges
1 Supreme Court · 45 appeals · 187 district · 2 other
2 circuits flipped majority
Third Circuit 7 D · 5 R (D majority)
Third Circuit 6 D · 8 R (R majority)
Eleventh Circuit 8 D · 2 R (D majority)
Eleventh Circuit 5 D · 7 R (R majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions604 argued decisions · 30 landmark
Sessions v. Morales-Santana
No. 15-1191 · Jun 12, 2017 · Decided 8–0 · Civil Rights · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Matal v. Tam
No. 15-1293 · Jun 19, 2017 · Decided 8–0 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Sessions v. Dimaya
No. 15-1498 · Apr 17, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
No. 16-476 · May 14, 2018 · Decided 7–2 · Federalism · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
South Dakota v. Wayfair
No. 17-494 · Jun 21, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Economic Activity · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Trump v. Hawaii
No. 17-965 · Jun 26, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Janus v. American Federation of State
No. 16-1466 · Jun 27, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Unions · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
No. 17-1299 · May 13, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Herrera v. Wyoming
No. 17-532 · May 20, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Knick v. Township of Scott
No. 17-647 · Jun 21, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Show 20 more
Iancu v. Brunetti
Jun 24, 2019 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Davis
Jun 24, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Haymond
Jun 26, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Rucho v. Common Cause
Jun 27, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Allen v. Cooper
Mar 23, 2020 · Decided 9–0 · Federalism · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Ramos v. Louisiana
Apr 20, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Bostock v. Clayton County
Jun 15, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded
Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Jun 29, 2020 · Decided 5–4 · Miscellaneous · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc.
Jul 6, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Edwards v. Vannoy
May 17, 2021 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Affirmed · Overruled precedent
United States v. Arthrex Inc.
Jun 21, 2021 · Decided 5–4 · Miscellaneous · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Collins v. Yellen
Jun 23, 2021 · Decided 7–2 · Miscellaneous · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Federal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate
May 16, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Shinn v. Ramirez
May 23, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Siegel v. Fitzgerald
Jun 6, 2022 · Decided 9–0 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
Jun 23, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Struck down state law
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
Jun 24, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Privacy · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District
Jun 27, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down local ordinance
West Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency
Jun 30, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded
Allen v. Milligan
Jun 8, 2023 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Affirmed
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.
Fiscal
fiscal/budgetThe federal budget+38% real spendingMonthly Treasury Statement ↗
Actual spending and revenue in the 12 months before each date · Sep 2016 → Aug 2026
Spending $3.85T
12 months ending Sep 2016
Spending $7.16T
12 months ending Aug 2026 · +86% nominal · +38% after inflation
Revenue $3.27T
12 months ending Sep 2016
Revenue $5.39T
12 months ending Aug 2026 · +65% nominal · +23% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$586B
12 months ending Sep 2016
Surplus / deficit −$1.77T
12 months ending Aug 2026 · −$1.18T
Spending by function, by fiscal year · real change
Annual budget tables only have final figures through fiscal year 2025, which can't show change over a short or recent span. This compares the latest 12 months of actual Treasury figures before each date instead. Spending in any 12 months mostly reflects budgets passed earlier.
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding+$20.6TTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$19.7T
as of Oct 14, 2016
$40.3T
as of Oct 13, 2026
Constitution & Union
constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood27 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.
