How did the United States change between and ?

Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → now
civicdiff.com/1997-01-03...1999-01-02 · 2 years json
21 files changed, 11,156 insertions(+), 126 deletions(−)
Laws enacted
+394
217 notable
Executive orders
+76
signed
Final rules
+9,575
509 significant
Supreme Court
0 of 9
seats changed hands
Agencies
+8 −4
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$297B
$5.32T → $5.61T

William Jefferson Clinton was president on both dates. Congress enacted 394 public laws. 14 senators and 81 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. Inflation-adjusted federal spending changed +3.7% (FY1997 → FY1999).

Executive7 files+10,387−18

executive/presidentThe presidency
±0National Archives ↗
William Jefferson Clinton D
42nd president · in office on both dates
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
±0Senate Historical Office ↗
Albert Arnold Gore Jr. D
in office on both dates
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+15−14Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State
Warren Christopher D
Madeleine Albright D
Secretary of Defense
William Perry D
William Cohen R
Secretary of the Navy
John Howard Dalton
Richard Danzig D
Secretary of Commerce
William M. Daley D
Secretary of Labor
Robert Reich D
Alexis Herman D
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Henry Cisneros D
Andrew Cuomo D
Show 6 more cabinet offices
Secretary of Transportation
Federico Peña D
Rodney E. Slater D
Secretary of Energy
Hazel R. O'Leary D
Bill Richardson D
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Jesse Brown D
Togo D. West, Jr. D
White House Chief of Staff · 2 people took this office in between
Leon Panetta D
John Podesta D
Director of the Office of Management and Budget
Franklin Raines D
Jack Lew D
Ambassador to the United Nations · 2 people took this office in between
Madeleine Albright D
Peter Burleigh
Other senior officials (3 changed)
Secretary of the Navy
John Howard Dalton
Richard Danzig D
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
John Shalikashvili
Hugh Shelton
National Security Advisor
Anthony Lake D
Sandy Berger D
10 offices unchanged
Secretary of the Treasury: Robert Rubin D
Attorney General: Janet Reno D
Secretary of the Interior: Bruce Babbitt D
Secretary of Agriculture: Dan Glickman D
Secretary of Health and Human Services: Donna Shalala D
Secretary of Education: Richard Riley D
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency: Carol Browner D
Director of Central Intelligence: George Tenet D
Chair of the Federal Reserve: Alan Greenspan R
Director of the FBI: Louis Joseph Freeh R
executive/ordersExecutive orders
+76Federal Register API ↗
76 executive orders signed · William J. Clinton 76
134 → 200 orders (issued since 1994) in force · 10 revoked in this window
EO 13071 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 29, 1997 · William J. Clinton · revoked by EO 13106
EO 13086 1998 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
May 27, 1998 · William J. Clinton
EO 13101 Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition
Sep 14, 1998 · William J. Clinton · revoked by EO 13423
EO 13106 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Delegation of a Federal Pay Administration Authority
Dec 7, 1998 · William J. Clinton · revoked by EO 13144
EO 13034 Extension of Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses
Jan 30, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13035 Advisory Committee on High-Performance Computing and Communications, Information Technology, and the Next Generation Internet
Feb 11, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13036 Establishing an Emergency Board To Investigate a Dispute Between American Airlines and its Employees Represented by the Allied Pilots Association
Feb 15, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13037 Commission To Study Capital Budgeting
Mar 3, 1997 · William J. Clinton · revoked by EO 13138
Show 6 more
EO 13038 Advisory Committee on Public Interest Obligations of Digital Television Broadcasters
Mar 11, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13039 Exclusion of the Naval Special Warfare Development Group From the Federal Labor-Management Relations Program
Mar 11, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13040 Amendment to Executive Order 13017, Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry
Mar 25, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13041 Further Amendment to Executive Order 13010, as Amended
Apr 3, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13042 Implementing for the United States Article VIII of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization Concerning Legal Capacity and Privileges and Immunities
Apr 9, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13043 Increasing Seat Belt Use in the United States
Apr 16, 1997 · William J. Clinton
executive/nominationsSenate confirmations
+713Congress.gov ↗
875 civilian nominations received · 713 confirmed · 38 withdrawn · 120 returned to the President
Madeleine Korbel Albright, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of State, vice Warren Christopher, resigned.
confirmed Jan 22, 1997 · 99–0
William M. Daley, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice Michael Kantor.
confirmed Jan 30, 1997 · 95–2
Rodney E. Slater, of Arkansas, to be Secretary of Transportation, vice Federico Pena.
confirmed Feb 6, 1997 · 98–0
Bill Richardson, of New Mexico, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations, vice Madeleine Korbel Albright.
confirmed Feb 11, 1997 · 100–0
Aida Alvarez, of New York, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Philip Lader.
confirmed Feb 13, 1997 · voice vote or unanimous consent
Charlene Barshefsky, of the District of Columbia, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Michael Kantor.
confirmed Mar 5, 1997 · 99–1
Federico Pena, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Hazel Rollins O'Leary, retired.
confirmed Mar 12, 1997 · 99–1
Alexis M. Herman, of Alabama, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Robert B. Reich.
confirmed Apr 30, 1997 · 85–13
Richard Sklar, of California, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for UN Management and Reform, with the Rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Jul 31, 1997 · voice vote or unanimous consent
Togo Dennis West, Jr., of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Jesse Brown, resigned.
confirmed Apr 28, 1998 · voice vote or unanimous consent
Jacob Joseph Lew, of New York, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Franklin D. Raines, resigned.
confirmed Jul 31, 1998 · voice vote or unanimous consent
Bill Richardson, of New Mexico, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Federico Pena, resigned.
confirmed Jul 31, 1998 · voice vote or unanimous consent
Civilian nominations only (military promotions excluded). Top confirmations are cabinet-level posts, Supreme Court justices, and the Fed chair.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+8−4Wikidata ↗
353 → 358 tracked organizations · 15 → 15 executive departments
Denali Commission
established Jan 1, 1998 · independent agency of the United States government
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
established Jan 1, 1998 · independent U.S. federal agency charged with investigating industrial chemical accidents
U.S. Census Monitoring Board
established Nov 26, 1997 · former agency
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
established Jan 1, 1998 · government agency
Department of Defense Cyber Crime Center
established Jan 1, 1998 · United States defense organization
United States National Transportation Library
established Jan 1, 1998 · transportation research library serving as a national library of the United States, and the library of the U.S. Department of Transportation
National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
established Jan 1, 1999 · facility in Silver Spring, United States
Development Credit Authority
established Jan 1, 1999
United States Information Agency
abolished Jan 1, 1999 · former United States government agency · replaced by U.S. Agency for Global Media
Defense Nuclear Agency
abolished Jan 1, 1998 · agency of the US Department of Defense
Show 2 more
Assassination Records Review Board
abolished Sep 30, 1998
United States Information Service
abolished Jan 1, 1999 · the overseas branch of USIA with field offices to promote U.S. interests abroad
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations
+9,575Federal Register API ↗
9,575 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Jan 3, 1997
509 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
5,957 proposed rules · 52,273 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.

Military2 files±0

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
±0UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 0 armed conflicts → 0
The U.S. was not a party to any armed conflict in this window.
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.
military/troopsU.S. troops abroad
−3,590 troops abroadDMDC via troopdata (Allen, Flynn & Martinez Machain) ↗
220,461 → 216,871 active-duty troops stationed abroad · 1,434,579 → 1,368,246 total active duty
20 → 19 countries with 1,000 or more U.S. troops
as of Sep 30, 1996 → as of Sep 30, 1998
Germany 48,878 → 69,663
+20,785
Bosnia and Herzegovina 15,003 → 6,912
−8,091
Hungary 6,523 → 1,379
−5,144
Croatia 4,007 → 119
−3,888
Saudi Arabia 1,587 → 4,873
+3,286
Japan 42,962 → 40,364
−2,598
Panama 6,435 → 4,694
−1,741
Kuwait 5,531 → 3,921
−1,610
United Kingdom 11,662 → 10,156
−1,506
Guam 5,305 → 3,935
−1,370
Italy 12,401 → 11,519
−882
Puerto Rico 2,650 → 1,970
−680
Largest U.S. deployments as of Sep 30, 1998
Germany 69,663
Japan 40,364
South Korea 36,890
Italy 11,519
United Kingdom 10,156
Bosnia and Herzegovina 6,912
Saudi Arabia 4,873
Panama 4,694
Active-duty personnel assigned to each country in the Defense Department's location reports, which leave out most combat deployments, forces afloat, and short rotations: Iraq, Syria, and Afghanistan during their wars are press or Pentagon estimates, and Iraq and Syria read zero after 2023 although a few thousand troops remained. Each date shows the latest report on or before it.

Legislative4 files+489−94

legislative/controlControl of Congress
0 changesHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
104th Congress → 105th Congress · 1 new Congress elected
0 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority on both dates
235 R · 199 D → 228 R · 207 D
