How did the United States change between Dec 4, 1963 and Oct 15, 2026?

Every branch of government, compared side by side.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → nowSurprise me
24 files changed, 161,249 insertions(+), 1,197 deletions(−) · 63 years
Laws enacted
+2,721
major laws · full counts from 1973
Executive orders
+1,549
signed · since 1994 only
Final rules
+119,835
9,497 significant
Supreme Court
9 of 9
seats changed hands
Agencies
+296 −78
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$40.0T
$306B → $40.3T

The presidency passed from Lyndon Baines Johnson to Donald J. Trump across 11 transitions. 100 senators and 433 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 9 new justices joined the Supreme Court. Inflation-adjusted federal spending changed +646% (FY1964 → FY2025). 4 constitutional amendments were ratified.

Executive7 files+138,642−98

executive/presidentThe presidency
+1−1National Archives ↗
Lyndon Baines Johnson D
36th president
10 presidents in between
Richard Milhous Nixon R
took office Jan 20, 1969
Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. R
took office Aug 9, 1974
James Earl Carter D
took office Jan 20, 1977
Ronald Wilson Reagan R
took office Jan 20, 1981
George Herbert Walker Bush R
took office Jan 20, 1989
William Jefferson Clinton D
took office Jan 20, 1993
George Walker Bush R
took office Jan 20, 2001
Barack Hussein Obama D
took office Jan 20, 2009
Donald J. Trump R
took office Jan 20, 2017
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. D
took office Jan 20, 2021
Donald J. Trump R
47th president · took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
+1−1Senate Historical Office ↗
vacant
J.D. Vance R
took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+30−18Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 18 people took this office in between
Dean Rusk D
Marco Rubio R
confirmed 99–0 · Jan 20, 2025
Secretary of the Treasury · 22 people took this office in between
C. Douglas Dillon R
Scott Bessent
confirmed 68–29 · Jan 27, 2025
Secretary of Defense · 21 people took this office in between
Robert McNamara R
Pete Hegseth R
confirmed 51–50 · Jan 24, 2025
Attorney General · 23 people took this office in between
Robert F. Kennedy D
Todd Blanche R
confirmed 50–49 · Aug 8, 2026
Postmaster General · 7 people took this office in between
David P. Steiner
Secretary of the Navy · 31 people took this office in between
Paul Nitze D
office vacant or abolished
Show 20 more cabinet offices
Secretary of the Interior · 14 people took this office in between
Stewart L. Udall D
Doug Burgum R
confirmed 80–17 · Jan 30, 2025
Secretary of Agriculture · 13 people took this office in between
Orville Freeman D
Brooke Rollins
confirmed 72–28 · Feb 13, 2025
Secretary of Commerce · 21 people took this office in between
Luther H. Hodges D
Howard Lutnick R
confirmed 51–45 · Feb 18, 2025
Secretary of Labor · 17 people took this office in between
Keith Sonderling
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare · 8 people took this office in between
Anthony Joseph Celebrezze, Sr. D
office vacant or abolished
Secretary of Health and Human Services · 14 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. I
confirmed 52–48 · Feb 13, 2025
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development · 19 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Scott Turner R
confirmed 55–44 · Feb 5, 2025
Secretary of Transportation · 19 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Sean Duffy R
confirmed 77–22 · Jan 28, 2025
Secretary of Energy · 19 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Chris Wright
confirmed 59–38 · Feb 3, 2025
Secretary of Education · 14 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Linda McMahon R
confirmed 51–45 · Mar 3, 2025
Secretary of Veterans Affairs · 12 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Doug Collins R
confirmed 77–23 · Feb 4, 2025
Secretary of Homeland Security · 9 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Markwayne Mullin R
confirmed 54–45 · Mar 23, 2026
White House Chief of Staff · 31 people took this office in between
W. Marvin Watson D
Susie Wiles R
Director of the Office of Management and Budget · 30 people took this office in between
Kermit Gordon D
Russell Vought R
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency · 16 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Lee Zeldin R
confirmed 56–42 · Jan 29, 2025
Ambassador to the United Nations · 36 people took this office in between
Adlai Stevenson II D
Mike Waltz R
Director of National Intelligence · 11 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Jay Clayton I
confirmed 51–47 · Jul 28, 2026
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency · 10 people took this office in between
office did not exist
John Ratcliffe R
confirmed 74–25 · Jan 23, 2025
Administrator of the Small Business Administration · 11 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Kelly Loeffler R
confirmed 52–46 · Feb 19, 2025
U.S. Trade Representative · 7 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Jamieson Greer
Other senior officials (7 changed)
Postmaster General · 7 people took this office in between
David P. Steiner
Secretary of the Navy · 31 people took this office in between
Paul Nitze D
office vacant or abolished
Chair of the Federal Reserve · 8 people took this office in between
William McChesney Martin D
Kevin Warsh R
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff · 18 people took this office in between
Maxwell D. Taylor
Dan Caine
Director of the FBI · 8 people took this office in between
J. Edgar Hoover I
Kash Patel
National Security Advisor · 24 people took this office in between
McGeorge Bundy D
Marco Rubio R (acting)
Solicitor General · 13 people took this office in between
Archibald Cox D
D. John Sauer
executive/ordersExecutive orders
+1,549Federal Register API ↗
1,549 executive orders signed · William J. Clinton 308 · George W. Bush 291 · Barack Obama 278 · Donald Trump 510 · Joseph R. Biden Jr. 162
EO 12902 Energy Efficiency and Water Conservation at Federal Facilities
signed Mar 8, 1994 by William J. Clinton · revoked Jun 3, 1999 by EO 13123 (Clinton)
EO 12919 National Defense Industrial Resources Preparedness
signed Jun 3, 1994 by William J. Clinton
EO 12936 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States, 1984
signed Nov 10, 1994 by William J. Clinton
EO 12940 Amendment to Civil Service Rule VI
signed Nov 28, 1994 by William J. Clinton
EO 12944 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Allowances
signed Dec 28, 1994 by William J. Clinton · revoked Dec 28, 1995 by EO 12984 (Clinton)
EO 12958 Classified National Security Information
signed Apr 17, 1995 by William J. Clinton · revoked Dec 29, 2009 by EO 13526 (Obama)
EO 12960 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States, 1984
signed May 12, 1995 by William J. Clinton
EO 12968 Access to Classified Information
signed Aug 2, 1995 by William J. Clinton
Show 6 more
EO 12984 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Allowances
Dec 28, 1995 · William J. Clinton
EO 13029 Implementing, for the United States, the Provisions of An- nex 1 of the Decision Concerning Legal Capacity and Privileges and Immunities, Issued by the Council of Ministers of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe on December 1, 1993
Dec 3, 1996 · William J. Clinton
EO 13033 Executive Order 13033 of December 27, 1996
Dec 27, 1996 · William J. Clinton
EO 13071 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 29, 1997 · William J. Clinton
EO 13086 1998 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
May 27, 1998 · William J. Clinton
EO 13101 Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition
Sep 14, 1998 · William J. Clinton
Only orders signed after Dec 30, 1993 are counted; Federal Register coverage starts there.