Log
logEverything in between306 events
- lawNational Forest System Trails Stewardship Act
- lawGold Star Families Voices Act
- lawNo Veterans Crisis Line Call Should Go Unanswered Act
- lawOutdoor Recreation Jobs and Economic Impact Act of 2016
- lawFurther Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017, with: * SOAR Funding Availability Act, * Continued Health Benefits for Miners Act, * Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2017, and * Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017
- law21st Century Cures Act, with: * Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Reform Act of 2016, and * Increasing Choice, Access, and Quality in Health Care for Americans Act
- lawVeterans Mobility Safety Act of 2016
- lawDistrict of Columbia Judicial Financial Transparency Act
- lawConsumer Review Fairness Act of 2016
- lawGAO Civilian Task and Delivery Order Protest Authority Act of 2016
- lawProgram Management Improvement Accountability Act
- lawNorthern Border Security Review Act
- lawFirst Responder Anthrax Preparedness Act
- lawExpanding Capacity for Health Outcomes Act
- lawCharles Duncan Buried with Honor Act of 2016
- lawBetter Online Tickets Sales Act
- lawPrescribed Burn Approval Act of 2016
- lawIran Sanctions Extension Act
- lawCross-Border Trade Enhancement Act of 2016
- lawFrank R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act
- lawSEC Small Business Advocate Act of 2016
- lawFederal Law Enforcement Training Centers Reform and Improvement Act of 2015
- lawFaster Care for Veterans Act of 2016
- lawFederal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016
- lawNational Park Service Centennial Act, with: * National Park Foundation Endowment Act, and * National Historic Preservation Amendments Act
- lawUnited States-Caribbean Strategic Engagement Act of 2016
- lawCombat-Injured Veterans Tax Fairness Act of 2016
- lawBottles and Breastfeeding Equipment Screening Act
- lawCommunities Helping Invest through Property and Improvements Needed for Veterans Act of 2016
- lawGAO Mandates Revision Act of 2016
- lawFederal Bureau of Investigation Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2016
- lawUnited States-Israel Advanced Research Partnership Act of 2016
- lawHolocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016
- lawOvertime Pay for Protective Services Act of 2016
- lawJeff Miller and Richard Blumenthal Veterans Health Care and Benefits Improvement Act of 2016
- lawPromoting Travel, Commerce, and National Security Act of 2016
- lawInspector General Empowerment Act of 2016
- lawFederal Property Management Reform Act of 2016
- lawForeign Cultural Exchange Jurisdictional Immunity Clarification Act
- lawRESPONSE Act of 2016
- lawWater Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act, with: * Water Resources Development Act of 2016, * Water and Waste Act of 2016, * Pechanga Band of Luiseno Mission Indians Water Rights Settlement Act, and * Blackfeet Water Rights Settlement Act
- lawDepartment of State Authorities Act, Fiscal Year 2017
- lawJustice for All Reauthorization Act of 2016, with: * Effective Administration of Criminal Justice Act of 2016
- lawEmmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crimes Reauthorization Act of 2016
- lawNational Urban Search and Rescue Response System Act of 2016
- lawEnsuring Access to Pacific Fisheries Act, with: * Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Convention Amendments Act
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, with: * Administrative Leave Act of 2016, * Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, * Guam World War II Loyalty Recognition Act, * Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, * Pribilof Islands Transition Completion Amendments Act of 2016, and * Military Justice Act of 2016
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- war+Niger: Islamic State
- lawAmerican Innovation and Competitiveness Act, with: * Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Modernization Act of 2016, * Research and Development Efficiency Act, * International Science and Technology Cooperation Act of 2016, * Science Prize Competition Act, * Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Act, * Manufacturing Extension Partnership Improvement Act, and * United States Chief Technology Officer Act
- orderAmending the Civil Service Rules, Executive Order 13488, and Executive Order 13467 To Modernize the Executive Branch-Wide Governance Structure and Processes for Security Clearances, Suitability and Fitness for Employment, and Credentialing, and Related Matters
- presidentDonald J. Trump takes office
- lawGAO Access and Oversight Act of 2017
- lawPromoting Women in Entrepreneurship Act
- lawINSPIRE Women Act
- orderProtecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States
- lawVietnam War Veterans Recognition Act of 2017
- justiceNeil M. Gorsuch — Associate Justice
- lawWeather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2017
- rulingSessions v. Morales-Santana
- rulingMatal v. Tam
- lawCountering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
- lawFDA Reauthorization Act of 2017
- agency+National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service
- lawDr. Chris Kirkpatrick Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017
- lawStrengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017
- lawProtecting Patient Access to Emergency Medications Act of 2017
- lawVA Prescription Data Accountability Act 2017
- war−War against al-Qaida
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, including: * Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty Preservation Act of 2017 * Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 * Foreign Spill Protection Act of 2017 * Saving Federal Dollars Through Better Use of Government Purchase and Travel Cards Act of 2017
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawTax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
- lawBipartisan Budget Act of 2018, containing: * Further Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 * Advancing Chronic Care, Extenders, and Social Services (ACCESS) Act * Honoring Hometown Heroes Act * Social Impact Partnerships to Pay for Results Act