Senate: Republican majority on both dates
53 R · 47 D → 55 R · 45 D
legislative/senateSenate
+14−14congress-legislators ↗
Jan 3, 1997 · 53 R · 47 D
Howell Thomas Heflin (Democrat, AL)David Hampton Pryor (Democrat, AR)Dale Bumpers (Democrat, AR)Barbara Boxer (Democrat, CA)Dianne Feinstein (Democrat, CA)Christopher J. Dodd (Democrat, CT)Joseph I. Lieberman (Democrat, CT)Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Democrat, DE)Bob Graham (Democrat, FL)Samuel Augustus Nunn (Democrat, GA)Daniel K. Inouye (Democrat, HI)Daniel K. Akaka (Democrat, HI)Tom Harkin (Democrat, IA)Paul Martin Simon (Democrat, IL)Carol Moseley Braun (Democrat, IL)Wendell Hampton Ford (Democrat, KY)John Bennett Johnston Jr. (Democrat, LA)John B. Breaux (Democrat, LA)John F. Kerry (Democrat, MA)Edward M. Kennedy (Democrat, MA)Barbara A. Mikulski (Democrat, MD)Paul S. Sarbanes (Democrat, MD)Carl Levin (Democrat, MI)Paul David Wellstone (Democrat, MN)Max Baucus (Democrat, MT)Byron L. Dorgan (Democrat, ND)Kent Conrad (Democrat, ND)J. James Exon (Democrat, NE)J. Robert Kerrey (Democrat, NE)William Warren Bradley (Democrat, NJ)Frank R. Lautenberg (Democrat, NJ)Jeff Bingaman (Democrat, NM)Harry Reid (Democrat, NV)Richard H. Bryan (Democrat, NV)Daniel Patrick Moynihan (Democrat, NY)John Herschel Glenn Jr. (Democrat, OH)Ron Wyden (Democrat, OR)Claiborne de Borda Pell (Democrat, RI)Ernest F. Hollings (Democrat, SC)Thomas A. Daschle (Democrat, SD)Charles S. Robb (Democrat, VA)Patrick J. Leahy (Democrat, VT)Patty Murray (Democrat, WA)Russell D. Feingold (Democrat, WI)Herb Kohl (Democrat, WI)John D. Rockefeller, IV (Democrat, WV)Robert C. Byrd (Democrat, WV)Ted F. Stevens (Republican, AK)Frank H. Murkowski (Republican, AK)Richard C. Shelby (Republican, AL)John McCain (Republican, AZ)Jon Kyl (Republican, AZ)George Hanks Brown (Republican, CO)Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Republican, CO)William V. Roth Jr. (Republican, DE)Connie Mack III (Republican, FL)Paul D. Coverdell (Republican, GA)Chuck Grassley (Republican, IA)Larry E. Craig (Republican, ID)Dirk Kempthorne (Republican, ID)Daniel Coats (Republican, IN)Richard G. Lugar (Republican, IN)Nancy Landon Kassebaum (Republican, KS)Samuel D. Brownback (Republican, KS)Mitch McConnell (Republican, KY)William Sebastian Cohen (Republican, ME)Olympia J. Snowe (Republican, ME)Spencer Abraham (Republican, MI)Rod Grams (Republican, MN)Christopher S. Bond (Republican, MO)John Ashcroft (Republican, MO)Thad Cochran (Republican, MS)Trent Lott (Republican, MS)Conrad Burns (Republican, MT)Jesse Helms (Republican, NC)Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth (Republican, NC)Robert Smith (Republican, NH)Judd A. Gregg (Republican, NH)Pete V. Domenici (Republican, NM)Alfonse Marcello D’Amato (Republican, NY)Michael DeWine (Republican, OH)Don Nickles (Republican, OK)James M. Inhofe (Republican, OK)Mark Odom Hatfield (Republican, OR)Arlen Specter (Republican, PA)Richard J. Santorum (Republican, PA)John Hubbard Chafee (Republican, RI)J. Strom Thurmond (Republican, SC)Larry Lee Pressler (Republican, SD)Fred Thompson (Republican, TN)William H. Frist (Republican, TN)Phil Gramm (Republican, TX)Kay Bailey Hutchison (Republican, TX)Robert F. Bennett (Republican, UT)Orrin G. Hatch (Republican, UT)John W. Warner (Republican, VA)James M. Jeffords (Republican, VT)T. Slade Gorton (Republican, WA)Alan Kooi Simpson (Republican, WY)Craig Thomas (Republican, WY)
Jan 2, 1999 · 55 R · 45 D
Dale Bumpers (Democrat, AR)Barbara Boxer (Democrat, CA)Dianne Feinstein (Democrat, CA)Christopher J. Dodd (Democrat, CT)Joseph I. Lieberman (Democrat, CT)Joseph R. Biden Jr. (Democrat, DE)Bob Graham (Democrat, FL)J. Maxwell Cleland (Democrat, GA)Daniel K. Inouye (Democrat, HI)Daniel K. Akaka (Democrat, HI)Tom Harkin (Democrat, IA)Carol Moseley Braun (Democrat, IL)Richard J. Durbin (Democrat, IL)Wendell Hampton Ford (Democrat, KY)John B. Breaux (Democrat, LA)Mary L. Landrieu (Democrat, LA)Edward M. Kennedy (Democrat, MA)John F. Kerry (Democrat, MA)Barbara A. Mikulski (Democrat, MD)Paul S. Sarbanes (Democrat, MD)Carl Levin (Democrat, MI)Paul David Wellstone (Democrat, MN)Max Baucus (Democrat, MT)Byron L. Dorgan (Democrat, ND)Kent Conrad (Democrat, ND)J. Robert Kerrey (Democrat, NE)Frank R. Lautenberg (Democrat, NJ)Robert Torricelli (Democrat, NJ)Jeff Bingaman (Democrat, NM)Harry Reid (Democrat, NV)Richard H. Bryan (Democrat, NV)Daniel Patrick Moynihan (Democrat, NY)John Herschel Glenn Jr. (Democrat, OH)Ron Wyden (Democrat, OR)Jack Reed (Democrat, RI)Ernest F. Hollings (Democrat, SC)Thomas A. Daschle (Democrat, SD)Tim Johnson (Democrat, SD)Charles S. Robb (Democrat, VA)Patrick J. Leahy (Democrat, VT)Patty Murray (Democrat, WA)Russell D. Feingold (Democrat, WI)Herb Kohl (Democrat, WI)Robert C. Byrd (Democrat, WV)John D. Rockefeller, IV (Democrat, WV)Frank H. Murkowski (Republican, AK)Ted F. Stevens (Republican, AK)Richard C. Shelby (Republican, AL)Jeff Sessions (Republican, AL)Tim Hutchinson (Republican, AR)John McCain (Republican, AZ)Jon Kyl (Republican, AZ)Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Republican, CO)Wayne A. Allard (Republican, CO)William V. Roth Jr. (Republican, DE)Connie Mack III (Republican, FL)Paul D. Coverdell (Republican, GA)Chuck Grassley (Republican, IA)Dirk Kempthorne (Republican, ID)Larry E. Craig (Republican, ID)Daniel Coats (Republican, IN)Richard G. Lugar (Republican, IN)Samuel D. Brownback (Republican, KS)Pat Roberts (Republican, KS)Mitch McConnell (Republican, KY)Olympia J. Snowe (Republican, ME)Susan M. Collins (Republican, ME)Spencer Abraham (Republican, MI)Rod Grams (Republican, MN)Christopher S. Bond (Republican, MO)John Ashcroft (Republican, MO)Trent Lott (Republican, MS)Thad Cochran (Republican, MS)Conrad Burns (Republican, MT)Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth (Republican, NC)Jesse Helms (Republican, NC)Charles T. Hagel (Republican, NE)Judd A. Gregg (Republican, NH)Robert Smith (Republican, NH)Pete V. Domenici (Republican, NM)Alfonse Marcello D’Amato (Republican, NY)Michael DeWine (Republican, OH)Don Nickles (Republican, OK)James M. Inhofe (Republican, OK)Gordon Harold Smith (Republican, OR)Arlen Specter (Republican, PA)Richard J. Santorum (Republican, PA)John Hubbard Chafee (Republican, RI)J. Strom Thurmond (Republican, SC)William H. Frist (Republican, TN)Fred Thompson (Republican, TN)Kay Bailey Hutchison (Republican, TX)Phil Gramm (Republican, TX)Robert F. Bennett (Republican, UT)Orrin G. Hatch (Republican, UT)John W. Warner (Republican, VA)James M. Jeffords (Republican, VT)T. Slade Gorton (Republican, WA)Craig Thomas (Republican, WY)Michael B. Enzi (Republican, WY)
14 new members · 14 departed · 86 served on both dates · women 8 → 9 · median age 59 → 58
4 seats changed party
David Hampton Pryor D
Arkansas seat
Tim Hutchinson R
Arkansas seat
J. James Exon D
Nebraska seat
Charles T. Hagel R
Nebraska seat
Larry Lee Pressler R
South Dakota seat
Tim Johnson D
South Dakota seat
Howell Thomas Heflin D
Alabama seat
Jeff Sessions R
Alabama seat
Who joined and who left (14 in · 14 out)
Jeff Sessions R
Alabama
Tim Hutchinson R
Arkansas
Wayne A. Allard R
Colorado
J. Maxwell Cleland D
Georgia
Richard J. Durbin D
Illinois
Pat Roberts R
Kansas
Mary L. Landrieu D
Louisiana
Susan M. Collins R
Maine
Charles T. Hagel R
Nebraska
Robert Torricelli D
New Jersey
Gordon Harold Smith R
Oregon
Jack Reed D
Rhode Island
Tim Johnson D
South Dakota
Michael B. Enzi R
Wyoming
Howell Thomas Heflin D
Alabama
David Hampton Pryor D
Arkansas
George Hanks Brown R
Colorado
Samuel Augustus Nunn D
Georgia
Paul Martin Simon D
Illinois
Nancy Landon Kassebaum R
Kansas
John Bennett Johnston Jr. D
Louisiana
William Sebastian Cohen R
Maine
J. James Exon D
Nebraska
William Warren Bradley D
New Jersey
Mark Odom Hatfield R
Oregon
Claiborne de Borda Pell D
Rhode Island
Larry Lee Pressler R
South Dakota
Alan Kooi Simpson R
Wyoming
legislative/houseHouse
+81−80congress-legislators ↗
Jan 3, 1997 · 235 R · 198 D · 1 I
Tom Bevill (Democrat, AL-4)John Glen Browder (Democrat, AL-3)Earl F. Hilliard (Democrat, AL-7)Robert E. Cramer Jr. (Democrat, AL-5)Raymond Hoyt Thornton Jr. (Democrat, AR-2)Blanche Lambert Lincoln (Democrat, AR-1)Ed Pastor (Democrat, AZ-2)Anthony Charles Beilenson (Democrat, CA-24)Ronald Vernie Dellums (Democrat, CA-9)Victor Herbert Fazio Jr. (Democrat, CA-3)Esteban Edward Torres (Democrat, CA-34)George E. Brown Jr. (Democrat, CA-42)Julian C. Dixon (Democrat, CA-32)Matthew G. Martínez (Democrat, CA-31)Gary Condit (Democrat, CA-18)Calvin M. Dooley (Democrat, CA-20)Robert T. Matsui (Democrat, CA-5)Tom Lantos (Democrat, CA-12)Jane Harman (Democrat, CA-36)Bob Filner (Democrat, CA-50)Howard L. Berman (Democrat, CA-26)Fortney Pete Stark (Democrat, CA-13)Lynn C. Woolsey (Democrat, CA-6)George Miller (Democrat, CA-7)Henry A. Waxman (Democrat, CA-29)Sam Farr (Democrat, CA-17)Xavier Becerra (Democrat, CA-30)Lucille Roybal-Allard (Democrat, CA-33)Anna G. Eshoo (Democrat, CA-14)Zoe Lofgren (Democrat, CA-16)Nancy Pelosi (Democrat, CA-8)Maxine Waters (Democrat, CA-35)Juanita Millender-McDonald (Democrat, CA-37)Patricia Scott Schroeder (Democrat, CO-1)David Evans Skaggs (Democrat, CO-2)Barbara Bailey Kennelly (Democrat, CT-1)Sam Gejdenson (Democrat, CT-2)Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat, CT-3)Sam Melville Gibbons (Democrat, FL-11)Harry A. Johnston II (Democrat, FL-19)Douglas Brian Peterson (Democrat, FL-2)Carrie Meek (Democrat, FL-17)Karen Thurman (Democrat, FL-5)Peter Deutsch (Democrat, FL-20)Corrine Brown (Democrat, FL-3)Alcee L. Hastings (Democrat, FL-23)Cynthia McKinney (Democrat, GA-11)John Lewis (Democrat, GA-5)Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat, GA-2)Patsy Takemoto Mink (Democrat, HI-2)Neil Abercrombie (Democrat, HI-1)Cardiss Collins (Democrat, IL-7)Glenn Poshard (Democrat, IL-19)Sidney Richard Yates (Democrat, IL-9)William O. Lipinski (Democrat, IL-3)Lane A. Evans (Democrat, IL-17)Jerry F. Costello (Democrat, IL-12)Luis V. Gutiérrez (Democrat, IL-4)Bobby L. Rush (Democrat, IL-1)Richard J. Durbin (Democrat, IL-20)Jesse L. Jackson Jr. (Democrat, IL-2)Andrew Jacobs Jr. (Democrat, IN-10)Lee Herbert Hamilton (Democrat, IN-9)Timothy Roemer (Democrat, IN-3)Peter J. Visclosky (Democrat, IN-1)Michael Delavan Ward (Democrat, KY-3)Henry Scott Baesler (Democrat, KY-6)William J. Jefferson (Democrat, LA-2)Cleo Fields (Democrat, LA-4)Gerry Eastman Studds (Democrat, MA-10)Joseph Patrick Kennedy II (Democrat, MA-8)John Joseph Moakley (Democrat, MA-9)Martin T. Meehan (Democrat, MA-5)Barney Frank (Democrat, MA-4)John W. Olver (Democrat, MA-1)Edward J. Markey (Democrat, MA-7)Richard