executive/nominationsSenate confirmations
+16,930Congress.gov ↗
23,049 civilian nominations received · 16,930 confirmed · 816 withdrawn · 4,883 returned to the President
Caspar Willard Weinberger, of California, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 20, 1981 · 97–2
William Emerson Brock III, of Tennessee, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Reubin O'D Askew.
confirmed Jan 21, 1981 · 99–0
Richard S. Schweiker, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Jan 21, 1981 · 99–0
Donald T. Regan, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 21, 1981 · 98–0
Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr., of Connecticut, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 21, 1981 · 93–6
T. H. Bell, of Utah, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 90–2
Andrew L. Lewis, Jr., of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 98–0
James B. Edwards, of South Carolina, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 93–3
Samuel R. Pierce, Jr., of New York, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 98–0
Malcolm Baldrige, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 97–1
John R. Block, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 98–0
William French Smith, of California, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 96–1
Show 314 more top confirmations
James Gaius Watt, of Colorado, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 22, 1981 · 83–12
David A. Stockman, of Michigan, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
confirmed Jan 27, 1981 · 93–0
Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, of Maryland, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United Statesof America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jan 29, 1981 · 81–0
Raymond J. Donovan, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Feb 3, 1981 · 80–17
Michael Cardenas, of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Arthur Vernon Weaver, Jr., resigned.
confirmed Mar 26, 1981
Ann McGill Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Douglas M. Costle, resigned.
confirmed May 5, 1981
Sandra Day O'Connor, of Arizona, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Potter Stewart, retired.
confirmed Sep 21, 1981 · 99–0
James C. Sanders, of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Michael Cardenas, resigned.
confirmed Mar 29, 1982
George P. Shultz, of California, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jul 15, 1982 · 97–0
Donald P. Hodel, of Oregon, to be Secretary of Energy, to which position he was appointed during the current recess of the Senate.
confirmed Dec 8, 1982 · 86–8
Elizabeth Hanford Dole, of Kansas, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Feb 1, 1983 · 97–0
Margaret M. Heckler, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Mar 3, 1983 · 82–3
William D. Ruckelshaus, of Washington, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Anne McGill Burford, resigned.
confirmed May 17, 1983 · 97–0
Paul A. Volcker, of New Jersey, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed Jul 27, 1983 · 84–16
William P. Clark, of California, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Nov 18, 1983 · 71–18
James A. Baker III, of Texas, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 29, 1985 · 95–0
John S. Herrington, of California, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Feb 6, 1985 · 93–1
William J. Bennett, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Feb 6, 1985 · 93–0
Donald P. Hodel, of Virginia, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Feb 6, 1985 · 93–1
Lee M. Thomas, of Virginia, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice William D. Ruckelshaus, resigned.
confirmed Feb 7, 1985
Edwin Meese III, of California, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 23, 1985 · 63–31
William Emerson Brock III, of Tennessee, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Apr 26, 1985
Vernon A. Walters, of Florida, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the UnitedStates of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed May 16, 1985
Clayton Yeutter, of Nebraska, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice William Emerson Brock III.
confirmed Jun 27, 1985
James C. Miller III, of the District of Columbia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice David A. Stockman, resigned.
confirmed Oct 4, 1985 · 90–2
Otis R. Bowen, of Indiana, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Dec 12, 1985 · 93–2
Richard E. Lyng, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Mar 6, 1986 · 95–2
William H. Rehnquist, of Virginia, to be Chief Justice of the United States.
confirmed Sep 17, 1986 · 65–33
Antonin Scalia, of Virginia, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice William H. Rehnquist.
confirmed Sep 17, 1986 · 98–0
James Abdnor, of South Dakota, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice James C. Sanders, resigned.
confirmed Mar 20, 1987
Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for the unexpired term of fourteen years from February 1, 1978, vice Paul A. Volcker, resigned. Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Paul A. Volcker, resigned.
confirmed Aug 3, 1987 · 91–2
C. William Verity, Jr., of Ohio, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Oct 13, 1987 · 84–11
Frank C. Carlucci, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Nov 20, 1987 · 91–1
James H. Burnley IV, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Nov 30, 1987 · 74–0
Ann Dore McLaughlin, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Dec 11, 1987 · 94–0
Anthony M. Kennedy, of California, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Lewis F. Powell, Jr., retired.