- lawContinuing Appropriations Amendments Act, 2018
- lawProtecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017
- order2018 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- lawTaiwan Travel Act
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2018
- lawAllow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017
- rulingSessions v. Dimaya
- lawJustice for Uncompensated Survivors Today (JUST) Act of 2017
- rulingMurphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
- lawEconomic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act
- lawTrickett Wendler, Frank Mongiello, Jordan McLinn, and Matthew Bellina Right to Try Act of 2017
- rulingSouth Dakota v. Wayfair
- rulingTrump v. Hawaii
- rulingJanus v. American Federation of State
- lawSwan Lake Hydroelectric Project Boundary Correction Act
- lawKIWI Act
- orderReimposing Certain Sanctions With Respect to Iran
- lawJohn S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
- lawVeterans Providing Healthcare Transition Improvement Act
- lawMiscellaneous Tariff Bill Act of 2018
- lawTribal Social Security Fairness Act of 2018
- lawEnergy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawDepartment of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawDepartment of Energy Research and Innovation Act
- lawNuclear Energy Innovation Capabilities Act of 2017
- lawProtecting Religiously Affiliated Institutions Act of 2018
- lawAirport and Airway Extension Act of 2018, Part II
- lawDepartment of Veterans Affairs Expiring Authorities Act of 2018
- lawFAA Reauthorization Act of 2018
- justiceBrett M. Kavanaugh — Associate Justice
- lawKnow the Lowest Price Act of 2018
- lawPatient Right to Know Drug Prices Act
- lawOrrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music Modernization Act
- lawAmerica's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018
- lawSUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act
- lawCybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018
- lawAmy, Vicky, and Andy Child Pornography Victim Assistance Act of 2018
- lawIraq and Syria Genocide Relief and Accountability Act of 2018
- lawReciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018
- lawDepartment of Homeland Security Data Framework Act of 2018
- lawAgriculture Improvement Act of 2018
- lawNational Quantum Initiative Act
- lawFirst Step Act of 2018
- lawTrafficking Victims Protection Act of 2017
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- war+Kenya: al-Shabaab
- lawFoundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018
- lawElie Wiesel Genocide and Atrocities Prevention Act of 2018
- lawGovernment Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019
- lawTANF Extension Act of 2019
- lawFurther Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawJohn D. Dingell Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- rulingFranchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
- rulingHerrera v. Wyoming
- lawNational Flood Insurance Extension Act of 2019
- war+Somalia: Islamic State
- lawAdditional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019
- rulingKnick v. Township of Scott
- lawPandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act of 2019
- rulingIancu v. Brunetti
- rulingUnited States v. Davis
- rulingUnited States v. Haymond
- rulingRucho v. Common Cause
- lawTaxpayer First Act
- lawEmergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019
- lawNever Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act
- war+War against al-Qaida
- lawBipartisan Budget Act of 2019
- war−War against al-Qaida
- lawContinuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Health Extenders Act of 2019
- war−Libya: Islamic State
- lawFurther Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019
- lawPreventing Animal Cruelty and Torture Act
- lawONDCP Technical Corrections Act of 2019
- lawHong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act
- lawA bill to prohibit the commercial export of covered munitions items to the Hong Kong Police Force
- agency−Overseas Private Investment Corporation
- agency+United States International Development Finance Corporation
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2020
- lawFurther Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- war+Iran–Israel conflict
- lawPayment Integrity Information Act of 2019
- lawPresidential Transition Enhancement Act of 2019
- lawCoronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020
- lawSecure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019
- lawFamilies First Coronavirus Response Act
- lawSecure 5G and Beyond Act of 2020
- rulingAllen v. Cooper
- lawSupporting Older Americans Act of 2020
- lawTaiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative (TAIPEI) Act of 2019
- lawCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
- orderEstablishing the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign Participation in the United States Telecommunications Services Sector
- rulingRamos v. Louisiana
- lawPaycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act
- rulingBostock v. Clayton County
- lawUyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
- rulingSeila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
- rulingBarr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc.
- lawHong Kong Autonomy Act
- lawGreat American Outdoors Act
- agency−Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
- orderAn America-First Healthcare Plan
- lawSavanna's Act
- justiceAmy Coney Barrett — Associate Justice
- lawRodchenkov Anti-Doping Act of 2019
- lawHolding Foreign Companies Accountable Act
- lawSave Our Seas 2.0 Act
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2021
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- agency+Office of the National Cyber Director
- lawWilliam M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
- lawCompetitive Health Insurance Reform Act of 2020
- lawMalala Yousafzai Scholarship Act
- presidentJoseph Robinette Biden Jr. takes office
- orderTackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad
- lawAmerican Rescue Plan Act of 2021
- lawPPP Extension Act of 2021
- orderImproving the Nation's Cybersecurity
- rulingEdwards v. Vannoy
- rulingUnited States v. Arthrex Inc.