E. Neal (Democrat, MA-2)Albert Russell Wynn (Democrat, MD-4)Benjamin L. Cardin (Democrat, MD-3)Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat, MD-5)Elijah E. Cummings (Democrat, MD-7)John Baldacci (Democrat, ME-2)Barbara-Rose Collins (Democrat, MI-15)James A. Barcia (Democrat, MI-5)David E. Bonior (Democrat, MI-10)Lynn Rivers (Democrat, MI-13)Bart T. Stupak (Democrat, MI-1)Dale E. Kildee (Democrat, MI-9)John D. Dingell (Democrat, MI-16)John Conyers, Jr. (Democrat, MI-14)Sander M. Levin (Democrat, MI-12)David Minge (Democrat, MN-2)Bruce F. Vento (Democrat, MN-4)William Luther (Democrat, MN-6)Martin Olav Sabo (Democrat, MN-5)James L. Oberstar (Democrat, MN-8)Collin C. Peterson (Democrat, MN-7)Harold Lee Volkmer (Democrat, MO-9)William Lacy Clay Sr. (Democrat, MO-1)Pat Danner (Democrat, MO-6)Richard Andrew Gephardt (Democrat, MO-3)Karen McCarthy (Democrat, MO-5)Ike Skelton (Democrat, MO-4)Gillespie V. Montgomery (Democrat, MS-3)Gene Taylor (Democrat, MS-5)Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat, MS-2)John Patrick Williams (Democrat, MT-1)Charles Grandison Rose III (Democrat, NC-7)Willie Gathrel Hefner (Democrat, NC-8)Eva Clayton (Democrat, NC-1)Melvin L. Watt (Democrat, NC-12)Earl Ralph Pomeroy (Democrat, ND-AL)Robert Torricelli (Democrat, NJ-9)Donald M. Payne (Democrat, NJ-10)Robert E. Andrews (Democrat, NJ-1)Robert Menendez (Democrat, NJ-13)Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat, NJ-6)William Blaine Richardson (Democrat, NM-3)Floyd Harold Flake (Democrat, NY-6)Thomas J. Manton (Democrat, NY-7)John J. LaFalce (Democrat, NY-29)Major R. Owens (Democrat, NY-11)Michael R. McNulty (Democrat, NY-21)Gary L. Ackerman (Democrat, NY-5)Maurice D. Hinchey (Democrat, NY-26)Edolphus Towns (Democrat, NY-10)Charles B. Rangel (Democrat, NY-15)Louise McIntosh Slaughter (Democrat, NY-28)Eliot L. Engel (Democrat, NY-17)Nita M. Lowey (Democrat, NY-18)José E. Serrano (Democrat, NY-16)Carolyn B. Maloney (Democrat, NY-14)Jerrold Nadler (Democrat, NY-8)Charles E. Schumer (Democrat, NY-9)Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat, NY-12)Louis Stokes (Democrat, OH-11)Tony P. Hall (Democrat, OH-3)Thomas C. Sawyer (Democrat, OH-14)James A. Traficant Jr. (Democrat, OH-17)Sherrod Brown (Democrat, OH-13)Marcy Kaptur (Democrat, OH-9)William K. Brewster (Democrat, OK-3)Elizabeth Furse (Democrat, OR-1)Peter A. DeFazio (Democrat, OR-4)Earl Blumenauer (Democrat, OR-3)Thomas Michael Foglietta (Democrat, PA-1)Paul F. McHale Jr. (Democrat, PA-15)Ron Klink (Democrat, PA-4)Robert A. Borski (Democrat, PA-3)William J. Coyne (Democrat, PA-14)Frank Mascara (Democrat, PA-20)Paul E. Kanjorski (Democrat, PA-11)John P. Murtha (Democrat, PA-12)Tim Holden (Democrat, PA-6)Chaka Fattah (Democrat, PA-2)Michael F. Doyle (Democrat, PA-18)Patrick Joseph Kennedy (Democrat, RI-1)Jack Reed (Democrat, RI-2)John McKee Spratt Jr. (Democrat, SC-5)James E. Clyburn (Democrat, SC-6)Tim Johnson (Democrat, SD-AL)Harold Eugene Ford (Democrat, TN-9)Robert Clement (Democrat, TN-5)Barton Jennings Gordon (Democrat, TN-6)John S. Tanner (Democrat, TN-8)John Wiley Bryant (Democrat, TX-5)Jim Chapman (Democrat, TX-1)Ronald D’Emory Coleman (Democrat, TX-16)Preston M. Geren (Democrat, TX-12)Charles Wilson (Democrat, TX-2)Eligio II de la Garza (Democrat, TX-15)Henry Barbosa González (Democrat, TX-20)Frank Mariano Tejeda (Democrat, TX-28)Ken Bentsen (Democrat, TX-25)Jonas Frost III (Democrat, TX-24)Charles W. Stenholm (Democrat, TX-17)Thomas Edwards (Democrat, TX-11)Solomon P. Ortiz (Democrat, TX-27)Ralph M. Hall (Democrat, TX-4)Gene Green (Democrat, TX-29)Eddie Bernice Johnson (Democrat, TX-30)Sheila Jackson Lee (Democrat, TX-18)Lloyd Doggett (Democrat, TX-10)William Orton (Democrat, UT-3)Lewis Franklin Payne Jr. (Democrat, VA-5)Owen B. Pickett (Democrat, VA-2)Norman Sisisky (Democrat, VA-4)Frederick C. Boucher (Democrat, VA-9)James P. Moran (Democrat, VA-8)Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat, VA-3)Norman D. Dicks (Democrat, WA-6)Jim McDermott (Democrat, WA-7)Thomas M. Barrett (Democrat, WI-5)Gerald D. Kleczka (Democrat, WI-4)David Ross Obey (Democrat, WI-7)Robert E. Wise Jr. (Democrat, WV-2)Alan B. Mollohan (Democrat, WV-1)Nick J. Rahall II (Democrat, WV-3)Bernard Sanders (Independent, VT-AL)Don Young (Republican, AK-AL)H. L. Callahan (Republican, AL-1)Terry Everett (Republican, AL-2)Spencer Bachus (Republican, AL-6)Tim Hutchinson (Republican, AR-3)Jay Dickey (Republican, AR-4)Robert Stump (Republican, AZ-3)John D. Hayworth Jr. (Republican, AZ-6)James T. Kolbe (Republican, AZ-5)John B. Shadegg (Republican, AZ-4)Matt Salmon (Republican, AZ-1)William P. Baker (Republican, CA-10)Robert Kenneth Dornan (Republican, CA-46)Carlos John Moorhead (Republican, CA-27)Andrea Seastrand (Republican, CA-22)Sonny Bono (Republican, CA-44)Jay Kim (Republican, CA-41)Frank D. Riggs (Republican, CA-1)Ron Packard (Republican, CA-48)Stephen Horn (Republican, CA-38)C. Christopher Cox (Republican, CA-47)Randall H. Cunningham (Republican, CA-51)Richard W. Pombo (Republican, CA-11)William M. Thomas (Republican, CA-21)John T. Doolittle (Republican, CA-4)Duncan L. Hunter (Republican, CA-52)George P. Radanovich (Republican, CA-19)Brian P. Bilbray (Republican, CA-49)David Dreier (Republican, CA-28)Elton Gallegly (Republican, CA-23)Wally Herger (Republican, CA-2)Jerry Lewis (Republican, CA-40)Howard P. "Buck" McKeon (Republican, CA-25)Dana Rohrabacher (Republican, CA-45)Edward R. Royce (Republican, CA-39)Ken Calvert (Republican, CA-43)Tom Campbell (Republican, CA-15)Daniel Schaefer (Republican, CO-6)Wayne A. Allard (Republican, CO-4)Scott McInnis (Republican, CO-3)Joel Hefley (Republican, CO-5)Gary A. Franks (Republican, CT-5)Nancy Lee Johnson (Republican, CT-6)Christopher H. Shays (Republican, CT-4)Michael N. Castle (Republican, DE-AL)Charles T. Canady (Republican, FL-12)Tillie K. Fowler (Republican, FL-4)Bill McCollum (Republican, FL-8)Dan Miller (Republican, FL-13)Joe Scarborough (Republican, FL-1)Porter J. Goss (Republican, FL-14)Michael Bilirakis (Republican, FL-9)Mark Adam Foley (Republican, FL-16)E. Clay Shaw Jr. (Republican, FL-22)David J. Weldon Jr. (Republican, FL-15)Lincoln Diaz-Balart (Republican, FL-21)Cliff Stearns (Republican, FL-6)C. W. Bill Young (Republican, FL-10)John L. Mica (Republican, FL-7)Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (Republican, FL-18)Newton Leroy Gingrich (Republican, GA-6)Bob Barr (Republican, GA-7)Michael Allen Collins (Republican, GA-3)Charles W. Norwood Jr. (Republican, GA-10)John Linder (Republican, GA-4)Saxby Chambliss (Republican, GA-8)Jack Kingston (Republican, GA-1)Nathan Deal (Republican, GA-9)James Ross Lightfoot (Republican, IA-3)Greg Ganske (Republican, IA-4)James A. Leach (Republican, IA-1)James Allen Nussle (Republican, IA-2)Tom Latham (Republican, IA-5)Helen Chenoweth-Hage (Republican, ID-1)Mike Crapo (Republican, ID-2)Michael P. Flanagan (Republican, IL-5)Harris W. Fawell (Republican, IL-13)Thomas W. Ewing (Republican, IL-15)John Edward Porter (Republican, IL-10)Philip M. Crane (Republican, IL-8)Henry John Hyde (Republican, IL-6)J. Dennis Hastert (Republican, IL-14)Ray H. LaHood (Republican, IL-18)Gerald C. Weller (Republican, IL-11)Donald A. Manzullo (Republican, IL-16)John Thomas Myers (Republican, IN-7)David M. McIntosh (Republican, IN-2)John Nathan Hostettler (Republican, IN-8)Stephen E. Buyer (Republican, IN-5)Mark Edward Souder (Republican, IN-4)Dan Burton (Republican, IN-6)Jan Meyers (Republican, KS-3)Todd Tiahrt (Republican, KS-4)Pat Roberts (Republican, KS-1)Jim R. Ryun (Republican, KS-2)Jim Bunning (Republican, KY-4)Ron Lewis (Republican, KY-2)Ed Whitfield (Republican, KY-1)Harold Rogers (Republican, KY-5)Robert Linligthgow Livingston Jr. (Republican, LA-1)Richard Hugh Baker (Republican, LA-6)James O. McCrery III (Republican, LA-5)William J. Tauzin (Republican, LA-3)James Allison Hayes (Republican, LA-7)Peter I. Blute (Republican, MA-3)Peter Gerard Torkildsen (Republican, MA-6)Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. (Republican, MD-2)Constance Morella (Republican, MD-8)Wayne T. Gilchrest (Republican, MD-1)Roscoe G. Bartlett (Republican, MD-6)James Longley (Republican, ME-1)Dick Chrysler (Republican, MI-8)Nick Smith (Republican, MI-7)Joseph K. Knollenberg (Republican, MI-11)Vernon J. Ehlers (Republican, MI-3)Peter Hoekstra (Republican, MI-2)Dave Camp (Republican, MI-4)Fred Upton (Republican, MI-6)Gilbert W. Gutknecht (Republican, MN-1)James M. Ramstad (Republican, MN-3)Melton D. Hancock (Republican, MO-7)James M. Talent (Republican, MO-2)Roger F. Wicker (Republican, MS-1)Michael Parker (Republican, MS-4)David Funderburk (Republican, NC-2)Fred Heineman (Republican, NC-4)Cass Ballenger (Republican, NC-10)Charles H. Taylor (Republican, NC-11)Sue Wilkins Myrick (Republican, NC-9)Howard Coble (Republican, NC-6)Walter B. Jones (Republican, NC-3)Richard Burr (Republican, NC-5)Jon Lynn Christensen (Republican, NE-2)Bill Barrett (Republican, NE-3)Douglas K. Bereuter (Republican, NE-1)William H. Zeliff Jr. (Republican, NH-1)Charles F. Bass (Republican, NH-2)William J. Martini (Republican, NJ-8)Richard Zimmer (Republican, NJ-12)Bob Franks (Republican, NJ-7)Marge Roukema (Republican, NJ-5)H. James Saxton (Republican, NJ-3)Rodney P. Frelinghuysen (Republican, NJ-11)Frank A. LoBiondo (Republican, NJ-2)Christopher H. Smith (Republican, NJ-4)Steven Harvey Schiff (Republican, NM-1)Joseph Skeen (Republican, NM-2)Barbara Farrell Vucanovich (Republican, NV-2)John Eric Ensign (Republican, NV-1)Dan Frisa (Republican, NY-4)Susan Molinari (Republican, NY-13)L. William Paxon (Republican, NY-27)Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon (Republican, NY-22)Michael P. Forbes (Republican, NY-1)Rick A. Lazio (Republican, NY-2)Benjamin Gilman (Republican, NY-20)Amory Houghton Jr. (Republican, NY-31)Jack Quinn (Republican, NY-30)Sherwood L. Boehlert (Republican, NY-23)Sue W. Kelly (Republican, NY-19)James T. Walsh (Republican, NY-25)John M. McHugh (Republican, NY-24)Peter T. King (Republican, NY-3)Frank Cremeans (Republican, OH-6)Martin R. Hoke (Republican, OH-10)John R. Kasich (Republican, OH-12)Robert William Ney (Republican, OH-18)Michael G. Oxley (Republican, OH-4)Paul E. Gillmor (Republican, OH-5)David Lee Hobson (Republican, OH-7)Deborah D. Pryce (Republican, OH-15)Ralph Regula (Republican, OH-16)Steven C. LaTourette (Republican, OH-19)John A. Boehner (Republican, OH-8)Steve Chabot (Republican, OH-1)Rob Portman (Republican, OH-2)Steve Largent (Republican, OK-1)J.C. Watts (Republican, OK-4)Ernest J. Istook Jr. (Republican, OK-5)Tom Coburn (Republican, OK-2)Frank D. Lucas (Republican, OK-6)Jim