How did the United States change between and ?
Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.
civicdiff.com/2013-01-03...2015-01-02 · 2 years
json22 files changed, 8,637 insertions(+), 129 deletions(−)Laws enacted
+339187 notable
Executive orders
+52signed
Final rules
+7,201639 significant
Supreme Court
0 of 9seats changed hands
Agencies
+3 −1departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$1.65T$16.4T → $18.1T
Barack Hussein Obama was president on both dates. Congress enacted 339 public laws. 16 senators and 91 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. Inflation-adjusted federal spending changed +3.9% (FY2013 → FY2015).
Executive7 files+7,909−22
executive/presidentThe presidency
Barack Hussein Obama D
44th president · in office on both dates
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. D
in office on both dates
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+22−21Wikidata ↗
Jack Lew D
Show 13 more cabinet offices
Secretary of Energy · 2 people took this office in between
Jack Lew D
Director of the Office of Management and Budget · 3 people took this office in between
Ambassador to the United Nations · 2 people took this office in between
Michael Morell I (acting)
Administrator of the Small Business Administration · 2 people took this office in between
Ron Kirk D
Other senior officials (3 changed)
10 offices unchanged
Attorney General: Eric Holder D
Postmaster General: Patrick R. Donahoe
Secretary of the Navy: Ray Mabus D
Secretary of Agriculture: Tom Vilsack D
Secretary of Education: Arne Duncan D
Director of National Intelligence: James R. Clapper I
Postmaster General: Patrick R. Donahoe
Secretary of the Navy: Ray Mabus D
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: Martin Dempsey
Solicitor General: Donald Verrilli Jr. D
executive/ordersExecutive orders
52 executive orders signed · Barack Obama 52
631 → 681 orders (issued since 1994) in force · 2 revoked in this window
EO 13641 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Apr 5, 2013 · Barack Obama · revoked by EO 13655
EO 13643 2013 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
May 15, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13645 Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Freedom and Counter- Proliferation Act of 2012 and Additional Sanctions With Respect To Iran
Jun 3, 2013 · Barack Obama · revoked by EO 13716
EO 13655 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 23, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13669 2014 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
Jun 13, 2014 · Barack Obama
EO 13686 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 19, 2014 · Barack Obama · revoked by EO 13715
EO 13636 Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity
Feb 12, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13637 Administration of Reformed Export Controls
Mar 8, 2013 · Barack Obama
Show 6 more
EO 13638 Amendments to Executive Order 12777
Mar 15, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13639 Establishment of the Presidential Commission on Election Administration
Mar 28, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13640 Continuance of Advisory Council
Apr 5, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13642 Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information
May 9, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13644 Amendment to Executive Order 13639
May 21, 2013 · Barack Obama
EO 13646 Establishing the President's Advisory Council on Financial Capability for Young Americans
Jun 25, 2013 · Barack Obama
executive/nominationsSenate confirmations
+631Congress.gov ↗
1,093 civilian nominations received · 631 confirmed · 24 withdrawn · 562 returned to the President
John Forbes Kerry, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of State, vice Hillary Rodham Clinton.
confirmed Jan 29, 2013 · 94–3
Charles Timothy Hagel, of Nebraska, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Leon E. Panetta.
confirmed Feb 26, 2013 · 58–41
Jacob J. Lew, of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice Timothy F. Geithner.
confirmed Feb 27, 2013 · 71–26
John Owen Brennan, of Virginia, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice David H. Petraeus, resigned.
confirmed Mar 7, 2013 · 63–34
Sarah Jewell, of Washington, to be Secretary of the Interior, vice Kenneth Lee Salazar.
confirmed Apr 10, 2013 · 87–11
Ernest J. Moniz, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Steven Chu.
confirmed May 16, 2013 · 97–0
Penny Pritzker, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice John Edgar Bryson, resigned.
confirmed Jun 25, 2013 · 97–1
Anthony Renard Foxx, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Transportation, vice Ray LaHood.
confirmed Jun 27, 2013 · 100–0
Thomas Edward Perez, of Maryland, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Hilda L. Solis, resigned.
confirmed Jul 18, 2013 · 54–46
Show 9 more top confirmations
Jeh Charles Johnson, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Janet Ann Napolitano, resigned.
confirmed Dec 16, 2013 · 78–16
Sylvia Mathews Burwell, of West Virginia, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Kathleen Sebelius.
confirmed Jun 5, 2014 · 78–17
Julian Castro, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, vice Shaun L. S. Donovan.
confirmed Jul 9, 2014 · 71–26
Shaun L. S. Donovan, of New York, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Sylvia Mathews Burwell.