confirmed Feb 3, 1988 · 97–0
Richard L. Thornburgh, of Pennsylvania, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Aug 11, 1988 · 85–0
Nicholas F. Brady, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Sep 14, 1988 · 92–2
Lauro F. Cavazos, of Texas, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Sep 20, 1988 · 94–0
Richard G. Darman, of Virginia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
confirmed Jan 25, 1989 · 99–0
Elizabeth Hanford Dole, of Kansas, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Jan 25, 1989 · 99–0
James Addison Baker, III, of Texas, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 25, 1989 · 99–0
Carla Anderson Hills, of California, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Jan 31, 1989 · 100–0
Samuel Knox Skinner, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 31, 1989 · 100–0
Robert Adam Mosbacher, of Texas, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Jan 31, 1989 · 100–0
William Kane Reilly, of Virginia, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Feb 2, 1989 · 100–0
Jack Kemp, of New York, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Feb 2, 1989 · 100–0
Manuel Lujan, Jr., of New Mexico, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Feb 2, 1989 · 100–0
Clayton Yeutter, of Nebraska, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 8, 1989 · 100–0
Louis W. Sullivan, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Mar 1, 1989 · 98–1
Edward J. Derwinski, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Mar 2, 1989 · 94–0
Thomas R. Pickering, of New Jersey, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Mar 7, 1989 · 99–0
Richard B. Cheney, of Wyoming, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Mar 17, 1989 · 92–0
Susan S. Engeleiter, of Wisconsin, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice James Abdnor, resigned.
confirmed Apr 19, 1989
David H. Souter, of New Hampshire, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice William Joseph Brennan, Jr., retired.
confirmed Oct 2, 1990 · 90–9
Lynn Martin, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Feb 7, 1991 · 94–0
Edward R. Madigan, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Agriculture, vice Clayton Yeutter, resigned.
confirmed Mar 7, 1991 · 99–0
Andrew Lamar Alexander, Jr., of Tennessee, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 14, 1991
Patricia F. Saiki, of Hawaii, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Susan S. Engeleiter, resigned.
confirmed Mar 21, 1991
Clarence Thomas, of Georgia, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Thurgood Marshall, retired.
confirmed Oct 15, 1991 · 52–48
William Pelham Barr, of Virginia, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Nov 20, 1991
Andrew H. Card, Jr., of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Feb 21, 1992
Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, to which position he was appointed during the last recess of the Senate.
confirmed Feb 27, 1992
Barbara Hackman Franklin, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 27, 1992
Edward Joseph Perkins, of Oregon, a Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Career Minister, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Apr 2, 1992
Warren Christopher, of California, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 20, 1993
Lloyd Bentsen, of Texas, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 20, 1993
Les Aspin, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 20, 1993
Carol M. Browner, of Florida, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Leon E. Panetta, of California, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Michael Kantor, of California, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Richard W. Riley, of South Carolina, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Donna E. Shalala, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Jesse Brown, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Robert B. Reich, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Henry G. Cisneros, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Hazel Rollins O'Leary, of Minnesota, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Federico Pena, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Mike Espy, of Mississippi, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Bruce Babbitt, of Arizona, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Ronald H. Brown, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Jan 21, 1993
Madeleine Korbel Albright, of the District of Columbia, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jan 26, 1993
Janet Reno, of Florida, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Mar 11, 1993 · 98–0
Erskine B. Bowles, of North Carolina, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Patricia F. Saiki, resigned.
confirmed May 7, 1993
William J. Perry, of California, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Les Aspin, resigned.
confirmed Feb 3, 1994 · 97–0
David Elias Birenbaum, of the District of Columbia, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Jun 24, 1994
Stephen G. Breyer, of Massachusetts, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Harry A. Blackmun.
confirmed Jul 29, 1994 · 87–9
Alice M. Rivlin, of the District of Columbia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Leon E. Panetta.
confirmed Oct 7, 1994
Philip Lader, of South Carolina, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Erskine B. Bowles.
confirmed Oct 8, 1994
Robert E. Rubin, of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice Lloyd Bentsen, resigned.
confirmed Jan 10, 1995 · 99–0
Daniel Robert Glickman, of Kansas, to be Secretary of Agriculture, vice Mike Espy, resigned.
confirmed Mar 30, 1995 · 94–0
Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed Jun 20, 1996 · 91–7
Franklin D. Raines, of the District of Columbia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Alice M. Rivlin.
confirmed Sep 6, 1996
Madeleine Korbel Albright, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of State, vice Warren Christopher, resigned.
confirmed Jan 22, 1997 · 99–0
William M. Daley, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice Michael Kantor.
confirmed Jan 30, 1997 · 95–2
Rodney E. Slater, of Arkansas, to be Secretary of Transportation, vice Federico Pena.
confirmed Feb 6, 1997 · 98–0
Bill Richardson, of New Mexico, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations, vice Madeleine Korbel Albright.
confirmed Feb 11, 1997 · 100–0
Aida Alvarez, of New York, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Philip Lader.
confirmed Feb 13, 1997
Charlene Barshefsky, of the District of Columbia, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Michael Kantor.
confirmed Mar 5, 1997 · 99–1
Federico Pena, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Hazel Rollins O'Leary, retired.
confirmed Mar 12, 1997 · 99–1
Alexis M. Herman, of Alabama, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Robert B. Reich.
confirmed Apr 30, 1997 · 85–13
Richard Sklar, of California, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for UN Management and Reform, with the Rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Jul 31, 1997
Togo Dennis West, Jr., of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Jesse Brown, resigned.
confirmed Apr 28, 1998
Jacob Joseph Lew, of New York, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Franklin D. Raines, resigned.
confirmed Jul 31, 1998
Bill Richardson, of New Mexico, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Federico Pena, resigned.
confirmed Jul 31, 1998
Lawrence H. Summers, of Maryland, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice Robert E. Rubin.
confirmed Jul 1, 1999 · 97–2
Richard Holbrooke, of New York, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations, vice Bill Richardson, resigned.
confirmed Aug 5, 1999 · 81–16
Donald Stuart Hays, of Virginia, a Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Minister-Counselor, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Nov 10, 1999
Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed Feb 3, 2000 · 89–4
Norman Y. Mineta, of California, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice William M. Daley.