Bunn (Republican, OR-5)Wes Cooley (Republican, OR-2)William Floyd Clinger Jr. (Republican, PA-5)Robert Smith Walker (Republican, PA-16)Jon D. Fox (Republican, PA-13)Joseph Michael McDade (Republican, PA-10)William F. Goodling (Republican, PA-19)George W. Gekas (Republican, PA-17)Elmer Greinert Shuster (Republican, PA-9)James C. Greenwood (Republican, PA-8)W. Curtis Weldon (Republican, PA-7)Philip English (Republican, PA-21)Floyd Spence (Republican, SC-2)Bob Inglis (Republican, SC-4)Mark Sanford (Republican, SC-1)Lindsey Graham (Republican, SC-3)James Henry Quillen (Republican, TN-1)Ed Bryant (Republican, TN-7)Van Hilleary (Republican, TN-4)Zach Wamp (Republican, TN-3)John J. Duncan, Jr. (Republican, TN-2)Jack Milton Fields Jr. (Republican, TX-8)Bill Archer (Republican, TX-7)Richard K. Armey (Republican, TX-26)Larry Combest (Republican, TX-19)Henry Bonilla (Republican, TX-23)Thomas Dale DeLay (Republican, TX-22)Steve Stockman (Republican, TX-9)Joe Barton (Republican, TX-6)Sam Johnson (Republican, TX-3)Lamar Smith (Republican, TX-21)Mac Thornberry (Republican, TX-13)Gregory H. Laughlin (Republican, TX-14)Enid Greene Waldholtz (Republican, UT-2)James V. Hansen (Republican, UT-1)Herbert H. Bateman (Republican, VA-1)Tom Bliley (Republican, VA-7)Thomas M. Davis III (Republican, VA-11)Frank R. Wolf (Republican, VA-10)Bob Goodlatte (Republican, VA-6)Randy J. Tate (Republican, WA-9)Linda Smith (Republican, WA-3)Richard Alan White (Republican, WA-1)Jack Metcalf (Republican, WA-2)Jennifer B. Dunn (Republican, WA-8)George R. Nethercutt Jr. (Republican, WA-5)Doc Hastings (Republican, WA-4)Steven Craig Gunderson (Republican, WI-3)Toby A. Roth (Republican, WI-8)Scott L. Klug (Republican, WI-2)Mark W. Neumann (Republican, WI-1)Thomas E. Petri (Republican, WI-6)F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr. (Republican, WI-9)Barbara L. Cubin (Republican, WY-AL)
Jan 2, 1999 · 228 R · 206 D · 1 I
Earl F. Hilliard (Democrat, AL-7)Robert E. Cramer Jr. (Democrat, AL-5)Robert Marion Berry (Democrat, AR-1)Victor F. Snyder (Democrat, AR-2)Ed Pastor (Democrat, AZ-2)Victor Herbert Fazio Jr. (Democrat, CA-3)Esteban Edward Torres (Democrat, CA-34)George E. Brown Jr. (Democrat, CA-42)Julian C. Dixon (Democrat, CA-32)Matthew G. Martínez (Democrat, CA-31)Gary Condit (Democrat, CA-18)Calvin M. Dooley (Democrat, CA-20)Robert T. Matsui (Democrat, CA-5)Tom Lantos (Democrat, CA-12)Juanita Millender-McDonald (Democrat, CA-37)Ellen O. Tauscher (Democrat, CA-10)Jane Harman (Democrat, CA-36)Bob Filner (Democrat, CA-50)Howard L. Berman (Democrat, CA-26)Fortney Pete Stark (Democrat, CA-13)Lynn C. Woolsey (Democrat, CA-6)George Miller (Democrat, CA-7)Henry A. Waxman (Democrat, CA-29)Sam Farr (Democrat, CA-17)Loretta Sanchez (Democrat, CA-46)Xavier Becerra (Democrat, CA-30)Lucille Roybal-Allard (Democrat, CA-33)Anna G. Eshoo (Democrat, CA-14)Zoe Lofgren (Democrat, CA-16)Nancy Pelosi (Democrat, CA-8)Brad Sherman (Democrat, CA-24)Maxine Waters (Democrat, CA-35)Lois Capps (Democrat, CA-22)Barbara Lee (Democrat, CA-9)David Evans Skaggs (Democrat, CO-2)Diana DeGette (Democrat, CO-1)Barbara Bailey Kennelly (Democrat, CT-1)Sam Gejdenson (Democrat, CT-2)James Maloney (Democrat, CT-5)Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat, CT-3)Carrie Meek (Democrat, FL-17)Karen Thurman (Democrat, FL-5)Peter Deutsch (Democrat, FL-20)James Davis (Democrat, FL-11)Allen Boyd Jr. (Democrat, FL-2)Robert Wexler (Democrat, FL-19)Corrine Brown (Democrat, FL-3)Alcee L. Hastings (Democrat, FL-23)Cynthia McKinney (Democrat, GA-4)John Lewis (Democrat, GA-5)Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat, GA-2)Patsy Takemoto Mink (Democrat, HI-2)Neil Abercrombie (Democrat, HI-1)Leonard L. Boswell (Democrat, IA-3)Glenn Poshard (Democrat, IL-19)Sidney Richard Yates (Democrat, IL-9)Rod Blagojevich (Democrat, IL-5)William O. Lipinski (Democrat, IL-3)Lane A. Evans (Democrat, IL-17)Jesse L. Jackson Jr. (Democrat, IL-2)Jerry F. Costello (Democrat, IL-12)Luis V. Gutiérrez (Democrat, IL-4)Bobby L. Rush (Democrat, IL-1)Danny K. Davis (Democrat, IL-7)Lee Herbert Hamilton (Democrat, IN-9)Timothy Roemer (Democrat, IN-3)Julia M. Carson (Democrat, IN-10)Peter J. Visclosky (Democrat, IN-1)Henry Scott Baesler (Democrat, KY-6)Christopher John (Democrat, LA-7)William J. Jefferson (Democrat, LA-2)Joseph Patrick Kennedy II (Democrat, MA-8)John Joseph Moakley (Democrat, MA-9)Martin T. Meehan (Democrat, MA-5)William D. Delahunt (Democrat, MA-10)Barney Frank (Democrat, MA-4)John W. Olver (Democrat, MA-1)John F. Tierney (Democrat, MA-6)Edward J. Markey (Democrat, MA-7)James P. McGovern (Democrat, MA-3)Richard E. Neal (Democrat, MA-2)Albert Russell Wynn (Democrat, MD-4)Elijah E. Cummings (Democrat, MD-7)Benjamin L. Cardin (Democrat, MD-3)Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat, MD-5)John Baldacci (Democrat, ME-2)Thomas H. Allen (Democrat, ME-1)James A. Barcia (Democrat, MI-5)David E. Bonior (Democrat, MI-10)Lynn Rivers (Democrat, MI-13)Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (Democrat, MI-15)Bart T. Stupak (Democrat, MI-1)Dale E. Kildee (Democrat, MI-9)John D. Dingell (Democrat, MI-16)John Conyers, Jr. (Democrat, MI-14)Sander M. Levin (Democrat, MI-12)Debbie Stabenow (Democrat, MI-8)David Minge (Democrat, MN-2)Bruce F. Vento (Democrat, MN-4)William Luther (Democrat, MN-6)Martin Olav Sabo (Democrat, MN-5)James L. Oberstar (Democrat, MN-8)Collin C. Peterson (Democrat, MN-7)William Lacy Clay Sr. (Democrat, MO-1)Pat Danner (Democrat, MO-6)Richard Andrew Gephardt (Democrat, MO-3)Karen McCarthy (Democrat, MO-5)Ike Skelton (Democrat, MO-4)Gene Taylor (Democrat, MS-5)Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat, MS-2)Willie Gathrel Hefner (Democrat, NC-8)Eva Clayton (Democrat, NC-1)Bob R. Etheridge (Democrat, NC-2)Melvin L. Watt (Democrat, NC-12)Mike McIntyre (Democrat, NC-7)David E. Price (Democrat, NC-4)Earl Ralph Pomeroy (Democrat, ND-AL)Donald M. Payne (Democrat, NJ-10)Steven R. Rothman (Democrat, NJ-9)Robert E. Andrews (Democrat, NJ-1)Bill Pascrell, Jr. (Democrat, NJ-8)Robert Menendez (Democrat, NJ-13)Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat, NJ-6)Thomas J. Manton (Democrat, NY-7)John J. LaFalce (Democrat, NY-29)Major R. Owens (Democrat, NY-11)Michael R. McNulty (Democrat, NY-21)Gary L. Ackerman (Democrat, NY-5)Maurice D. Hinchey (Democrat, NY-26)Edolphus Towns (Democrat, NY-10)Carolyn McCarthy (Democrat, NY-4)Charles B. Rangel (Democrat, NY-15)Louise McIntosh Slaughter (Democrat, NY-28)Eliot L. Engel (Democrat, NY-17)Nita M. Lowey (Democrat, NY-18)José E. Serrano (Democrat, NY-16)Carolyn B. Maloney (Democrat, NY-14)Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat, NY-6)Jerrold Nadler (Democrat, NY-8)Charles E. Schumer (Democrat, NY-9)Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat, NY-12)Louis Stokes (Democrat, OH-11)Tony P. Hall (Democrat, OH-3)Thomas C. Sawyer (Democrat, OH-14)James A. Traficant Jr. (Democrat, OH-17)Ted Strickland (Democrat, OH-6)Dennis J. Kucinich (Democrat, OH-10)Sherrod Brown (Democrat, OH-13)Marcy Kaptur (Democrat, OH-9)Elizabeth Furse (Democrat, OR-1)Darlene Hooley (Democrat, OR-5)Peter A. DeFazio (Democrat, OR-4)Earl Blumenauer (Democrat, OR-3)Paul F. McHale Jr. (Democrat, PA-15)Ron Klink (Democrat, PA-4)Robert A. Borski (Democrat, PA-3)William J. Coyne (Democrat, PA-14)Frank Mascara (Democrat, PA-20)Paul E. Kanjorski (Democrat, PA-11)John P. Murtha (Democrat, PA-12)Tim Holden (Democrat, PA-6)Chaka Fattah (Democrat, PA-2)Michael F. Doyle (Democrat, PA-18)Robert A. Brady (Democrat, PA-1)Robert A. Weygand (Democrat, RI-2)Patrick Joseph Kennedy (Democrat, RI-1)John McKee Spratt Jr. (Democrat, SC-5)James E. Clyburn (Democrat, SC-6)Robert Clement (Democrat, TN-5)Harold E. Ford Jr. (Democrat, TN-9)Barton Jennings Gordon (Democrat, TN-6)John S. Tanner (Democrat, TN-8)Henry Barbosa González (Democrat, TX-20)Ken Bentsen (Democrat, TX-25)Jonas Frost III (Democrat, TX-24)Max A. Sandlin Jr. (Democrat, TX-1)Charles W. Stenholm (Democrat, TX-17)James Turner (Democrat, TX-2)Nicholas V. Lampson (Democrat, TX-9)Thomas Edwards (Democrat, TX-11)Solomon P. Ortiz (Democrat, TX-27)Silvestre Reyes (Democrat, TX-16)Ralph M. Hall (Democrat, TX-4)Rubén Hinojosa (Democrat, TX-15)Gene Green (Democrat, TX-29)Eddie Bernice Johnson (Democrat, TX-30)Sheila Jackson Lee (Democrat, TX-18)Lloyd Doggett (Democrat, TX-10)Ciro D. Rodriguez (Democrat, TX-28)Owen B. Pickett (Democrat, VA-2)Norman Sisisky (Democrat, VA-4)Virgil H. Goode Jr. (Democrat, VA-5)Frederick C. Boucher (Democrat, VA-9)James P. Moran (Democrat, VA-8)Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat, VA-3)Norman D. Dicks (Democrat, WA-6)Jim McDermott (Democrat, WA-7)Adam Smith (Democrat, WA-9)Jay W. Johnson (Democrat, WI-8)Thomas M. Barrett (Democrat, WI-5)Gerald D. Kleczka (Democrat, WI-4)David Ross Obey (Democrat, WI-7)Ron Kind (Democrat, WI-3)Robert E. Wise Jr. (Democrat, WV-2)Alan B. Mollohan (Democrat, WV-1)Nick J. Rahall II (Democrat, WV-3)Bernard Sanders (Independent, VT-AL)Don Young (Republican, AK-AL)H. L. Callahan (Republican, AL-1)Bob Riley (Republican, AL-3)Terry Everett (Republican, AL-2)Spencer Bachus (Republican, AL-6)Robert B. Aderholt (Republican, AL-4)Jay Dickey (Republican, AR-4)Asa Hutchinson (Republican, AR-3)Robert Stump (Republican, AZ-3)John D. Hayworth Jr. (Republican, AZ-6)James T. Kolbe (Republican, AZ-5)John B. Shadegg (Republican, AZ-4)Matt Salmon (Republican, AZ-1)Jay Kim (Republican, CA-41)Frank D. Riggs (Republican, CA-1)Tom Campbell (Republican, CA-15)Ron Packard (Republican, CA-48)James E. Rogan (Republican, CA-27)Stephen Horn (Republican, CA-38)C. Christopher Cox (Republican, CA-47)Randall H. Cunningham (Republican, CA-51)Richard W. Pombo (Republican, CA-11)William M. Thomas (Republican, CA-21)John T. Doolittle (Republican, CA-4)Duncan L. Hunter (Republican, CA-52)George P. Radanovich (Republican, CA-19)Brian P. Bilbray (Republican, CA-49)David Dreier (Republican, CA-28)Elton Gallegly (Republican, CA-23)Wally Herger (Republican, CA-2)Jerry Lewis (Republican, CA-40)Howard P. "Buck" McKeon (Republican, CA-25)Dana Rohrabacher (Republican, CA-45)Edward R. Royce (Republican, CA-39)Ken Calvert (Republican, CA-43)Mary Bono Mack (Republican, CA-44)Daniel Schaefer (Republican, CO-6)Bob Schaffer (Republican, CO-4)Scott McInnis (Republican, CO-3)Joel Hefley (Republican, CO-5)Nancy Lee Johnson (Republican, CT-6)Christopher H. Shays (Republican, CT-4)Michael N. Castle (Republican, DE-AL)Charles T. Canady (Republican, FL-12)Tillie K. Fowler (Republican, FL-4)Bill McCollum (Republican, FL-8)Dan Miller (Republican, FL-13)Joe Scarborough (Republican, FL-1)Porter J. Goss (Republican, FL-14)Michael Bilirakis (Republican, FL-9)Mark Adam Foley (Republican, FL-16)E. Clay Shaw Jr. (Republican, FL-22)David J. Weldon Jr. (Republican, FL-15)Lincoln Diaz-Balart (Republican, FL-21)Cliff Stearns (Republican, FL-6)C. W. Bill Young (Republican, FL-10)John L. Mica (Republican, FL-7)Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (Republican, FL-18)Newton Leroy Gingrich (Republican, GA-6)Bob Barr (Republican, GA-7)Michael Allen Collins (Republican, GA-3)Charles W. Norwood Jr. (Republican, GA-10)Nathan Deal (Republican, GA-9)John Linder (Republican, GA-11)Saxby Chambliss (Republican, GA-8)Jack Kingston (Republican, GA-1)Greg Ganske (Republican, IA-4)James A. Leach (Republican, IA-1)James Allen Nussle (Republican, IA-2)Tom Latham (Republican, IA-5)Helen Chenoweth-Hage (Republican, ID-1)Mike Crapo (Republican, ID-2)Harris W. Fawell (Republican, IL-13)Thomas W. Ewing (Republican, IL-15)John Edward Porter (Republican, IL-10)Philip M. Crane (Republican, IL-8)Henry John Hyde (Republican, IL-6)J. Dennis Hastert (Republican, IL-14)Ray H. LaHood (Republican, IL-18)Gerald C. Weller (Republican, IL-11)Donald A. Manzullo (Republican, IL-16)John Shimkus (Republican, IL-20)David M. McIntosh (Republican, IN-2)Edward A. Pease (Republican, IN-7)John Nathan Hostettler (Republican, IN-8)Stephen E. Buyer (Republican, IN-5)Mark Edward Souder (Republican, IN-4)Dan Burton (Republican, IN-6)Vincent K. Snowbarger (Republican, KS-3)Jim R. Ryun (Republican, KS-2)Todd Tiahrt (Republican, KS-4)Jerry Moran (Republican, KS-1)Jim Bunning (Republican, KY-4)Anne Meagher Northup (Republican, KY-3)Ron Lewis (Republican, KY-2)Ed Whitfield (Republican, KY-1)Harold Rogers (Republican, KY-5)Robert Linligthgow Livingston Jr. (Republican, LA-1)John Cooksey (Republican, LA-5)William J. Tauzin (Republican, LA-3)Richard Hugh Baker (Republican, LA-6)James O. McCrery III (Republican, LA-4)Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. (Republican, MD-2)Constance Morella (Republican, MD-8)Wayne T. Gilchrest (Republican, MD-1)Roscoe G. Bartlett (Republican, MD-6)Nick Smith (Republican, MI-7)Joseph K. Knollenberg (Republican, MI-11)Vernon J. Ehlers (Republican, MI-3)Peter Hoekstra (Republican, MI-2)Dave Camp (Republican, MI-4)Fred Upton (Republican, MI-6)Gilbert W. Gutknecht (Republican, MN-1)James M. Ramstad (Republican, MN-3)James M. Talent (Republican, MO-2)Kenny C. Hulshof (Republican, MO-9)Roy Blunt (Republican, MO-7)Jo Ann Emerson (Republican, MO-8)Michael Parker (Republican, MS-4)Charles W. Pickering Jr. (Republican, MS-3)Roger F. Wicker (Republican, MS-1)Rick Hill (Republican, MT-AL)Cass Ballenger (Republican, NC-10)Charles H. Taylor (Republican, NC-11)Sue Wilkins Myrick (Republican, NC-9)Howard Coble (Republican, NC-6)Walter B. Jones (Republican, NC-3)Richard Burr (Republican, NC-5)Jon Lynn Christensen (Republican, NE-2)Bill Barrett (Republican, NE-3)Douglas K. Bereuter (Republican, NE-1)John E. Sununu (Republican, NH-1)Charles F. Bass (Republican, NH-2)Michael James Pappas (Republican, NJ-12)Bob Franks (Republican, NJ-7)Marge Roukema (Republican, NJ-5)H. James Saxton (Republican, NJ-3)Rodney P. Frelinghuysen (Republican, NJ-11)Frank A. LoBiondo (Republican, NJ-2)Christopher H. Smith (Republican, NJ-4)Joseph Skeen (Republican, NM-2)William Thomas Redmond (Republican, NM-3)Heather A. Wilson (Republican, NM-1)James A. Gibbons (Republican, NV-2)John Eric Ensign (Republican, NV-1)L. William Paxon (Republican, NY-27)Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon (Republican, NY-22)Michael P. Forbes (Republican, NY-1)Rick A. Lazio (Republican, NY-2)Benjamin Gilman (Republican, NY-20)Amory Houghton Jr. (Republican, NY-31)Jack Quinn (Republican, NY-30)Sherwood L. Boehlert (Republican, NY-23)Sue W. Kelly (Republican, NY-19)James T. Walsh (Republican, NY-25)John M. McHugh (Republican, NY-24)Peter T. King (Republican, NY-3)Vito J. Fossella Jr. (Republican, NY-13)John R. Kasich (Republican, OH-12)Robert William Ney (Republican, OH-18)Michael G. Oxley (Republican, OH-4)Paul E. Gillmor (Republican, OH-5)David Lee Hobson (Republican, OH-7)Deborah D. Pryce (Republican, OH-15)Ralph Regula (Republican, OH-16)Steven C. LaTourette (Republican, OH-19)John A. Boehner (Republican, OH-8)Steve Chabot (Republican, OH-1)Rob Portman (Republican, OH-2)Steve Largent (Republican, OK-1)Wes Watkins (Republican, OK-3)J.C. Watts (Republican, OK-4)Ernest J. Istook Jr. (Republican, OK-5)Tom Coburn (Republican, OK-2)Frank D. Lucas (Republican, OK-6)Robert Freeman Smith (Republican, OR-2)Jon D. Fox (Republican, PA-13)Joseph Michael McDade (Republican, PA-10)William F. Goodling (Republican, PA-19)George W. Gekas (Republican, PA-17)Elmer Greinert Shuster (Republican, PA-9)James C. Greenwood (Republican, PA-8)W. Curtis Weldon (Republican, PA-7)Philip English (Republican, PA-21)John E. Peterson (Republican, PA-5)Joseph R. Pitts (Republican, PA-16)Floyd Spence (Republican, SC-2)Bob Inglis (Republican, SC-4)Mark Sanford (Republican, SC-1)Lindsey Graham (Republican, SC-3)John Thune (Republican, SD-AL)Ed Bryant (Republican, TN-7)Van Hilleary (Republican, TN-4)William Lewis Jenkins (Republican, TN-1)Zach Wamp (Republican, TN-3)John J. Duncan, Jr. (Republican, TN-2)Bill Archer (Republican, TX-7)Richard K. Armey (Republican, TX-26)Larry Combest (Republican, TX-19)Henry Bonilla (Republican, TX-23)Thomas Dale DeLay (Republican, TX-22)Ron Paul (Republican, TX-14)Joe Barton (Republican, TX-6)Sam Johnson (Republican, TX-3)Lamar Smith (Republican, TX-21)Mac Thornberry (Republican, TX-13)Kevin Brady (Republican, TX-8)Kay Granger (Republican, TX-12)Pete Sessions (Republican, TX-5)Merrill Cook (Republican, UT-2)James V. Hansen (Republican, UT-1)Christopher B. Cannon (Republican, UT-3)Herbert H. Bateman (Republican, VA-1)Tom Bliley (Republican, VA-7)Thomas M. Davis III (Republican, VA-11)Frank R. Wolf (Republican, VA-10)Bob Goodlatte (Republican, VA-6)Linda Smith (Republican, WA-3)Richard Alan White (Republican, WA-1)Jack Metcalf (Republican, WA-2)Jennifer B. Dunn (Republican, WA-8)George R. Nethercutt Jr. (Republican, WA-5)Doc Hastings (Republican, WA-4)Scott L. Klug (Republican, WI-2)Mark W. Neumann (Republican, WI-1)Thomas E. Petri (Republican, WI-6)F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr. (Republican, WI-9)Barbara L. Cubin (Republican, WY-AL)
81 new members · 80 departed · 354 served on both dates · women 48 → 54 · median age 53 → 53
23 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alabama 4 D · 3 R
Alabama 2 D · 5 R
California 26 D · 26 R
California 29 D · 23 R
Connecticut 3 D · 3 R
Connecticut 4 D · 2 R
Iowa 0 D · 5 R
Iowa 1 D · 4 R
Kentucky 2 D · 4 R
Kentucky 1 D · 5 R
Massachusetts 8 D · 2 R
Massachusetts 10 D · 0 R
Maine 1 D · 1 R
Maine 2 D · 0 R
Michigan 9 D · 7 R
Michigan 10 D · 6 R
Missouri 6 D · 2 R
Missouri 5 D · 4 R
Mississippi 3 D · 2 R
Mississippi 2 D · 3 R
Montana 1 D · 0 R
Montana 0 D · 1 R
North Carolina 4 D · 8 R
North Carolina 6 D · 6 R
New Jersey 5 D · 8 R
New Jersey 6 D · 7 R
New Mexico 1 D · 2 R
New Mexico 0 D · 3 R
New York 17 D · 14 R
New York 18 D · 13 R
Ohio 6 D · 13 R
Ohio 8 D · 11 R
Oklahoma 1 D · 5 R
Oklahoma 0 D · 6 R
Oregon 3 D · 2 R
Oregon 4 D · 1 R
South Dakota 1 D · 0 R
South Dakota 0 D · 1 R
Texas 18 D · 12 R
Texas 17 D · 13 R
Utah 1 D · 2 R
Utah 0 D · 3 R
Washington 2 D · 7 R
Washington 3 D · 6 R
Wisconsin 3 D · 6 R
Wisconsin 5 D · 4 R
Who joined and who left (81 in · 80 out)
Bob Riley R
Alabama-3
Robert B. Aderholt R
Alabama-4
Asa Hutchinson R
Arkansas-3
Robert Marion Berry D
Arkansas-1
Victor F. Snyder D
Arkansas-2
James E. Rogan R
California-27
Ellen O. Tauscher D
California-10
Loretta Sanchez D
California-46
Brad Sherman D
California-24
Lois Capps D
California-22
Mary Bono Mack R
California-44
Barbara Lee D
California-9
Bob Schaffer R
Colorado-4
Diana DeGette D
Colorado-1
James Maloney D
Connecticut-5
James Davis D
Florida-11
Allen Boyd Jr. D
Florida-2
Robert Wexler D
Florida-19
Leonard L. Boswell D
Iowa-3
Rod Blagojevich D
Illinois-5
John Shimkus R
Illinois-20
Danny K. Davis D
Illinois-7
Edward A. Pease R
Indiana-7
Julia M. Carson D
Indiana-10
Vincent K. Snowbarger R
Kansas-3
Jerry Moran R
Kansas-1
Anne Meagher Northup R
Kentucky-3
John Cooksey R
Louisiana-5
Christopher John D
Louisiana-7
William D. Delahunt D
Massachusetts-10
John F. Tierney D
Massachusetts-6
James P. McGovern D
Massachusetts-3
Thomas H. Allen D
Maine-1
Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick D
Michigan-15
Debbie Stabenow D
Michigan-8
Kenny C. Hulshof R
Missouri-9
Roy Blunt R
Missouri-7
Jo Ann Emerson R
Missouri-8
Charles W. Pickering Jr. R
Mississippi-3
Rick Hill R
Montana-AL
Bob R. Etheridge D
North Carolina-2
Mike McIntyre D
North Carolina-7
David E. Price D
North Carolina-4
John E. Sununu R
New Hampshire-1
Michael James Pappas R
New Jersey-12
Steven R. Rothman D
New Jersey-9
Bill Pascrell, Jr. D
New Jersey-8
William Thomas Redmond R
New Mexico-3
Heather A. Wilson R
New Mexico-1
James A. Gibbons R
Nevada-2
Carolyn McCarthy D
New York-4
Gregory W. Meeks D
New York-6
Vito J. Fossella Jr. R
New York-13
Ted Strickland D
Ohio-6
Dennis J. Kucinich D
Ohio-10
Wes Watkins R
Oklahoma-3
Robert Freeman Smith R
Oregon-2
Darlene Hooley D
Oregon-5
John E. Peterson R
Pennsylvania-5
Joseph R. Pitts R
Pennsylvania-16
Robert A. Brady D
Pennsylvania-1
Robert A. Weygand D
Rhode Island-2
John Thune R
South Dakota-AL
Harold E. Ford Jr. D
Tennessee-9
William Lewis Jenkins R
Tennessee-1
Max A. Sandlin Jr. D
Texas-1
James Turner D
Texas-2
Nicholas V. Lampson D
Texas-9
Ron Paul R
Texas-14
Silvestre Reyes D
Texas-16
Rubén Hinojosa D
Texas-15
Kevin Brady R
Texas-8
Kay Granger R
Texas-12
Pete Sessions R
Texas-5
Ciro D. Rodriguez D
Texas-28
Merrill Cook R
Utah-2
Christopher B. Cannon R
Utah-3
Virgil H. Goode Jr. D
Virginia-5
Adam Smith D
Washington-9
Jay W. Johnson D
Wisconsin-8
Ron Kind D
Wisconsin-3
Tom Bevill D
Alabama-4
John Glen Browder D
Alabama-3
Raymond Hoyt Thornton Jr. D
Arkansas-2
Tim Hutchinson R
Arkansas-3
Blanche Lambert Lincoln D
Arkansas-1
William P. Baker R
California-10
Anthony Charles Beilenson D
California-24
Robert Kenneth Dornan R
California-46
Carlos John Moorhead R
California-27
Andrea Seastrand R
California-22
Sonny Bono R
California-44
Ronald Vernie Dellums D
California-9
Patricia Scott Schroeder D
Colorado-1
Wayne A. Allard R
Colorado-4
Gary A. Franks R
Connecticut-5
Sam Melville Gibbons D
Florida-11
Harry A. Johnston II D
Florida-19
Douglas Brian Peterson D
Florida-2
James Ross Lightfoot R
Iowa-3
Cardiss Collins D
Illinois-7
Michael P. Flanagan R
Illinois-5
Richard J. Durbin D
Illinois-20
Andrew Jacobs Jr. D