confirmed Jul 10, 2014 · 75–22
Robert Alan McDonald, of Ohio, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Eric K. Shinseki, resigned.
confirmed Jul 29, 2014 · 97–0
Civilian nominations only (military promotions excluded). Top confirmations are cabinet-level posts, Supreme Court justices, and the Fed chair.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+3−1Wikidata ↗
421 → 423 tracked organizations · 16 → 16 executive departments
United States Digital Service
established Aug 11, 2014 · former digital services department of the Executive Office of the President of the United States
Administration for Community Living
established Jan 1, 2014 · United States federal agency that supports the needs of the aging and disability populations, and improves access health care and long-term services
Defense Digital Service
established Jan 1, 2015
Research and Innovative Technology Administration
abolished Jan 1, 2014 · research programs agency within the U.S. Department of Transportation
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations
+7,201Federal Register API ↗
7,201 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Jan 3, 2013
639 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
4,995 proposed rules · 48,232 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.
Military3 files+2−1
military/conflictsArmed conflicts
U.S. in 3 armed conflicts → 4
Yemen: Houthis and AQAP
U.S. combat role recorded through 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Ansarallah, AQAP
Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
began Aug 8, 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: al-Shabaab
began in 2015 (exact date unknown; may be after Jan 2, 2015) · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
2 conflicts active on both dates
War against al-Qaida
since Sep 11, 2001 · U.S. a principal party · against al-Qaida
War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
since 2003 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against the Taliban
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.
military/troopsU.S. troops abroad
−51,745 troops abroadDMDC via troopdata (Allen, Flynn & Martinez Machain) ↗
253,911 → 202,166 active-duty troops stationed abroad · 1,410,099 → 1,331,686 total active duty
16 → 17 countries with 1,000 or more U.S. troops
as of Sep 30, 2012 → as of Dec 31, 2014
Afghanistan 63,243 → 10,189
−53,054
Kyrgyzstan 6,857 → 97
−6,760
Germany 42,892 → 36,718
−6,174
Japan 49,350 → 53,938
+4,588
Italy 9,074 → 11,467
+2,393
Iraq 164 → 1,484
+1,320
Spain 1,719 → 3,037
+1,318
South Korea 27,724 → 29,021
+1,297
Qatar 6,865 → 5,781
−1,084
Kuwait 10,006 → 10,991
+985
Jordan 422 → 1,321
+899
Guam 5,494 → 6,025
+531
Largest U.S. deployments as of Dec 31, 2014
Japan 53,938
Germany 36,718
South Korea 29,021
Italy 11,467
Kuwait 10,991
Afghanistan 10,189
United Kingdom 8,836
Guam 6,025
Active-duty personnel assigned to each country in the Defense Department's location reports, which leave out most combat deployments, forces afloat, and short rotations: Iraq, Syria, and Afghanistan during their wars are press or Pentagon estimates, and Iraq and Syria read zero after 2023 although a few thousand troops remained. Each date shows the latest report on or before it.
military/spendingCost of war
$142B war fundingDoD Cost of War reports · CRS ↗
$142B spent on named war operations, fiscal years 2013–2014 · Defense Department obligations
Afghanistan $137B
Enduring Freedom → Freedom's Sentinel → Enduring Sentinel · FY2013–FY2014
Iraq & Syria $4.5B
Iraqi Freedom → New Dawn → Inherent Resolve · FY2013–FY2014
Lifetime cost of wars fought in this window · constant FY2011 dollars (CRS)
War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency) $321B
0.7% of GDP in its peak year · 2001–2021
Operation spending is what the Defense Department obligated to each named operation in each fiscal year, from its Cost of War reports; it excludes State Department and USAID programs, veterans' care, interest, and base budgets. Lifetime costs are the Congressional Research Service's estimates of direct military spending for each war, in FY2011 dollars.