confirmed Jul 20, 2000
Roderick R. Paige, of Texas, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Colin Luther Powell, of Virginia, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Paul Henry O'Neill, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Donald Henry Rumsfeld, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Donald Louis Evans, of Texas, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Spencer Abraham, of Michigan, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Ann Margaret Veneman, of California, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Jan 20, 2001
Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr., of Indiana, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
confirmed Jan 23, 2001 · 100–0
Anthony Joseph Principi, of California, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Jan 23, 2001 · 100–0
Melquiades Rafael Martinez, of Florida, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Jan 23, 2001 · 100–0
Tommy G. Thompson, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Jan 24, 2001 · 100–0
Elaine Lan Chao, of Kentucky, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Jan 29, 2001
Gale Ann Norton, of Colorado, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 30, 2001 · 75–24
Christine Todd Whitman, of New Jersey, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Jan 30, 2001 · 99–0
John Ashcroft, of Missouri, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 1, 2001 · 58–42
Robert B. Zoellick, of Virginia, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Feb 6, 2001 · 98–0
Hector V. Barreto, Jr., of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Aida Alvarez, resigned.
confirmed Jul 25, 2001
John D. Negroponte, of the District of Columbia, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations, vice Richard Holbrooke.
confirmed Sep 14, 2001
Patrick Francis Kennedy, of Illinois, a Career Member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Career Minister, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for the U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador, vice Donald Stuart Hays.
confirmed Sep 14, 2001
Thomas J. Ridge, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Homeland Security. (New Position)
confirmed Jan 22, 2003 · 94–0
John W. Snow, of Virginia, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice Paul Henry O'Neill, resigned.
confirmed Jan 30, 2003
Joshua B. Bolten, of the District of Columbia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr., resigned.
confirmed Jun 26, 2003
Michael O. Leavitt, of Utah, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Christine Todd Whitman, resigned.
confirmed Oct 28, 2003 · 88–8
Alphonso R. Jackson, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, vice Melquiades Rafael Martinez, resigned.
confirmed Mar 31, 2004
Alan Greenspan, of New York, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed Jun 17, 2004
John C. Danforth, of Missouri, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jun 24, 2004
Margaret Spellings, of Texas, to be Secretary of Education, vice Roderick R. Paige, resigned.
confirmed Jan 20, 2005
Mike Johanns, of Nebraska, to be Secretary of Agriculture, vice Ann Margaret Veneman, resigned.
confirmed Jan 20, 2005
Carlos M. Gutierrez, of Michigan, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice Donald Louis Evans, resigned.
confirmed Jan 24, 2005
Jim Nicholson, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Anthony Joseph Principi, resigned.
confirmed Jan 26, 2005
Michael O. Leavitt, of Utah, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Tommy G. Thompson, resigned.
confirmed Jan 26, 2005
Condoleezza Rice, of California, to be Secretary of State, vice Colin Luther Powell, resigned.
confirmed Jan 26, 2005 · 85–13
Samuel W. Bodman, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Spencer Abraham, resigned.
confirmed Jan 31, 2005
Alberto R. Gonzales, of Texas, to be Attorney General, vice John Ashcroft, resigned.
confirmed Feb 3, 2005 · 60–36
Michael Chertoff, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Thomas J. Ridge, resigned.
confirmed Feb 15, 2005 · 98–0
John D. Negroponte, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence. (New Position)
confirmed Apr 21, 2005 · 98–2
Stephen L. Johnson, of Maryland, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Michael O. Leavitt.
confirmed Apr 28, 2005
Robert J. Portman, of Ohio, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Robert B. Zoellick, resigned.
confirmed Apr 28, 2005
John G. Roberts, Jr., of Maryland, to be Chief Justice of the United States, vice William H. Rehnquist, deceased.
confirmed Sep 29, 2005 · 78–22
Ben S. Bernanke, of New Jersey, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Alan Greenspan.
confirmed Jan 31, 2006
Samuel A. Alito, Jr., of New Jersey, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Sandra Day O'Connor, retiring.
confirmed Jan 31, 2006 · 58–42
Mark D. Wallace, of Florida, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador, vice Patrick Francis Kennedy.
confirmed Mar 16, 2006
Dirk Kempthorne, of Idaho, to be Secretary of the Interior, vice Gale Ann Norton, resigned.
confirmed May 26, 2006
Robert J. Portman, of Ohio, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Joshua B. Bolten.
confirmed May 26, 2006
General Michael V. Hayden, United States Air Force, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice Porter J. Goss, resigned.
confirmed May 26, 2006 · 78–15
Susan C. Schwab, of Maryland, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Robert J. Portman.
confirmed Jun 8, 2006
Henry M. Paulson, Jr., of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice John W. Snow, resigned.
confirmed Jun 28, 2006
Steven C. Preston, of Illinois, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Hector V. Barreto, Jr., resigned.
confirmed Jun 29, 2006
Mary E. Peters, of Arizona, to be Secretary of Transportation, vice Norman Y. Mineta, resigned.
confirmed Sep 29, 2006
Robert M. Gates, of Texas, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Donald Henry Rumsfeld, resigned.
confirmed Dec 6, 2006 · 95–2
J. Michael McConnell, of Virginia, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice John D. Negroponte.
confirmed Feb 7, 2007
Zalmay Khalilzad, of Maryland, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Mar 29, 2007
Jim Nussle, of Iowa, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Robert J. Portman.
confirmed Sep 4, 2007 · 69–24
Michael B. Mukasey, of New York, to be Attorney General, vice Alberto R. Gonzales, resigned.
confirmed Nov 8, 2007 · 53–40
James B. Peake, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Jim Nicholson, resigned.
confirmed Dec 14, 2007
Ed Schafer, of North Dakota, to be Secretary of Agriculture, vice Mike Johanns, resigned.
confirmed Jan 28, 2008
Steven C. Preston, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, vice Alphonso R. Jackson, resigned.