Indiana-10
John Thomas Myers R
Indiana-7
Jan Meyers R
Kansas-3
Pat Roberts R
Kansas-1
Michael Delavan Ward D
Kentucky-3
Cleo Fields D
Louisiana-4
James Allison Hayes R
Louisiana-7
Peter I. Blute R
Massachusetts-3
Gerry Eastman Studds D
Massachusetts-10
Peter Gerard Torkildsen R
Massachusetts-6
James Longley R
Maine-1
Dick Chrysler R
Michigan-8
Barbara-Rose Collins D
Michigan-15
Melton D. Hancock R
Missouri-7
Harold Lee Volkmer D
Missouri-9
Gillespie V. Montgomery D
Mississippi-3
John Patrick Williams D
Montana-1
David Funderburk R
North Carolina-2
Fred Heineman R
North Carolina-4
Charles Grandison Rose III D
North Carolina-7
William H. Zeliff Jr. R
New Hampshire-1
William J. Martini R
New Jersey-8
Richard Zimmer R
New Jersey-12
Robert Torricelli D
New Jersey-9
William Blaine Richardson D
New Mexico-3
Steven Harvey Schiff R
New Mexico-1
Barbara Farrell Vucanovich R
Nevada-2
Dan Frisa R
New York-4
Floyd Harold Flake D
New York-6
Susan Molinari R
New York-13
Frank Cremeans R
Ohio-6
Martin R. Hoke R
Ohio-10
William K. Brewster D
Oklahoma-3
Jim Bunn R
Oregon-5
Wes Cooley R
Oregon-2
William Floyd Clinger Jr. R
Pennsylvania-5
Robert Smith Walker R
Pennsylvania-16
Thomas Michael Foglietta D
Pennsylvania-1
Jack Reed D
Rhode Island-2
Tim Johnson D
South Dakota-AL
Harold Eugene Ford D
Tennessee-9
James Henry Quillen R
Tennessee-1
John Wiley Bryant D
Texas-5
Jim Chapman D
Texas-1
Ronald D’Emory Coleman D
Texas-16
Jack Milton Fields Jr. R
Texas-8
Preston M. Geren D
Texas-12
Charles Wilson D
Texas-2
Eligio II de la Garza D
Texas-15
Frank Mariano Tejeda D
Texas-28
Steve Stockman R
Texas-9
Gregory H. Laughlin R
Texas-14
William Orton D
Utah-3
Enid Greene Waldholtz R
Utah-2
Lewis Franklin Payne Jr. D
Virginia-5
Randy J. Tate R
Washington-9
Steven Craig Gunderson R
Wisconsin-3
Toby A. Roth R
Wisconsin-8
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+394Congress.gov ↗
394 public laws enacted · 0 landmark · 217 notable · 144 routine · 33 ceremonial
Airport and Airway Trust Fund Tax Reinstatement Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-2 · Feb 28, 1997
Victim Rights Clarification Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-6 · Mar 19, 1997
District of Columbia Inspector General Improvement Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-7 · Mar 25, 1997
Oroville-Tonasket Claims Settlement and Conveyance Act
Pub. L. 105-9 · Apr 14, 1997
Assisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-12 · Apr 30, 1997
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997
Pub. L. 105-17 · Jun 4, 1997
1997 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Recovery from Natural Disasters, and for Overseas Peacekeeping Efforts, Including Those in Bosnia
Pub. L. 105-18 · Jun 12, 1997
Volunteer Protection Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-19 · Jun 18, 1997
Drug-Free Communities Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-20 · Jun 27, 1997
Riegle-Neal Amendments Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-24 · Jul 3, 1997
Show 30 more notable laws
Charitable Donation Antitrust Immunity Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-26 · Jul 3, 1997
Department of Energy Standardization Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-28 · Jul 18, 1997
Balanced Budget Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-33 · Aug 5, 1997
Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-34 · Aug 5, 1997
Taxpayer Browsing Protection Act
Pub. L. 105-35 · Aug 5, 1997
National Geologic Mapping Reauthorization Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-36 · Aug 5, 1997
New Mexico Statehood and Enabling Act Amendments of 1997
Pub. L. 105-37 · Aug 7, 1997
Warner Canyon Ski Hill Land Exchange Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-40 · Aug 11, 1997
Stamp Out Breast Cancer Act
Pub. L. 105-41 · Aug 13, 1997
International Dolphin Conservation Program Act
Pub. L. 105-42 · Aug 15, 1997
Need-Based Educational Aid Antitrust Protection Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-43 · Sep 17, 1997
Military Construction Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-45 · Sep 30, 1997
Religious Workers Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-54 · Oct 6, 1997
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-55 · Oct 7, 1997
Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-56 · Oct 8, 1997
National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-57 · Oct 9, 1997
Oklahoma City National Memorial Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-58 · Oct 9, 1997
Hood Bay Land Exchange Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-60 · Oct 10, 1997
Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-61 · Oct 10, 1997
Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-62 · Oct 13, 1997
Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-63 · Oct 22, 1997
Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-65 · Oct 27, 1997
Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-66 · Oct 27, 1997
Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-78 · Nov 13, 1997
Hoopa Valley Reservation South Boundary Adjustment Act
Pub. L. 105-79 · Nov 13, 1997
Marjory Stoneman Douglas Wilderness and Ernest F. Coe Visitor Center Designation Act
Pub. L. 105-82 · Nov 13, 1997
Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-83 · Nov 14, 1997
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998
Pub. L. 105-85 · Nov 18, 1997
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
Pub. L. 105-86 · Nov 18, 1997
Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997
Pub. L. 105-89 · Nov 19, 1997

Judicial3 files+280

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
±0Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 7 R · 2 D → 7 R · 2 D · every justice ↗
9 justices served on both dates
John Paul Stevens R
appointed by Gerald Ford · 1975
Sandra Day O'Connor R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1981
William Hubbs Rehnquist R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1986
Antonin Scalia R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1986
Anthony McLeod Kennedy R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1988
David Hackett Souter R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1990
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991
Ruth Bader Ginsburg D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1993
Stephen Gerald Breyer D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1994
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+102Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): 101 R · 51 D · 8 N( → 90 R · 68 D · 7 N(
District courts (active judges): 353 R · 230 D → 312 R · 293 D
William J. Clinton D appointed 102 judges
20 appeals · 80 district · 2 other
2 circuits flipped majority
Sixth Circuit 6 D · 7 R (R majority)
Sixth Circuit 8 D · 7 R (D majority)
Ninth Circuit 9 D · 11 R (R majority)
Ninth Circuit 13 D · 8 R (D majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+178Supreme Court Database ↗
178 argued decisions · 14 landmark
Babbitt v. Marvin K. Youpee, Sr.
519 U.S. 234 · Jan 21, 1997 · Decided 8–1 · Due Process · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Clinton v. Paula Corbin Jones
520 U.S. 681 · May 27, 1997 · Decided 9–0 · Economic Activity · Affirmed
Rachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton
521 U.S. 203 · Jun 23, 1997 · Decided 5–4 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
City of Boerne v. P. F. Flores
521 U.S. 507 · Jun 25, 1997 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union
521 U.S. 844 · Jun 26, 1997 · Decided 9–0 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Jay Printz v. United States
521 U.S. 898 · Jun 27, 1997 · Decided 5–4 · Federalism · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
State Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc.
522 U.S. 3 · Nov 4, 1997 · Decided 9–0 · Economic Activity · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Hudson v. United States
522 U.S. 93 · Dec 10, 1997 · Decided 9–0 · Criminal Procedure · Affirmed · Overruled precedent
C. Elvin Feltner, Jr. v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc.
523 U.S. 340 · Mar 31, 1998 · Decided 9–0 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. United States Shoe Corporation
523 U.S. 360 · Mar 31, 1998 · Decided 9–0 · Federal Taxation · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Show 4 more
Arnold F. Hohn v. United States
Jun 15, 1998 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
United States v. Hosep Krikor Bajakajian
Jun 22, 1998 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Clinton v. City of New York
Jun 25, 1998 · Decided 6–3 · Miscellaneous · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel
Jun 25, 1998 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal2 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
+3.7% real spendingOMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year 1997 → fiscal year 1999 · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
Spending $1.60T
FY1997
Spending $1.70T
FY1999 · +6.3% nominal · +3.7% after inflation
Revenue $1.58T
FY1997
Revenue $1.83T
FY1999 · +16% nominal · +13% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$21.9B
FY1997
Surplus / deficit $126B
FY1999 · +$147B
Spending, % of GDP 18.9%
FY1997
Spending, % of GDP 18.0%
FY1999 · −0.9 pts
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 44.6%
FY1997
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 38.3%
FY1999 · −6.3 pts
Spending by function · real change
Social Security
$365B → $390B · +4.2%
National Defense
$271B → $275B · −0.9%
Income Security
$235B → $242B · +0.6%
Net interest
$244B → $230B · −8.1%
Medicare
$190B → $190B · −2.2%
Health
$124B → $141B · +11%
Education, Training, Employment, and Social Services
$49.0B → $50.6B · +0.7%
Veterans Benefits and Services
$39.3B → $43.2B · +7.2%
Transportation
$40.8B → $42.5B · +1.8%
Administration of Justice
$20.6B → $26.5B · +26%
Natural Resources and Environment
$21.2B → $23.9B · +10%
Agriculture
$8.9B → $22.9B · +151%
General Science, Space, and Technology
$17.1B → $18.1B · +3.0%
General Government
$12.5B → $15.4B · +19%
International Affairs
$15.2B → $15.2B · −2.0%
Community and Regional Development
$11.0B → $11.9B · +4.8%
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$297BTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$5.32T
as of Jan 2, 1997
$5.61T
as of Dec 31, 1998

Constitution & Union1 file±0

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
±0National Archives ↗
27 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.