Legislative4 files+446−103
legislative/controlControl of Congress
112
113
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
112th Congress → 113th Congress · 1 new Congress elected
0 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority on both dates
241 R · 191 D → 234 R · 201 D
Senate: Democrat majority on both dates
53 D · 46 R → 55 D · 45 R
legislative/senateSenate
+16−15congress-legislators ↗
16 new members · 15 departed · 84 served on both dates · women 17 → 20 · median age 63 → 64
4 seats changed party
Who joined and who left (16 in · 15 out)
Jeff Flake R
Arizona
Christopher Murphy D
Connecticut
Mazie K. Hirono D
Hawaii
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana
Elizabeth Warren D
Massachusetts
Edward J. Markey D
Massachusetts
Angus S. King, Jr. I
Maine
John E. Walsh D
Montana
Heidi Heitkamp D
North Dakota
Deb Fischer R
Nebraska
Cory A. Booker D
New Jersey
Martin Heinrich D
New Mexico
Tim Scott R
South Carolina
Ted Cruz R
Texas
Tim Kaine D
Virginia
Tammy Baldwin D
Wisconsin
Jon Kyl R
Arizona
Joseph I. Lieberman I
Connecticut
Daniel K. Akaka D
Hawaii
Richard G. Lugar R
Indiana
John F. Kerry D
Massachusetts
Scott P. Brown R
Massachusetts
Olympia J. Snowe R
Maine
Max Baucus D
Montana
Kent Conrad D
North Dakota
Ben Nelson D
Nebraska
Frank R. Lautenberg D
New Jersey
Jeff Bingaman D
New Mexico
Kay Bailey Hutchison R
Texas
Jim Webb D
Virginia
Herb Kohl D
Wisconsin
legislative/houseHouse
+91−88congress-legislators ↗
91 new members · 88 departed · 344 served on both dates · women 74 → 80 · median age 59 → 59
27 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Arkansas 1 D · 3 R
Arkansas 0 D · 4 R
Arizona 3 D · 5 R
Arizona 5 D · 4 R
California 32 D · 19 R
California 38 D · 15 R
Florida 6 D · 19 R
Florida 10 D · 17 R
Georgia 5 D · 8 R
Georgia 5 D · 9 R
Iowa 3 D · 2 R
Iowa 2 D · 2 R
Illinois 7 D · 11 R
Illinois 12 D · 6 R
Indiana 3 D · 6 R
Indiana 2 D · 7 R
Kentucky 2 D · 4 R
Kentucky 1 D · 5 R
Louisiana 1 D · 6 R
Louisiana 1 D · 5 R
Massachusetts 10 D · 0 R
Massachusetts 9 D · 0 R
Maryland 6 D · 2 R
Maryland 7 D · 1 R
Michigan 7 D · 8 R
Michigan 5 D · 9 R
Minnesota 4 D · 4 R
Minnesota 5 D · 3 R
Missouri 3 D · 6 R
Missouri 2 D · 6 R
North Carolina 7 D · 6 R
North Carolina 4 D · 9 R
New Hampshire 0 D · 2 R
New Hampshire 2 D · 0 R
New Jersey 7 D · 6 R
New Jersey 6 D · 6 R
Nevada 1 D · 2 R
Nevada 2 D · 2 R
New York 21 D · 8 R
New York 21 D · 6 R
Ohio 5 D · 13 R
Ohio 4 D · 12 R
Oklahoma 1 D · 4 R
Oklahoma 0 D · 5 R
Pennsylvania 7 D · 12 R
Pennsylvania 5 D · 13 R
South Carolina 1 D · 5 R
South Carolina 1 D · 6 R
Texas 9 D · 23 R
Texas 12 D · 24 R
Utah 1 D · 2 R
Utah 1 D · 3 R
Washington 5 D · 4 R
Washington 6 D · 4 R
Who joined and who left (91 in · 88 out)
Bradley Byrne R
Alabama-1
Tom Cotton R
Arkansas-4
Matt Salmon R
Arizona-5
Ann Kirkpatrick D
Arizona-1
Kyrsten Sinema D
Arizona-9
Gloria Negrete McLeod D
California-35
Paul Cook R
California-8
Alan S. Lowenthal D
California-47
Tony Cárdenas D
California-29
Doug LaMalfa R
California-1
Eric Swalwell D
California-15
Jared Huffman D
California-2
Ami Bera D
California-7
Julia Brownley D
California-26
Raul Ruiz D
California-36
Mark Takano D
California-41
Juan Vargas D
California-51
Scott H. Peters D
California-52
David G. Valadao R
California-21
Elizabeth H. Esty D
Connecticut-5
Joe Garcia D
Florida-26
Alan Grayson D
Florida-9
Patrick Murphy D
Florida-18
Ron DeSantis R
Florida-6
Ted S. Yoho R
Florida-3
Lois Frankel D
Florida-22
David W. Jolly R
Florida-13
Curt Clawson R
Florida-19
Doug Collins R
Georgia-9
Tulsi Gabbard D
Hawaii-2
William L. Enyart D
Illinois-12
Rodney Davis R
Illinois-13
Cheri Bustos D
Illinois-17
Bill Foster D
Illinois-11
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois-8
Bradley Scott Schneider D
Illinois-10
Robin L. Kelly D
Illinois-2
Luke Messer R
Indiana-6
Susan W. Brooks R
Indiana-5
Jackie Walorski R
Indiana-2
Andy Barr R
Kentucky-6
Vance M. McAllister R
Louisiana-5
Joseph P. Kennedy III D
Massachusetts-4
Katherine M. Clark D
Massachusetts-5
John K. Delaney D
Maryland-6
Kerry L. Bentivolio R
Michigan-11
Daniel T. Kildee D
Michigan-5
Richard M. Nolan D
Minnesota-8
Ann Wagner R
Missouri-2
Jason Smith R
Missouri-8
Steve Daines R
Montana-AL
Robert Pittenger R
North Carolina-9
Mark Meadows R
North Carolina-11
George Holding R
North Carolina-13
Richard Hudson R
North Carolina-8
Alma S. Adams D
North Carolina-12
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota-AL
Carol Shea-Porter D
New Hampshire-1