confirmed Jun 4, 2008
Janet Ann Napolitano, of Arizona, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Peter R. Orszag, of Massachusetts, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Kenneth Lee Salazar, of Colorado, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Thomas J. Vilsack, of Iowa, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Eric K. Shinseki, of Hawaii, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Arne Duncan, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Steven Chu, of California, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Jan 20, 2009
Hillary Rodham Clinton, of New York, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 21, 2009 · 94–2
Lisa Perez Jackson, of New Jersey, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Jan 22, 2009
Susan E. Rice, of the District of Columbia, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jan 22, 2009
Ray LaHood, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 22, 2009
Shaun L. S. Donovan, of New York, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Jan 22, 2009
Timothy F. Geithner, of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 26, 2009 · 60–34
Dennis Cutler Blair, of Pennsylvania, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice J. Michael McConnell, resigned.
confirmed Jan 28, 2009
Eric H. Holder, Jr., of the District of Columbia, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 2, 2009 · 75–21
Leon E. Panetta, of California, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice General Michael V. Hayden, United States Air Force.
confirmed Feb 12, 2009
Hilda L. Solis, of California, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Feb 24, 2009 · 80–17
Ronald Kirk, of Texas, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Mar 18, 2009 · 92–5
Gary Locke, of Washington, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Mar 24, 2009
Karen Gordon Mills, of Maine, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Steven C. Preston, resigned.
confirmed Apr 3, 2009
Kathleen Sebelius, of Kansas, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Apr 28, 2009 · 65–31
Sonia Sotomayor, of New York, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice David H. Souter, retiring.
confirmed Aug 6, 2009 · 68–31
Ben S. Bernanke, of New Jersey, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed Jan 28, 2010 · 70–30
Elena Kagan, of Massachusetts, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice John Paul Stevens, retiring.
confirmed Aug 5, 2010 · 63–37
James R. Clapper, of Virginia, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Dennis Cutler Blair, resigned.
confirmed Aug 5, 2010
Jacob J. Lew, of New York, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Peter R. Orszag, resigned.
confirmed Nov 18, 2010
Joseph M. Torsella, of Pennsylvania, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Apr 14, 2011
Leon E. Panetta, of California, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Robert M. Gates.
confirmed Jun 21, 2011 · 100–0
David H. Petraeus, of New Hampshire, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice Leon E. Panetta.
confirmed Jun 30, 2011 · 94–0
John Edgar Bryson, of California, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice Gary Locke.
confirmed Oct 20, 2011 · 74–26
John Forbes Kerry, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of State, vice Hillary Rodham Clinton.
confirmed Jan 29, 2013 · 94–3
Charles Timothy Hagel, of Nebraska, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Leon E. Panetta.
confirmed Feb 26, 2013 · 58–41
Jacob J. Lew, of New York, to be Secretary of the Treasury, vice Timothy F. Geithner.
confirmed Feb 27, 2013 · 71–26
John Owen Brennan, of Virginia, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice David H. Petraeus, resigned.
confirmed Mar 7, 2013 · 63–34
Sarah Jewell, of Washington, to be Secretary of the Interior, vice Kenneth Lee Salazar.
confirmed Apr 10, 2013 · 87–11
Sylvia Mathews Burwell, of West Virginia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Jacob J. Lew, resigned.
confirmed Apr 24, 2013 · 96–0
Ernest J. Moniz, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Energy, vice Steven Chu.
confirmed May 16, 2013 · 97–0
Michael Froman, of New York, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, vice Ronald Kirk, resigned.
confirmed Jun 19, 2013 · 93–4
Penny Pritzker, of Illinois, to be Secretary of Commerce, vice John Edgar Bryson, resigned.
confirmed Jun 25, 2013 · 97–1
Anthony Renard Foxx, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Transportation, vice Ray LaHood.
confirmed Jun 27, 2013 · 100–0
Regina McCarthy, of Massachusetts, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Lisa Perez Jackson, resigned.
confirmed Jul 18, 2013 · 59–40
Thomas Edward Perez, of Maryland, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Hilda L. Solis, resigned.
confirmed Jul 18, 2013 · 54–46
Samantha Power, of Massachusetts, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Aug 1, 2013 · 87–10
Jeh Charles Johnson, of New Jersey, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Janet Ann Napolitano, resigned.
confirmed Dec 16, 2013 · 78–16
Janet L. Yellen, of California, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Ben S. Bernanke, resigned.
confirmed Jan 6, 2014 · 56–26
Maria Contreras-Sweet, of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Karen Gordon Mills, resigned.
confirmed Mar 27, 2014
Sylvia Mathews Burwell, of West Virginia, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Kathleen Sebelius.
confirmed Jun 5, 2014 · 78–17
Julian Castro, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, vice Shaun L. S. Donovan.
confirmed Jul 9, 2014 · 71–26
Shaun L. S. Donovan, of New York, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Sylvia Mathews Burwell.
confirmed Jul 10, 2014 · 75–22
Robert Alan McDonald, of Ohio, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice Eric K. Shinseki, resigned.
confirmed Jul 29, 2014 · 97–0
Isobel Coleman, of New York, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U. N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Dec 16, 2014
Ashton B. Carter, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Defense, vice Charles Timothy Hagel.
confirmed Feb 12, 2015 · 93–5
Loretta E. Lynch, of New York, to be Attorney General, vice Eric H. Holder, Jr.
confirmed Apr 23, 2015 · 56–43
John B. King, of New York, to be Secretary of Education, vice Arne Duncan.
confirmed Mar 14, 2016 · 49–40
John F. Kelly, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Jan 20, 2017 · 88–11
James Mattis, of Washington, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 20, 2017 · 98–1
Mike Pompeo, of Kansas, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice John Owen Brennan.