- rulingCollins v. Yellen
- orderDiversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility in the Federal Workforce
- orderPromoting Competition in the American Economy
- war−War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
- war−Afghanistan: Islamic State
- lawInfrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
- orderCatalyzing Clean Energy Industries and Jobs Through Federal Sustainability
- war+Niger: JNIM
- orderTransforming Federal Customer Experience and Service Delivery To Rebuild Trust in Government
- war−Somalia: Islamic State
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawCapitol Police Emergency Assistance Act of 2021
- lawTo ensure that goods made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China do not enter the United States market, and for other purposes.
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022
- war−Kenya: al-Shabaab
- lawPuerto Rico Recovery Accuracy in Disclosures Act of 2021 (PRRADA)
- order2022 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- orderEnsuring Responsible Development of Digital Assets
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2022
- lawEmmett Till Antilynching Act
- lawPostal Service Reform Act of 2022
- justiceKetanji Brown Jackson — Associate Justice
- lawUkraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022
- rulingFederal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate
- rulingShinn v. Ramirez
- orderAdvancing Effective, Accountable Policing and Criminal Justice Practices To Enhance Public Trust and Public Safety
- rulingSiegel v. Fitzgerald
- rulingNew York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
- rulingDobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
- lawBipartisan Safer Communities Act
- rulingKennedy v. Bremerton School District
- rulingWest Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency
- lawCHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act
- lawHonoring our PACT Act of 2022
- lawInflation Reduction Act of 2022
- orderAdvancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy
- orderEnhancing Safeguards for United States Signals Intelligence Activities
- lawMedical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act
- lawSpeak Out Act
- lawRespect for Marriage Act
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawJames M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2023
- war−Niger: JNIM
- war−Niger: Islamic State
- lawSami's Law
- orderFurther Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government
- lawCOVID–19 Origin Act of 2023
- orderIncreasing Access to High-Quality Care and Supporting Caregivers
- orderRevitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All
- lawFiscal Responsibility Act of 2023
- rulingAllen v. Milligan
- rulingStudents for Fair Admissions Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College
- rulingBiden v. Nebraska
- order2023 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- lawContinuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act
- orderSafe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence
- lawFurther Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024
- war+Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen)
- orderPreventing Access to Americans' Bulk Sensitive Personal Data and United States Government-Related Data by Countries of Concern
- rulingTrump v. Anderson
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2024
- lawEradicating Narcotic Drugs and Formulating Effective New Tools to Address National Yearly Losses of life Act (END FENTANYL Act)
- lawProhibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act
- rulingSecurities and Exchange Commission v. Jarkesy
- rulingLoper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo
- rulingTrump v. United States
- lawAll-American Flag Act
- order2024 Amendments to the Manual for Courts Martial, United States
- lawAmerican Relief Act, 2025
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawServicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025
- war+Syria: Islamic State
- war+Nigeria: Islamic State
- lawSocial Security Fairness Act of 2023
- orderAdvancing United States Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure
- orderStrengthening and Promoting Innovation in the Nation's Cybersecurity
- presidentDonald J. Trump takes office
- lawLaken Riley Act
- war+Somalia: Islamic State
- lawFull-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025
- orderRegulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits
- lawTools to Address Known Exploitation by Immobilizing Technological Deepfakes on Websites and Networks Act (TAKE IT DOWN Act)
- rulingUnited States v. Skrmetti
- rulingTrump v. Casa, Inc.
- lawOne Big Beautiful Bill Act
- lawGuiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act)
- lawRescissions Act of 2025
- orderAddressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Brazil
- orderFurther Modifying the Reciprocal Tariff Rates
- orderModifying the Scope of Reciprocal Tariffs and Establishing Procedures for Implementing Trade and Security Agreements
- orderModifying the Scope of the Reciprocal Tariffs With Respect to Certain Agricultural Products
- lawEpstein Files Transparency Act
- orderModifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026
- lawWhole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2025
- rulingLearning Resources v. Trump
- rulingLouisiana v. Callais
- orderImplementing Schedule Policy/Career in the Excepted Service
- rulingCisco Systems v. Doe
- lawLulu's Law
- rulingTrump v. Slaughter
- rulingNational Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission
- law21st Century ROAD to Housing Act
- lawLindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026