Ann M. Kuster D
New Hampshire-2
Donald Norcross D
New Jersey-1
Michelle Lujan Grisham D
New Mexico-1
Dina Titus D
Nevada-1
Steven Horsford D
Nevada-4
Daniel B. Maffei D
New York-24
Chris Collins R
New York-27
Sean Patrick Maloney D
New York-18
Grace Meng D
New York-6
Hakeem S. Jeffries D
New York-8
Brad R. Wenstrup R
Ohio-2
Joyce Beatty D
Ohio-3
David P. Joyce R
Ohio-14
Jim Bridenstine R
Oklahoma-1
Markwayne Mullin R
Oklahoma-2
Keith J. Rothfus R
Pennsylvania-12
Matt Cartwright D
Pennsylvania-17
Scott Perry R
Pennsylvania-4
Tom Rice R
South Carolina-7
Mark Sanford R
South Carolina-1
Steve Stockman R
Texas-36
Pete P. Gallego D
Texas-23
Beto O’Rourke D
Texas-16
Filemon Vela D
Texas-34
Randy K. Weber, Sr. R
Texas-14
Joaquin Castro D
Texas-20
Roger Williams R
Texas-25
Marc A. Veasey D
Texas-33
Chris Stewart R
Utah-2
Dave Brat R
Virginia-7
Denny Heck D
Washington-10
Derek Kilmer D
Washington-6
Mark Pocan D
Wisconsin-2
Jo Bonner R
Alabama-1
Mike Ross D
Arkansas-4
Benjamin Quayle R
Arizona-3
Jeff Flake R
Arizona-6
Joe Baca D
California-43
Howard L. Berman D
California-28
Brian P. Bilbray R
California-50
Mary Bono Mack R
California-45
David Dreier R
California-26
Elton Gallegly R
California-24
Wally Herger R
California-2
Jerry Lewis R
California-41
Daniel E. Lungren R
California-3
Laura Richardson D
California-37
Fortney Pete Stark D
California-13
Lynn C. Woolsey D
California-6
Christopher Murphy D
Connecticut-5
Sandy Adams R
Florida-24
Connie Mack R
Florida-14
David Rivera R
Florida-25
Cliff Stearns R
Florida-6
Allen B. West R
Florida-22
C. W. Bill Young R
Florida-10
Mazie K. Hirono D
Hawaii-2
Leonard L. Boswell D
Iowa-3
Judy Biggert R
Illinois-13
Jerry F. Costello D
Illinois-12
Timothy V. Johnson R
Illinois-15
Donald A. Manzullo R
Illinois-16
Robert T. Schilling R
Illinois-17
Joe Walsh R
Illinois-8
Robert J. Dold R
Illinois-10
Dan Burton R
Indiana-5
Mike Pence R
Indiana-6
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana-2
Ben Chandler D
Kentucky-6
Jeffrey M. Landry R
Louisiana-3
Rodney Alexander R
Louisiana-5
Barney Frank D
Massachusetts-4
John W. Olver D
Massachusetts-1
Edward J. Markey D
Massachusetts-7
Roscoe G. Bartlett R
Maryland-6
Hansen Clarke D
Michigan-13
Dale E. Kildee D
Michigan-5
David Alan Curson D
Michigan-11
Chip Cravaack R
Minnesota-8
W. Todd Akin R
Missouri-2
Russ Carnahan D
Missouri-3
Jo Ann Emerson R
Missouri-8
Denny Rehberg R
Montana-AL
Larry Kissell D
North Carolina-8
Brad Miller D
North Carolina-13
Sue Wilkins Myrick R
North Carolina-9
Heath Shuler D
North Carolina-11
Melvin L. Watt D
North Carolina-12
Rick Berg R
North Dakota-AL
Charles F. Bass R
New Hampshire-2
Frank C. Guinta R
New Hampshire-1
Steven R. Rothman D
New Jersey-9
Robert E. Andrews D
New Jersey-1
Martin Heinrich D
New Mexico-1
Shelley Berkley D
Nevada-1
Gary L. Ackerman D
New York-5
Ann Marie Buerkle R
New York-25
Nan A. S. Hayworth R
New York-19
Maurice D. Hinchey D
New York-22
Edolphus Towns D
New York-10
Kathleen C. Hochul D
New York-26
Robert L. Turner R
New York-9
Steve Austria R
Ohio-7
Dennis J. Kucinich D
Ohio-10
Steven C. LaTourette R
Ohio-14
Jean Schmidt R
Ohio-2
Betty Sutton D
Ohio-13
Dan Boren D
Oklahoma-2
John Sullivan R
Oklahoma-1
Jason Altmire D
Pennsylvania-4
Mark S. Critz D
Pennsylvania-12
Tim Holden D
Pennsylvania-17
Todd Russell Platts R
Pennsylvania-19
Tim Scott R
South Carolina-1
Francisco "Quico" Canseco R
Texas-23
Charles A. Gonzalez D
Texas-20
Ron Paul R
Texas-14
Silvestre Reyes D
Texas-16
Eric Cantor R
Virginia-7
Norman D. Dicks D
Washington-6
Tammy Baldwin D
Wisconsin-2
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+339Congress.gov ↗
339 public laws enacted · 0 landmark · 187 notable · 73 routine · 79 ceremonial
Medicare IVIG Access and Strengthening Medicare and Repaying Taxpayers Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-242 · Jan 10, 2013
Lake Thunderbird Efficient Use Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-244 · Jan 10, 2013
Pinnacles National Park Act
Pub. L. 112-245 · Jan 10, 2013
Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Improvement Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-248 · Jan 10, 2013
Improving Transparency of Education Opportunities for Veterans Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-249 · Jan 10, 2013
Katie Sepich Enhanced DNA Collection Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-253 · Jan 10, 2013
Former Presidents Protection Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-257 · Jan 10, 2013