confirmed Jan 23, 2017 · 66–32
Nikki R. Haley, of South Carolina, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jan 24, 2017 · 96–4
Elaine L. Chao, of Kentucky, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 31, 2017 · 93–6
Rex W. Tillerson, of Texas, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Feb 1, 2017 · 55–43
Jeff Sessions, of Alabama, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 8, 2017 · 52–47
Thomas Price, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Feb 10, 2017 · 52–47
David J. Shulkin, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 13, 2017 · 100–0
Steven T. Mnuchin, of California, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Feb 13, 2017 · 53–47
Linda E. McMahon, of Connecticut, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Maria Contreras-Sweet, resigned.
confirmed Feb 14, 2017 · 81–19
Mick Mulvaney, of South Carolina, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Shaun L. S. Donovan, resigned.
confirmed Feb 16, 2017 · 51–49
Scott Pruitt, of Oklahoma, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Feb 17, 2017 · 52–46
Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., of Florida, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 27, 2017 · 72–27
Ryan Zinke, of Montana, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Mar 1, 2017 · 68–31
Benjamin S. Carson, Sr., of Florida, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Mar 2, 2017 · 58–41
James Richard Perry, of Texas, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Mar 2, 2017 · 62–37
Daniel Coats, of Indiana, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice James R. Clapper, Jr.
confirmed Mar 15, 2017 · 85–12
Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Antonin Scalia, deceased.
confirmed Apr 7, 2017 · 54–45
Sonny Perdue, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Apr 24, 2017 · 87–11
R. Alexander Acosta, of Florida, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Apr 27, 2017 · 60–38
Robert Lighthizer, of Florida, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed May 11, 2017 · 82–14
Kirstjen Nielsen, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice John F. Kelly, resigned.
confirmed Dec 5, 2017 · 62–37
Jerome H. Powell, of Maryland, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Janet L. Yellen, term expiring.
confirmed Jan 23, 2018 · 84–13
Alex Michael Azar II, of Indiana, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services, vice Thomas Price, resigned.
confirmed Jan 24, 2018 · 55–43
Mike Pompeo, of Kansas, to be Secretary of State, vice Rex W. Tillerson.
confirmed Apr 26, 2018 · 57–42
Gina Haspel, of Kentucky, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice Mike Pompeo.
confirmed May 17, 2018 · 54–45
Robert L. Wilkie, of North Carolina, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs, vice David J. Shulkin.
confirmed Jul 23, 2018 · 86–9
Cherith Norman Chalet, of New Jersey, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Sep 12, 2018
Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Anthony M. Kennedy, retiring.
confirmed Oct 6, 2018 · 50–48
William Pelham Barr, of Virginia, to be Attorney General, vice Jeff Sessions, resigned.
confirmed Feb 14, 2019 · 54–45
Andrew Wheeler, of Virginia, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Scott Pruitt.
confirmed Feb 28, 2019 · 52–47
David Bernhardt, of Virginia, to be Secretary of the Interior, vice Ryan Zinke.
confirmed Apr 11, 2019 · 56–41
Mark T. Esper, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Defense, vice James Mattis, resigned.
confirmed Jul 23, 2019 · 90–8
Kelly Craft, of Kentucky, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Jul 31, 2019 · 56–34
Eugene Scalia, of Virginia, to be Secretary of Labor, vice R. Alexander Acosta, resigned.
confirmed Sep 26, 2019 · 53–44
Dan R. Brouillette, of Texas, to be Secretary of Energy, vice James Richard Perry, resigning.
confirmed Dec 2, 2019 · 70–15
Jovita Carranza, of Illinois, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration, vice Linda E. McMahon.
confirmed Jan 7, 2020 · 88–5
John L. Ratcliffe, of Texas, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Daniel Coats, resigned.
confirmed May 21, 2020 · 49–44
Russell Vought, of Virginia, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Mick Mulvaney.
confirmed Jul 20, 2020 · 51–45
Amy Coney Barrett, of Indiana, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, deceased.
confirmed Oct 26, 2020 · 52–48
Avril Danica Haines, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence.
confirmed Jan 20, 2021 · 84–10
Lloyd James Austin, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 22, 2021 · 93–2
Janet Louise Yellen, of California, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 25, 2021 · 84–15
Antony John Blinken, of New York, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 26, 2021 · 78–22
Peter Paul Montgomery Buttigieg, of Indiana, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Feb 2, 2021 · 86–13
Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, of the District of Columbia, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Feb 2, 2021 · 56–43
Denis Richard McDonough, of Maryland, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 8, 2021 · 87–7
Thomas J. Vilsack, of Iowa, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 23, 2021 · 92–7
Linda Thomas-Greenfield, of Louisiana, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Feb 23, 2021 · 78–20
Jennifer Mulhern Granholm, of Michigan, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Feb 25, 2021 · 64–35
Miguel A. Cardona, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 1, 2021 · 64–33
Gina Marie Raimondo, of Rhode Island, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Mar 2, 2021 · 84–15
Merrick Brian Garland, of Maryland, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Mar 10, 2021 · 70–30
Michael Stanley Regan, of North Carolina, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice Andrew Wheeler.
confirmed Mar 10, 2021 · 66–34
Marcia Louise Fudge, of Ohio, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Mar 10, 2021 · 66–34
Debra Anne Haaland, of New Mexico, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Mar 15, 2021 · 51–40
Isabella Casillas Guzman, of California, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration.
confirmed Mar 16, 2021 · 81–17
Katherine C. Tai, of the District of Columbia, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Mar 17, 2021 · 98–0
Xavier Becerra, of California, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Mar 18, 2021 · 50–49
William Joseph Burns, of Maryland, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, vice Gina Haspel.
confirmed Mar 18, 2021
Martin Joseph Walsh, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Mar 22, 2021 · 68–29
Christopher P. Lu, of Virginia, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the rank of Ambassador.
confirmed Dec 18, 2021
Shalanda D. Young, of Louisiana, to be Director of the Office of Management and Budget, vice Russell Vought.
confirmed Mar 15, 2022 · 61–36
Ketanji Brown Jackson, of the District of Columbia, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, vice Stephen G. Breyer, retiring.