Reverts1 file−14

revert/undoneWhat was undone
−14Federal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
10 executive orders revoked or superseded · 0 rules struck down by Congress · 4 Supreme Court precedents overruled
Clinton revoked 10 orders: 10 by themselves
EO 12891 Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
signed Jan 15, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12946 President's Advisory Board on Arms Proliferation Policy
signed Jan 20, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12964 Commission on United States-Pacific Trade and Investment Policy
signed Jun 21, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13015 White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security
signed Aug 22, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13071 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 29, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Dec 7, 1998 by EO 13106 (Clinton)
EO 12974 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 29, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12921 Amendment to Executive Order No. 12864
signed Jun 13, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12970 Further Amendment to Executive Order No. 12864
signed Sep 14, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12987 Amendment to Executive Order No. 12964
signed Jan 31, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13032 Further Amendment to Executive Order No. 12964
signed Dec 26, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
4 decisions that overruled precedent
Rachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton
Jun 23, 1997 · 5-4 · First Amendment
State Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc.
Nov 4, 1997 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Hudson v. United States
Dec 10, 1997 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Arnold F. Hohn v. United States
Jun 15, 1998 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted). Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
239 events
William Jefferson Clinton takes office · 1997-01-20Babbitt v. Marvin K. Youpee, Sr. · 1997-01-21Airport and Airway Trust Fund Tax Reinstatement Act of 1997 · 1997-02-28Victim Rights Clarification Act of 1997 · 1997-03-19District of Columbia Inspector General Improvement Act of 1997 · 1997-03-25Oroville-Tonasket Claims Settlement and Conveyance Act · 1997-04-14Assisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997 · 1997-04-30Clinton v. Paula Corbin Jones · 1997-05-27Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997 · 1997-06-041997 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Recovery from Natural Disasters, and for Overseas Peacekeeping Efforts, Including Those in Bosnia · 1997-06-12Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 · 1997-06-18Rachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton · 1997-06-23City of Boerne v. P. F. Flores · 1997-06-25Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union · 1997-06-26Drug-Free Communities Act of 1997 · 1997-06-27Jay Printz v. United States · 1997-06-27Riegle-Neal Amendments Act of 1997 · 1997-07-03Charitable Donation Antitrust Immunity Act of 1997 · 1997-07-03Department of Energy Standardization Act of 1997 · 1997-07-18Balanced Budget Act of 1997 · 1997-08-05Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 · 1997-08-05Taxpayer Browsing Protection Act · 1997-08-05National Geologic Mapping Reauthorization Act of 1997 · 1997-08-05New Mexico Statehood and Enabling Act Amendments of 1997 · 1997-08-07Warner Canyon Ski Hill Land Exchange Act of 1997 · 1997-08-11Stamp Out Breast Cancer Act · 1997-08-13International Dolphin Conservation Program Act · 1997-08-15Need-Based Educational Aid Antitrust Protection Act of 1997 · 1997-09-17Military Construction Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-09-30Religious Workers Act of 1997 · 1997-10-06Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-07Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-08National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 · 1997-10-09Oklahoma City National Memorial Act of 1997 · 1997-10-09Hood Bay Land Exchange Act of 1997 · 1997-10-10Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-10Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-13Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-22Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-27Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-10-27State Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc. · 1997-11-04Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-11-13Hoopa Valley Reservation South Boundary Adjustment Act · 1997-11-13Marjory Stoneman Douglas Wilderness and Ernest F. Coe Visitor Center Designation Act · 1997-11-13Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-11-14National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998 · 1997-11-18Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-11-18Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 · 1997-11-19Savings are Vital to Everyone's Retirement Act of 1997 · 1997-11-19John F. Kennedy Center Parking Improvement Act of 1997 · 1997-11-19Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997 · 1997-11-19Veterans' Compensation Rate Amendments of 1997 · 1997-11-19District of Columbia Appropriations, Medical Liability Reform, and Education Reform Act of 1998 · 1997-11-19Veterans' Cemetery Protection Act of 1997 · 1997-11-19Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa River Basin Compact · 1997-11-20Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998 · 1997-11-20United States Fire Administration Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999 · 1997-11-20Law Enforcement Technology Advertisement Clarification Act of 1997 · 1997-11-21Census of Agriculture Act of 1997 · 1997-11-21Veterans' Benefits Act of 1997 · 1997-11-21Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 · 1997-11-21Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-11-26Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 · 1997-11-26Philippine Army, Scouts, and Guerilla Veterans of World War II Naturalization Act of 1997 · 1997-11-26Export-Import Bank Reauthorization Act of 1997 · 1997-11-26Hispanic Cultural Center Act of 1997 · 1997-12-01Museum and Library Services Technical and Conforming Amendments of 1997 · 1997-12-01Surface Transportation Extension Act of 1997 · 1997-12-01Lower Brule Sioux Tribe Infrastructure Development Trust Fund Act · 1997-12-02Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 · 1997-12-02Small Business Reauthorization Act of 1997 · 1997-12-02Aviation Insurance Reauthorization Act of 1997 · 1997-12-02Hudson v. United States · 1997-12-10Michigan Indian Land Claims Settlement Act · 1997-12-15Atlantic Striped Bass Conservation Act · 1997-12-16No Electronic Theft (NET) Act · 1997-12-16Army Reserve-National Guard Equity Reimbursement Act · 1997-12-17Federal Advisory Committee Act Amendments of 1997 · 1997-12-17Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay · 1997-12-29Denali Commission · 1998-01-01U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board · 1998-01-01FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998 · 1998-02-11Environmental Policy and Conflict Resolution Act of 1997 · 1998-02-11FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1997 · 1998-02-11Holocaust Victims Redress Act · 1998-02-13National Sea Grant College Program Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-03-06Examination Parity and Year 2000 Readiness for Financial Institutions Act · 1998-03-20C. Elvin Feltner, Jr. v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc. · 1998-03-31United States v. United States Shoe Corporation · 1998-03-31Lobbying Disclosure Technical Amendments Act of 1998 · 1998-04-06Birth Defects Prevention Act of 1998 · 1998-04-21Aviation Medical Assistance Act of 1998 · 1998-04-24Wireless Telephone Protection Act · 1998-04-24Visa Waiver Pilot Program Reauthorization Act of 1997 · 1998-04-271998 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States · 1998-05-27Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century · 1998-06-09Arnold F. Hohn v. United States · 1998-06-15Care for Police Survivors Act of 1998 · 1998-06-16Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 1998 · 1998-06-16Religious Liberty and Charitable Donation Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-06-19United States v. Hosep Krikor Bajakajian · 1998-06-22Telemarketing Fraud Prevention Act of 1998 · 1998-06-23Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-06-23U.S. Holocaust Assets Commission Act of 1998 · 1998-06-23Deadbeat Parents Punishment Act of 1998 · 1998-06-24Clinton v. City of New York · 1998-06-25Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel · 1998-06-25Agriculture Export Relief Act of 1998 · 1998-07-14National Bone Marrow Registry Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-07-16Occupational Safety and Health Administration Compliance Assistance Authorization Act of 1998 · 1998-07-16National Drought Policy Act of 1998 · 1998-07-16Child Support Performance and Incentive Act of 1998 · 1998-07-16National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Act of 1998 · 1998-07-21Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-07-22National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1998 · 1998-07-29Tropical Forest Conservation Act of 1998 · 1998-07-29Homeowners Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-07-29African Elephant Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-08-05Credit Union Membership Access Act · 1998-08-07Workforce Investment Partnership Act of 1998 · 1998-08-07Amy Somers Volunteers at Food Banks Act · 1998-08-07Twenty-First Century Workforce Commission Act · 1998-08-07John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Authorization Act of 1998 · 1998-08-12John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Authorization Act · 1998-08-12Emergency Farm Financial Relief Act · 1998-08-12Shackleford Banks Wild Horses Protection Act · 1998-08-13Biomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1998 · 1998-08-13Biomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1997 · 1998-08-13Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition · 1998-09-14Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Compact Consent Act · 1998-09-20Military Construction Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-09-20Marion National Fish Hatchery and Claude Harris National Aquacultural Research Center Conveyance Act · 1998-09-23Postal Employees Safety Enhancement Act · 1998-09-28National Wildlife Refuge System Volunteer and Community Partnership Enhancement Act of 1998 · 1998-10-05Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Preservation Act of 1998 · 1998-10-06Higher Education Amendments of 1998 · 1998-10-07Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-10-07Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act · 1998-10-08Mammography Quality Standards Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-10-09Crime Identification Technology Act of 1998 · 1998-10-09Commission on the Advancement of Women and Minorities in Science, Engineering, and Technology Development Act · 1998-10-14Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-10-14Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 · 1998-10-17Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-10-17Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Travel and Transportation Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Federal Employees Health Care Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Gallatin Land Consolidation Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Promotion Act · 1998-10-19Federal Activities Inventory Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-10-19Year 2000 Information and Readiness Disclosure Act · 1998-10-19Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 · 1998-10-20District of Columbia Courts and Justice Technical Corrections Act of 1998 · 1998-10-21Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-10-21Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-10-21Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 · 1998-10-21Charter School Expansion Act of 1998 · 1998-10-22Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument Completion Act · 1998-10-23Granite Watershed Enhancement and Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-10-26Coats Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Border Smog Reduction Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Armored Car Reciprocity Amendments of 1998 · 1998-10-27Miles Land Exchange Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Plant Patent Amendment Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Guam Organic Act Amendments of 1998 · 1998-10-27International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Irrigation Project Contract Extension Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Advisory Council on California Indian Policy Extension Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Curt Flood Act of 1998 · 1998-10-27Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act · 1998-10-27Crime Victims With Disabilities Awareness Act · 1998-10-27Commercial Space Act of 1998 · 1998-10-28Digital Millennium Copyright Act · 1998-10-28Next Generation Internet Research Act of 1998 · 1998-10-28Noncitizen Benefit Clarification and Other Technical Amendments Act of 1998 · 1998-10-28Dante Fascell Biscayne National Park Visitor Center Designation Act · 1998-10-29Technology Administration Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Money Laundering and Financial Crimes Strategy Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Federal Employees Life Insurance Improvement Act · 1998-10-30Migratory Bird Treaty Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Miccosukee Reserved Area Act · 1998-10-30Protection of Children From Sexual Predators Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Alternative Dispute Resolution Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Canadian River Project Prepayment Act · 1998-10-30Glacier Bay National Park Boundary Adjustment Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Torture Victims Relief Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Oregon Public Lands Transfer and Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Extradition Treaties Interpretation Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Antimicrobial Regulation Technical Corrections Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30National Cave and Karst Research Institute Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Dutch John Federal Property Disposition and Assistance Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Fish and Wildlife Revenue Enhancement Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Arches National Park Expansion Act of 1998 · 1998-10-30Trademark Law Treaty Implementation Act · 1998-10-30Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Amendments of 1998 · 1998-10-31ANCSA Land Bank Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31Drive for Teen Employment Act · 1998-10-31Utah Schools and Lands Exchange Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31William F. Goodling Child Nutrition Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31Haskell Indian Nations University and Southwestern Indian PolytechnicInstitute Administrative Systems Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31Veterans Employment Opportunities Act of 1998 · 1998-10-31Women's Health Research and Prevention Amendments of 1998 · 1998-10-31Women's Progress Commemoration Act · 1998-10-31Adams National Historical Park Act of 1998 · 1998-11-02Consumer Reporting Employment Clarification Act of 1998 · 1998-11-02Fall River Water Users District Rural Water System Act of 1998 · 1998-11-03Securities Litigation Uniform Standards Act of 1998 · 1998-11-03Automobile National Heritage Area Act · 1998-11-06Controlled Substances Trafficking Prohibition Act · 1998-11-10United States Patent and Trademark Office Reauthorization Act, Fiscal Year 1999 · 1998-11-10Native American Programs Act Amendments of 1998 · 1998-11-10Federal Reports Elimination Act of 1998 · 1998-11-10Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site Boundary Adjustment Act of 1998 · 1998-11-10International Anti-Bribery and Fair Competition Act of 1998 · 1998-11-10Veterans Programs Enhancement Act of 1998 · 1998-11-11Ricky Ray Hemophilia Relief Fund Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Correction Officers Health and Safety Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Salton Sea Reclamation Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Bandelier National Monument Administrative Improvement and Watershed Protection Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Lower East Side Tenement National Historic Site Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Adjustment Act of 1998 · 1998-11-12Department of State Special Agents Retirement Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Act · 1998-11-13Africa: Seeds of Hope Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Mississippi Sioux Tribes Judgment Fund Distribution Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Energy Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Centennial of Flight Commemoration Act · 1998-11-13Police, Fire, and Emergency Officers Educational Assistance Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13National Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Health Professions Education Partnerships Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Economic Development Administration and Appalachian Regional Development Reform Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Assistive Technology Act of 1998 · 1998-11-13Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Delegation of a Federal Pay Administration Authority · 1998-12-07United States Information Agency · 1999-01-0119981999
  1. presidentWilliam Jefferson Clinton takes office
  2. rulingBabbitt v. Marvin K. Youpee, Sr.