Video Privacy Protection Act Amendments Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-258 · Jan 10, 2013
Mt. Andrea Lawrence Designation Act of 2011
Pub. L. 112-259 · Jan 10, 2013
Dignified Burial and Other Veterans' Benefits Improvement Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-260 · Jan 10, 2013
Show 30 more notable laws
North Korean Refugee Adoption Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-264 · Jan 14, 2013
Investigative Assistance for Violent Crimes Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-265 · Jan 14, 2013
Drywall Safety Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-266 · Jan 14, 2013
Foreign and Economic Espionage Penalty Enhancement Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-269 · Jan 14, 2013
Endangered Fish Recovery Programs Extension Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-270 · Jan 14, 2013
Clothe a Homeless Hero Act
Pub. L. 112-271 · Jan 14, 2013
World War I Centennial Commission Act
Pub. L. 112-272 · Jan 14, 2013
Space Exploration Sustainability Act
Pub. L. 112-273 · Jan 14, 2013
Protect Our Kids Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-275 · Jan 14, 2013
Intercountry Adoption Universal Accreditation Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-276 · Jan 14, 2013
Department of State Rewards Program Update and Technical Corrections Act of 2012
Pub. L. 112-283 · Jan 14, 2013
No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-3 · Feb 4, 2013
Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013 Sexual Assault Forensic Evidence Reporting Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-4 · Mar 7, 2013
Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-5 · Mar 13, 2013
District of Columbia Chief Financial Officer Vacancy Act
Pub. L. 113-8 · May 1, 2013
Reducing Flight Delays Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-9 · May 1, 2013
Stolen Valor Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-12 · Jun 3, 2013
Freedom to Fish Act
Pub. L. 113-13 · Jun 3, 2013
South Utah Valley Electric Conveyance Act
Pub. L. 113-19 · Jul 18, 2013
Bonneville Unit Clean Hydropower Facilitation Act
Pub. L. 113-20 · Jul 18, 2013
Vietnam Veterans Donor Acknowledgment Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-21 · Jul 18, 2013
Hydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-23 · Aug 9, 2013
Bureau of Reclamation Small Conduit Hydropower Development and Rural Jobs Act
Pub. L. 113-24 · Aug 9, 2013
FOR VETS Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-26 · Aug 9, 2013
Helping Heroes Fly Act
Pub. L. 113-27 · Aug 9, 2013
Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-28 · Aug 9, 2013
Reverse Mortgage Stabilization Act of 2013
Pub. L. 113-29 · Aug 9, 2013
Powell Shooting Range Land Conveyance Act
Pub. L. 113-32 · Sep 18, 2013
Judicial3 files+280
judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
Bench by appointing party: 5 R · 4 D → 5 R · 4 D · every justice ↗
9 justices served on both dates
Antonin Scalia R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1986
Anthony McLeod Kennedy R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1988
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991
Ruth Bader Ginsburg D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1993
Stephen Gerald Breyer D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1994
John Glover Roberts, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2005
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2006
Sonia Sotomayor D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2009
Elena Kagan D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2010
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
Courts of appeals (active judges): 83 R · 79 D · 1 N( → 95 D · 76 R · 1 N(
District courts (active judges): 324 R · 291 D → 357 D · 287 R
Barack Obama D appointed 136 judges
23 appeals · 111 district · 2 other
4 circuits flipped majority
First Circuit 2 D · 3 R (R majority)
First Circuit 4 D · 2 R (D majority)
Tenth Circuit 3 D · 6 R (R majority)
Tenth Circuit 7 D · 5 R (D majority)
District of Columbia Circuit 3 D · 5 R (R majority)
District of Columbia Circuit 7 D · 4 R (D majority)
Federal Circuit 5 D · 5 R (tie majority)
Federal Circuit 7 D · 4 R (D majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
144 argued decisions · 5 landmark
Alleyne v. United States
570 U.S. 99 · Jun 17, 2013 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.