confirmed Apr 7, 2022 · 53–47
Jerome H. Powell, of Maryland, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years. (Reappointment)
confirmed May 12, 2022 · 80–19
Marco Rubio, of Florida, to be Secretary of State.
confirmed Jan 20, 2025 · 99–0
John Ratcliffe, of Texas, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
confirmed Jan 23, 2025 · 74–25
Peter Hegseth, of Tennessee, to be Secretary of Defense.
confirmed Jan 24, 2025 · 51–50
Kristi Noem, of South Dakota, to be Secretary of Homeland Security.
confirmed Jan 25, 2025 · 59–34
Scott Bessent, of South Carolina, to be Secretary of the Treasury.
confirmed Jan 27, 2025 · 68–29
Sean Duffy, of Wisconsin, to be Secretary of Transportation.
confirmed Jan 28, 2025 · 77–22
Lee Zeldin, of New York, to be Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
confirmed Jan 29, 2025 · 56–42
Douglas Burgum, of North Dakota, to be Secretary of the Interior.
confirmed Jan 30, 2025 · 80–17
Christopher Wright, of Colorado, to be Secretary of Energy.
confirmed Feb 3, 2025 · 59–38
Pamela Bondi, of Florida, to be Attorney General.
confirmed Feb 4, 2025 · 54–46
Douglas Collins, of Georgia, to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
confirmed Feb 4, 2025 · 77–23
Eric Turner, of Texas, to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
confirmed Feb 5, 2025 · 55–44
Tulsi Gabbard, of Hawaii, to be Director of National Intelligence.
confirmed Feb 12, 2025 · 52–48
Brooke Rollins, of Texas, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 72–28
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., of California, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 52–48
Howard Lutnick, of New York, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 18, 2025 · 51–45
Kelly Loeffler, of Georgia, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration.
confirmed Feb 19, 2025 · 52–46
Jamieson Greer, of Maryland, to be United States Trade Representative, with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
confirmed Feb 26, 2025 · 56–43
Linda McMahon, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 3, 2025 · 51–45
Lori Chavez-DeRemer, of Oregon, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Mar 10, 2025 · 67–32
Jeffrey Bartos, of Pennsylvania, to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, with the Rank of Ambassador, and to serve concurrently and without additional compensation as an Alternate Representative of the United States of America to the Sessions of the General Assembly of the United Nations.
confirmed Sep 18, 2025 · 51–47
Michael G. Waltz, of Florida, to be the Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the Rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations.
confirmed Sep 19, 2025 · 47–43
Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem.
confirmed Mar 23, 2026 · 54–45
Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Jerome H. Powell, term expiring.
confirmed May 13, 2026 · 54–45
Walter Clayton, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Tulsi Gabbard.
confirmed Jul 28, 2026 · 51–47
Todd Blanche, of Florida, to be Attorney General, vice Pamela Bondi.
confirmed Aug 8, 2026 · 50–49
Keith Sonderling, of Florida, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Lori Chavez-DeRemer, resigned.
confirmed Sep 30, 2026 · 47–41
Civilian nominations only (military promotions excluded). Top confirmations are cabinet-level posts, Supreme Court justices, and the Fed chair. Records start with the 97th Congress (1981).
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+296−78Wikidata ↗
195 → 425 tracked organizations · 11 → 16 executive departments
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development department
established Sep 9, 1965 · cabinet department in the Executive branch of the United States federal government
United States Department of Transportation department
established Oct 15, 1966 · U.S. federal executive department overseeing highways, railroads, aviation, transit, and other modes of transportation
United States Department of Energy department
established Aug 4, 1977 · cabinet-level department of the United States government
United States Department of Education department
established Oct 17, 1979 · U.S. federal government department concerning education
United States Department of Health and Human Services department
established May 4, 1980 · United States federal executive department
United States Department of Veterans Affairs department
established Mar 15, 1989 · department of the United States government
United States Department of Homeland Security department
established Nov 25, 2002 · United States federal executive department
Administrative Conference of the United States
established Jan 1, 1964 · independent agency of the United States government dedicated to improving federal agency administrative processes and procedures
Appalachian Regional Commission
established Jan 1, 1965 · United States independent federal agency that works for sustainable community and economic development in Appalachia
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
established Jan 1, 1965 · American government agency
Show 364 more
National Endowment for the Arts
established Jan 1, 1965 · independent agency of the United States federal government
National Endowment for the Humanities
established Sep 29, 1965 · independent federal agency of the United States government
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
established Jan 1, 1966 · United States federal agency that encourages the preservation of historic properties across the nation
National Transportation Safety Board
established Apr 1, 1967 · United States government investigative agency for civil transportation accidents
Postal Regulatory Commission
established Jan 1, 1970 · US regulatory agency
National Commission on Libraries and Information Science
established Jan 1, 1970 · U.S. government agency
National Credit Union Administration
established Mar 10, 1970 · independent federal agency of United States
United States Environmental Protection Agency
established Dec 2, 1970 · U.S. federal government agency
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
established Jan 1, 1971 · government agency of the United States of America
United States Postal Service
established Jul 1, 1971 · independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for providing postal service
Inter-American Foundation
established Jan 1, 1972 · independent agency of the United States government that funds community-led development in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Marine Mammal Commission
established Jan 1, 1972 · government organization in Bethesda, United States
United States Consumer Product Safety Commission
established Jan 1, 1972 · United States government agency
United States Access Board
established Jan 1, 1973 · United States government agency devoted to accessibility for people with disabilities
Energy Research and Development Administration
established Oct 11, 1974 · predecessor to the United States Department of Energy
Federal Election Commission
established Oct 15, 1974 · United States independent regulatory agency that regulates federal elections
Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation
established Dec 22, 1974 · US government independent agency
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
established Jan 19, 1975 · government agency of the United States
United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission
established Apr 15, 1975 · government agency
Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
established Jan 1, 1976 · independent agency of the United States government
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
established Jan 1, 1977 · independent Federal government agency in the USA
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
established Oct 1, 1977 · independent agency of the United States federal government
Federal Labor Relations Authority
established Jan 1, 1978 · U.S. government agency
United States Merit Systems Protection Board
established Jan 1, 1979 · United States agency
United States Office of Special Counsel
established Jan 1, 1979 · Independent investigative and prosecutorial body of the United States federal government.