  3. lawAirport and Airway Trust Fund Tax Reinstatement Act of 1997
  4. lawVictim Rights Clarification Act of 1997
  5. lawDistrict of Columbia Inspector General Improvement Act of 1997
  6. lawOroville-Tonasket Claims Settlement and Conveyance Act
  7. lawAssisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997
  8. rulingClinton v. Paula Corbin Jones
  9. lawIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997
  10. law1997 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Recovery from Natural Disasters, and for Overseas Peacekeeping Efforts, Including Those in Bosnia
  11. lawVolunteer Protection Act of 1997
  12. rulingRachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton
  13. rulingCity of Boerne v. P. F. Flores
  14. rulingReno v. American Civil Liberties Union
  15. lawDrug-Free Communities Act of 1997
  16. rulingJay Printz v. United States
  17. lawRiegle-Neal Amendments Act of 1997
  18. lawCharitable Donation Antitrust Immunity Act of 1997
  19. lawDepartment of Energy Standardization Act of 1997
  20. lawBalanced Budget Act of 1997
  21. lawTaxpayer Relief Act of 1997
  22. lawTaxpayer Browsing Protection Act
  23. lawNational Geologic Mapping Reauthorization Act of 1997
  24. lawNew Mexico Statehood and Enabling Act Amendments of 1997
  25. lawWarner Canyon Ski Hill Land Exchange Act of 1997
  26. lawStamp Out Breast Cancer Act
  27. lawInternational Dolphin Conservation Program Act
  28. lawNeed-Based Educational Aid Antitrust Protection Act of 1997
  29. lawMilitary Construction Appropriations Act, 1998
  30. lawReligious Workers Act of 1997
  31. lawLegislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1998
  32. lawDepartment of Defense Appropriations Act, 1998
  33. lawNational Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997
  34. lawOklahoma City National Memorial Act of 1997
  35. lawHood Bay Land Exchange Act of 1997
  36. lawTreasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998
  37. lawEnergy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1998
  38. lawTreasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1998
  39. lawDepartments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  40. lawDepartment of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  41. rulingState Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc.
  42. lawDepartments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  43. lawHoopa Valley Reservation South Boundary Adjustment Act
  44. lawMarjory Stoneman Douglas Wilderness and Ernest F. Coe Visitor Center Designation Act
  45. lawDepartment of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  46. lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998
  47. lawAgriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  48. lawAdoption and Safe Families Act of 1997
  49. lawSavings are Vital to Everyone's Retirement Act of 1997
  50. lawJohn F. Kennedy Center Parking Improvement Act of 1997
  51. lawAsian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997
  52. lawVeterans' Compensation Rate Amendments of 1997
  53. lawDistrict of Columbia Appropriations, Medical Liability Reform, and Education Reform Act of 1998
  54. lawVeterans' Cemetery Protection Act of 1997
  55. lawAlabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa River Basin Compact
  56. lawIntelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998
  57. lawUnited States Fire Administration Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999
  58. lawLaw Enforcement Technology Advertisement Clarification Act of 1997
  59. lawCensus of Agriculture Act of 1997
  60. lawVeterans' Benefits Act of 1997
  61. lawFood and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997
  62. lawForeign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1998
  63. lawDepartments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998
  64. lawPhilippine Army, Scouts, and Guerilla Veterans of World War II Naturalization Act of 1997
  65. lawExport-Import Bank Reauthorization Act of 1997
  66. lawHispanic Cultural Center Act of 1997
  67. lawMuseum and Library Services Technical and Conforming Amendments of 1997
  68. lawSurface Transportation Extension Act of 1997
  69. lawLower Brule Sioux Tribe Infrastructure Development Trust Fund Act
  70. lawAmtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997
  71. lawSmall Business Reauthorization Act of 1997
  72. lawAviation Insurance Reauthorization Act of 1997
  73. rulingHudson v. United States
  74. lawMichigan Indian Land Claims Settlement Act
  75. lawAtlantic Striped Bass Conservation Act
  76. lawNo Electronic Theft (NET) Act
  77. lawArmy Reserve-National Guard Equity Reimbursement Act
  78. lawFederal Advisory Committee Act Amendments of 1997
  79. orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
  80. agency+Denali Commission
  81. agency+U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
  82. lawFAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998
  83. lawEnvironmental Policy and Conflict Resolution Act of 1997
  84. lawFAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1997
  85. lawHolocaust Victims Redress Act
  86. lawNational Sea Grant College Program Reauthorization Act of 1998
  87. lawExamination Parity and Year 2000 Readiness for Financial Institutions Act
  88. rulingC. Elvin Feltner, Jr. v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc.
  89. rulingUnited States v. United States Shoe Corporation
  90. lawLobbying Disclosure Technical Amendments Act of 1998
  91. lawBirth Defects Prevention Act of 1998
  92. lawAviation Medical Assistance Act of 1998
  93. lawWireless Telephone Protection Act
  94. lawVisa Waiver Pilot Program Reauthorization Act of 1997
  95. order1998 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
  96. lawTransportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
  97. rulingArnold F. Hohn v. United States
  98. lawCare for Police Survivors Act of 1998
  99. lawBulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 1998
  100. lawReligious Liberty and Charitable Donation Protection Act of 1998
  101. rulingUnited States v. Hosep Krikor Bajakajian
  102. lawTelemarketing Fraud Prevention Act of 1998
  103. lawAgricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998
  104. lawU.S. Holocaust Assets Commission Act of 1998
  105. lawDeadbeat Parents Punishment Act of 1998
  106. rulingClinton v. City of New York
  107. rulingEastern Enterprises v. Apfel
  108. lawAgriculture Export Relief Act of 1998
  109. lawNational Bone Marrow Registry Reauthorization Act of 1998
  110. lawOccupational Safety and Health Administration Compliance Assistance Authorization Act of 1998
  111. lawNational Drought Policy Act of 1998
  112. lawChild Support Performance and Incentive Act of 1998
  113. lawNational Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Act of 1998
  114. lawInternal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998
  115. lawNational Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1998
  116. lawTropical Forest Conservation Act of 1998
  117. lawHomeowners Protection Act of 1998
  118. lawAfrican Elephant Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998
  119. lawCredit Union Membership Access Act
  120. lawWorkforce Investment Partnership Act of 1998
  121. lawAmy Somers Volunteers at Food Banks Act
  122. lawTwenty-First Century Workforce Commission Act
  123. lawJohn F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Authorization Act of 1998
  124. lawJohn F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Authorization Act
  125. lawEmergency Farm Financial Relief Act
  126. lawShackleford Banks Wild Horses Protection Act
  127. lawBiomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1998
  128. lawBiomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1997
  129. orderGreening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition
  130. lawTexas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Compact Consent Act
  131. lawMilitary Construction Appropriations Act, 1999
  132. lawMarion National Fish Hatchery and Claude Harris National Aquacultural Research Center Conveyance Act
  133. lawPostal Employees Safety Enhancement Act
  134. lawNational Wildlife Refuge System Volunteer and Community Partnership Enhancement Act of 1998
  135. lawSand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Preservation Act of 1998
  136. lawHigher Education Amendments of 1998
  137. lawEnergy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1999
  138. lawNazi War Crimes Disclosure Act
  139. lawMammography Quality Standards Reauthorization Act of 1998
  140. lawCrime Identification Technology Act of 1998
  141. lawCommission on the Advancement of Women and Minorities in Science, Engineering, and Technology Development Act
  142. lawOcean Shipping Reform Act of 1998
  143. lawStrom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
  144. lawDepartment of Defense Appropriations Act, 1999
  145. lawSouthern Nevada Public Land Management Act of 1998
  146. lawTravel and Transportation Reform Act of 1998
  147. lawGreat Lakes Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act of 1998
  148. lawFederal Employees Health Care Protection Act of 1998
  149. lawGallatin Land Consolidation Act of 1998
  150. lawMigratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Promotion Act
  151. lawFederal Activities Inventory Reform Act of 1998
  152. lawYear 2000 Information and Readiness Disclosure Act
  153. lawIntelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
  154. lawDistrict of Columbia Courts and Justice Technical Corrections Act of 1998
  155. lawLegislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1999
  156. lawDepartments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999
  157. lawOmnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999
  158. lawCharter School Expansion Act of 1998
  159. lawMount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument Completion Act
  160. lawGranite Watershed Enhancement and Protection Act of 1998
  161. lawCoats Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1998
  162. lawBorder Smog Reduction Act of 1998
  163. lawArmored Car Reciprocity Amendments of 1998
  164. lawMiles Land Exchange Act of 1998
  165. lawPlant Patent Amendment Act of 1998
  166. lawGuam Organic Act Amendments of 1998
  167. lawInternational Religious Freedom Act of 1998
  168. lawIrrigation Project Contract Extension Act of 1998
  169. lawAdvisory Council on California Indian Policy Extension Act of 1998
  170. lawCurt Flood Act of 1998
  171. lawSonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act
  172. lawCrime Victims With Disabilities Awareness Act
  173. lawCommercial Space Act of 1998
  174. lawDigital Millennium Copyright Act
  175. lawNext Generation Internet Research Act of 1998
  176. lawNoncitizen Benefit Clarification and Other Technical Amendments Act of 1998
  177. lawDante Fascell Biscayne National Park Visitor Center Designation Act
  178. lawTechnology Administration Act of 1998
  179. lawMoney Laundering and Financial Crimes Strategy Act of 1998
  180. lawFederal Employees Life Insurance Improvement Act
  181. lawMigratory Bird Treaty Reform Act of 1998
  182. lawMiccosukee Reserved Area Act
  183. lawProtection of Children From Sexual Predators Act of 1998
  184. lawAlternative Dispute Resolution Act of 1998
  185. lawCanadian River Project Prepayment Act
  186. lawGlacier Bay National Park Boundary Adjustment Act of 1998
  187. lawIdentity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998
  188. lawIrish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program Act of 1998
  189. lawTorture Victims Relief Act of 1998
  190. lawOregon Public Lands Transfer and Protection Act of 1998
  191. lawExtradition Treaties Interpretation Act of 1998
  192. lawAntimicrobial Regulation Technical Corrections Act of 1998
  193. lawNational Cave and Karst Research Institute Act of 1998
  194. lawDutch John Federal Property Disposition and Assistance Act of 1998
  195. lawFish and Wildlife Revenue Enhancement Act of 1998
  196. lawArches National Park Expansion Act of 1998
  197. lawTrademark Law Treaty Implementation Act
  198. lawCarl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Amendments of 1998
  199. lawANCSA Land Bank Protection Act of 1998
  200. lawDrive for Teen Employment Act
  201. lawUtah Schools and Lands Exchange Act of 1998
  202. lawWilliam F. Goodling Child Nutrition Reauthorization Act of 1998
  203. lawHaskell Indian Nations University and Southwestern Indian PolytechnicInstitute Administrative Systems Act of 1998
  204. lawIraq Liberation Act of 1998
  205. lawVeterans Employment Opportunities Act of 1998
  206. lawWomen's Health Research and Prevention Amendments of 1998
  207. lawWomen's Progress Commemoration Act
  208. lawAdams National Historical Park Act of 1998
  209. lawConsumer Reporting Employment Clarification Act of 1998
  210. lawFall River Water Users District Rural Water System Act of 1998
  211. lawSecurities Litigation Uniform Standards Act of 1998
  212. lawAutomobile National Heritage Area Act
  213. lawControlled Substances Trafficking Prohibition Act
  214. lawUnited States Patent and Trademark Office Reauthorization Act, Fiscal Year 1999
  215. lawNative American Programs Act Amendments of 1998
  216. lawFederal Reports Elimination Act of 1998
  217. lawGrant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site Boundary Adjustment Act of 1998
  218. lawInternational Anti-Bribery and Fair Competition Act of 1998
  219. lawVeterans Programs Enhancement Act of 1998
  220. lawRicky Ray Hemophilia Relief Fund Act of 1998
  221. lawCorrection Officers Health and Safety Act of 1998
  222. lawSalton Sea Reclamation Act of 1998
  223. lawBandelier National Monument Administrative Improvement and Watershed Protection Act of 1998
  224. lawLower East Side Tenement National Historic Site Act of 1998
  225. lawHawaii Volcanoes National Park Adjustment Act of 1998
  226. lawDepartment of State Special Agents Retirement Act of 1998
  227. lawCoast Guard Authorization Act of 1998
  228. lawNorthwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Act
  229. lawAfrica: Seeds of Hope Act of 1998
  230. lawMississippi Sioux Tribes Judgment Fund Distribution Act of 1998
  231. lawEnergy Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998
  232. lawCentennial of Flight Commemoration Act
  233. lawPolice, Fire, and Emergency Officers Educational Assistance Act of 1998
  234. lawNational Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998
  235. lawHealth Professions Education Partnerships Act of 1998
  236. lawEconomic Development Administration and Appalachian Regional Development Reform Act of 1998
  237. lawAssistive Technology Act of 1998
  238. orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Delegation of a Federal Pay Administration Authority
  239. agency−United States Information Agency