570 U.S. 205 · Jun 20, 2013 · Decided 6–2 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Shelby County v. Holder
570 U.S. 529 · Jun 25, 2013 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Windsor
570 U.S. 744 · Jun 26, 2013 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
McCutcheon v. FEC
572 U.S. 185 · Apr 2, 2014 · Decided 5–4 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.
Fiscal2 files±0
fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
+3.9% real spendingOMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year 2013 → fiscal year 2015 · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
Spending $3.45T
FY2013
Spending $3.69T
FY2015 · +6.9% nominal · +3.9% after inflation
Revenue $2.78T
FY2013
Revenue $3.25T
FY2015 · +17% nominal · +14% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$680B
FY2013
Surplus / deficit −$442B
FY2015 · +$238B
Spending, % of GDP 20.7%
FY2013
Spending, % of GDP 20.3%
FY2015 · −0.4 pts
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 71.8%
FY2013
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 72.2%
FY2015 · +0.4 pts
Spending by function · real change
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$1.65TTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$16.4T
as of Jan 2, 2013
$18.1T
as of Jan 2, 2015
Constitution & Union1 file±0
constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
27 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.
Reverts1 file−3
revert/undoneWhat was undone
2 executive orders revoked or superseded · 0 rules struck down by Congress · 1 Supreme Court precedent overruled
Obama revoked 2 orders: 2 by themselves
1 decision that overruled precedent
Alleyne v. United States
Jun 17, 2013 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted). Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.
Log1 file±0
logEverything in between
203 events
- lawMedicare IVIG Access and Strengthening Medicare and Repaying Taxpayers Act of 2012
- lawLake Thunderbird Efficient Use Act of 2012
- lawPinnacles National Park Act
- lawImproper Payments Elimination and Recovery Improvement Act of 2012
- lawImproving Transparency of Education Opportunities for Veterans Act of 2012
- lawKatie Sepich Enhanced DNA Collection Act of 2012
- lawFormer Presidents Protection Act of 2012
- lawVideo Privacy Protection Act Amendments Act of 2012
- lawMt. Andrea Lawrence Designation Act of 2011
- lawDignified Burial and Other Veterans' Benefits Improvement Act of 2012
- lawNorth Korean Refugee Adoption Act of 2012
- lawInvestigative Assistance for Violent Crimes Act of 2012
- lawDrywall Safety Act of 2012
- lawForeign and Economic Espionage Penalty Enhancement Act of 2012
- lawEndangered Fish Recovery Programs Extension Act of 2012
- lawClothe a Homeless Hero Act
- lawWorld War I Centennial Commission Act
- lawSpace Exploration Sustainability Act
- lawProtect Our Kids Act of 2012
- lawIntercountry Adoption Universal Accreditation Act of 2012
- lawDepartment of State Rewards Program Update and Technical Corrections Act of 2012
- presidentBarack Hussein Obama takes office
- lawNo Budget, No Pay Act of 2013
- lawViolence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013 Sexual Assault Forensic Evidence Reporting Act of 2013
- lawPandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawConsolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2013 Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2013 Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 2013 Science Appropriations Act, 2013 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2013 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2013 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2013 Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2013 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawDistrict of Columbia Chief Financial Officer Vacancy Act
- lawReducing Flight Delays Act of 2013
- order2013 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- orderAuthorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Freedom and Counter- Proliferation Act of 2012 and Additional Sanctions With Respect To Iran
- lawStolen Valor Act of 2013
- lawFreedom to Fish Act
- lawAnimal Drug and Animal Generic Drug User Fee Reauthorization Act of 2013 Animal Drug User Fee Amendments of 2013 Animal Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2013
- rulingAlleyne v. United States
- rulingAgency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.
- rulingShelby County v. Holder
- rulingUnited States v. Windsor
- lawSouth Utah Valley Electric Conveyance Act
- lawBonneville Unit Clean Hydropower Facilitation Act
- lawVietnam Veterans Donor Acknowledgment Act of 2013
- lawHydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act of 2013
- lawBureau of Reclamation Small Conduit Hydropower Development and Rural Jobs Act
- lawFOR VETS Act of 2013
- lawHelping Heroes Fly Act
- lawBipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013
- lawReverse Mortgage Stabilization Act of 2013
- lawPowell Shooting Range Land Conveyance Act
- lawDenali National Park Improvement Act
- lawNatchez Trace Parkway Land Conveyance Act of 2013
- lawMinuteman Missile National Historic Site Boundary Modification Act
- lawImproving Job Opportunities for Veterans Act of 2013
- lawMissing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawPay Our Military Act
- lawHelium Stewardship Act of 2013
- lawOrganization of American States Revitalization and Reform Act of 2013
- lawCongressional Award Program Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawDepartment of Defense Survivor Benefits Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014
- lawContinuing Appropriations Act, 2014
- lawUnited States Parole Commission Extension Act of 2013
- lawSchool Access to Emergency Epinephrine Act
- lawStreamlining Claims Processing for Federal Contractor Employees Act
- lawHIV Organ Policy Equity Act
- lawVeterans' Compensation Cost-of-Living Adjustment Act of 2013
- lawSmall Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013
- lawDrug Quality and Security Act Compounding Quality Act Drug Supply Chain Security Act
- lawPEPFAR Stewardship and Oversight Act of 2013
- lawFallen Firefighters Assistance Tax Clarification Act of 2013
- lawCommunity Fire Safety Act of 2013
- lawAlicia Dawn Koehl Respect for National Cemeteries Act
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 Military Land Withdrawals Act of 2013
- lawBipartisan Budget Act of 2013 Pathway for SGR Reform Act of 2013
- lawAlaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act
- lawNative American Veterans' Memorial Amendments Act of 2013
- lawAccuracy for Adoptees Act
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2014
- lawPoison Center Network Act
- lawAgriculture Act of 2014
- lawOPM IG Act
- lawSupport for United States-Republic of Korea Civil Nuclear Cooperation Act
- lawSouth Utah Valley Electric Conveyance Act
- lawTemporary Debt Limit Extension Act
- lawNational Integrated Drought Information System Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawSleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Conservation and Recreation Act
- lawFond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Non-Intercourse Act of 2013
- lawHomeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2013
- lawHome Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation Act of 2014
- lawPhilippines Charitable Giving Assistance Act
- lawProtecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014
- rulingMcCutcheon v. FEC
- lawGabriella Miller Kids First Research Act
- lawSupport for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014
- lawUnited States International Programming to Ukraine and Neighboring Regions
- lawCooperative and Small Employer Charity Pension Flexibility Act
- lawChildren's Hospital GME Support Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawGreen Mountain Lookout Heritage Protection Act
- lawDigital Accountability and Transparency Act of 2014
- lawKilah Davenport Child Protection Act of 2013
- lawMonuments Men Recognition Act of 2014
- lawNorth Texas Invasive Species Barrier Act of 2014
- lawGold Medal Technical Corrections Act of 2014
- lawSandia Pueblo Settlement Technical Amendment Act
- lawWater Resources Reform and Development Act of 2013
- order2014 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- lawCollinsville Renewable Energy Promotion Act
- lawWorld War II Memorial Prayer Act of 2013
- lawHarmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Amendments Act of 2014
- lawReliable Home Heating Act
- lawIntelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014
- lawWorkforce Innovation and Opportunity Act
- lawBlack Hills Cemetery Act
- lawDistinguished Flying Cross National Memorial Act
- lawHill Creek Cultural Preservation and Energy Development Act
- lawPascua Yaqui Tribe Trust Land Act
- lawThree Kids Mine Remediation and Reclamation Act
- lawIdaho Wilderness Water Resources Protection Act
- lawNorth Cascades National Park Service Complex Fish Stocking Act
- lawLake Hill Administrative Site Affordable Housing Act
- lawHuna Tlingit Traditional Gull Egg Use Act
- lawVeterinary Medicine Mobility Act of 2014
- lawUnlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act
- lawEmergency Supplemental Appropriations Resolution, 2014
- lawVeterans' Access to Care through Choice, Accountability, and Transparency Act of 2014
- war+Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
- lawSean and David Goldman International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act of 2014
- lawImproving Trauma Care Act of 2014
- lawMoney Remittances Improvement Act of 2014
- lawAutism CARES Act of 2014
- lawHighway and Transportation Funding Act of 2014
- lawEmergency Afghan Allies Extension Act of 2014
- lawNear East and South Central Asia Religious Freedom Act of 2014
- lawAssessing Progress in Haiti Act of 2014
- lawVictims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2013
- agency+United States Digital Service
- lawContinuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015
- lawMultinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp Reauthorization Act of 2013
- lawPaul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Community Assistance, Research and Education Amendments of 2013
- lawTribal General Welfare Exclusion Act of 2014
- lawPyramid Lake Paiute Tribe – Fish Springs Ranch Settlement Act
- lawAll Circuit Review Extension Act
- lawExamination and Supervisory Privilege Parity Act of 2014
- lawDepartment of Veterans Affairs Expiring Authorities Act of 2014
- lawGun Lake Trust Land Reaffirmation Act
- lawEmergency Medical Services for Children Reauthorization Act of 2014
- lawVeterans' Compensation Cost-of-Living Adjustment Act of 2014
- lawDebbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2014
- lawPreventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act
- lawIMPACT Act of 2014
- lawChild Care and Development Block Grant Act of 2014
- lawPresidential and Federal Records Act Amendments of 2014
- lawGovernment Reports Elimination Act of 2014
- lawAlbuquerque, New Mexico, Federal Land Conveyance Act of 2013
- lawClifford P. Hansen Federal Courthouse Conveyance Act
- lawSunscreen Innovation Act
- lawTraumatic Brain Injury Reauthorization Act of 2014
- lawEnhance Labeling, Accessing, and Branding of Electronic Licenses Act of 2014
- lawSTELA Reauthorization Act of 2014
- lawHonor Flight Act
- lawBill Williams River Water Rights Settlement Act of 2014
- lawBlackfoot River Land Exchange Act of 2014
- lawAdding Ebola to the FDA Priority Review Voucher Program Act
- lawConsolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015
- lawSudden Unexpected Death Data Enhancement and Awareness Act
- lawAviation Security Stakeholder Participation Act of 2014
- lawPermanent Electronic Duck Stamp Act of 2013
- lawNewborn Screening Saves Lives Reauthorization Act of 2014
- lawDeath in Custody Reporting Act of 2013
- lawCrooked River Collaborative Water Security and Jobs Act of 2014
- lawCybersecurity Workforce Assessment Act
- lawAmerican Savings Promotion Act
- lawCredit Union Share Insurance Fund Parity Act
- lawProtecting and Securing Chemical Facilities from Terrorist Attacks Act of 2014
- lawSmart Savings Act
- lawVeterans Traumatic Brain Injury Care Improvement Act of 2014
- lawDesigner Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014
- lawMay 31, 1918 Act Repeal Act
- lawEPS Service Parts Act of 2014
- lawFederal Duck Stamp Act of 2014
- lawEARLY Act Reauthorization of 2014
- lawPropane Education and Research Enhancement Act of 2014
- lawNo Social Security for Nazis Act
- lawUkraine Freedom Support Act of 2014
- lawChesapeake Bay Accountability and Recovery Act of 2014
- lawCybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014
- lawBorder Patrol Agent Pay Reform Act of 2014
- lawVenezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014
- lawInsurance Capital Standards Clarification Act of 2014
- lawUnited States Anti-Doping Agency Reauthorization Act
- lawHoward Coble Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2014
- lawNational Cybersecurity Protection Act of 2014
- lawFederal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014
- lawDHS OIG Mandates Revision Act of 2014
- lawForeclosure Relief and Extension for Servicemembers Act of 2014
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawCollectible Coin Protection Act
- lawSenator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2014
- lawGrand Portage Band Per Capita Adjustment Act
- lawCarl Levin and Howard P. "Buck" McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015
- lawIntelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015
- lawUnited States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014
- war−Yemen: Houthis and AQAP
- war+Somalia: al-Shabaab