United States African Development Foundation
established Jan 1, 1980 · independent agency of the United States that provides grants to community groups and small enterprises that benefit under-served and marginalized groups in Africa
United States Arctic Research Commission
established Jan 1, 1984 · United States independent federal agency that develops and recommends a national Arctic research policy
United States Sentencing Commission
established Jan 1, 1984 · independent agency of the U.S. federal judiciary which determines sentencing guidelines
Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship
established Jan 1, 1986 · American merit-based scholarship awarded to prospective scientists
Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board
established Jan 1, 1986 · Independent agency of the US government
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation
established Jan 1, 1986 · foundation established by United States Congress in 1986
United States Interagency Council on Homelessness
established Jan 1, 1987 · U.S. independent federal agency
Christopher Columbus Fellowship Foundation
established Jan 1, 1992 · nonprofit organization in Arlington, United States
Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation
established Jan 1, 1992 · Memorial U.S. indepedent executive branch
United States Trade and Development Agency
established Jan 1, 1992 · government agency
AmeriCorps
established Jan 1, 1993 · independent agency of the United States federal government
AmeriCorps Seniors
established Jan 1, 1993 · United States federal network of volunteer programs for Americans 55 years and older
Surface Transportation Board
established Jan 1, 1996 · independent agency of the United States federal government
Institute of Museum and Library Services
established Oct 1, 1996 · independent agency of the United States government, supporting libraries and museums
Denali Commission
established Jan 1, 1998 · independent agency of the United States government
U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
established Jan 1, 1998 · independent U.S. federal agency charged with investigating industrial chemical accidents
U.S. Agency for Global Media
established Oct 1, 1999 · independent agency of the United States government that broadcasts news and information about the United States and the world to audiences abroad
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
established Oct 25, 1999
Delta Regional Authority
established Jan 1, 2000 · agency of the United States federal government
United States–China Economic and Security Review Commission
established Oct 1, 2000 · independent agency of the United States government
Election Assistance Commission
established Jan 1, 2002 · independent agency of the United States government
Millennium Challenge Corporation
established Jan 1, 2004 · government agency
Office of the Federal Coordinator, Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects
established Oct 13, 2004
Federal Housing Finance Agency
established Jan 1, 2008 · U.S. federal agency
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
established Jul 21, 2011 · agency of the United States government responsible for consumer protection in the financial sector
National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service
established Sep 19, 2017
United States International Development Finance Corporation
established Dec 20, 2019 · an executive agency of the US federal government responsible for providing foreign aid
Council on Environmental Quality
established Jan 1, 1969 · U.S. presidential advisory committee on environmental policy
Office of Management and Budget
established Jan 1, 1970 · agency that prepares and evaluates the President of the United States' annual budget to Congress
Office of Science and Technology Policy
established Jan 1, 1976 · department of the United States government, part of the Executive Office of the President
Office of Administration
established Dec 12, 1977 · U.S. federal organization within the Executive Office of the President
Office of National Drug Control Policy
established Oct 27, 1989 · United States government agency
United States Homeland Security Council
established Jan 1, 2001 · U.S. federal executive public safety, immigration and disaster relief forum
Homeland Security Advisory Council
established Mar 19, 2002 · part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States
United States Digital Service
established Aug 11, 2014 · former digital services department of the Executive Office of the President of the United States
Office of the National Cyber Director
established Jan 1, 2021 · US government agency on cybersecurity
Office of Economic Opportunity
established Jan 1, 1964 · US American government entity
Federal Transit Administration
established Jul 9, 1964 · US agency providing financial and technical assistance to public transport operators
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
established Jan 1, 1965 · United States federal agency
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
established Jan 1, 1965 · part of the US federal department of Health and Human Services
U.S. Economic Development Administration
established Jan 1, 1965 · singular United States federal government agency focused exclusively on economic development
Defense Contract Audit Agency
established Jan 8, 1965 · American Dept of Defense auditing agency
Environmental Science Services Administration
established Jul 13, 1965 · former agency in the United States federal government
Federal Highway Administration
established Jan 1, 1966 · United States federal government agency
Federal Railroad Administration
established Jan 1, 1966 · agency of the U.S. Department of Transportation
National Earthquake Information Center
established Jan 1, 1966 · U.S. national data center and archive for earthquake information
Fermilab
established Nov 21, 1967 · high-energy particle physics laboratory in Illinois, USA
National Institute of Justice
established Jan 1, 1968 · United States institute of the Office of Justice Programs, Department of Justice
Food and Nutrition Service
established Jan 1, 1969 · U.S. federal anti-hunger program
Historic American Engineering Record
established Jan 1, 1969 · program of the U.S. National Park Service
Minority Business Development Agency
established Jan 1, 1969 · US Department of Commerce division for marginalized ethnic groups
Commission on Government Procurement
established Nov 26, 1969 · government commission
Amtrak Police Department
established Jan 1, 1970 · American railroad police agency
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
established Jan 1, 1970 · American agency of the Executive Branch of the Department of Transportation
National Marine Fisheries Service
established Jan 1, 1970 · an office of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement
established Jan 1, 1970 · often abbreviated NOAA OLE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
established Oct 3, 1970 · agency in the United States Federal Government
National Weather Service
established Oct 9, 1970 · U.S. forecasting agency of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Federal Protective Service
established Jan 1, 1971 · federal law enforcement agency of the United States
ACTION
established Jan 1, 1971 · former United States government agency
National Center for Toxicological Research
established Jan 27, 1971 · U.S. government agency
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
established Apr 28, 1971 · United States government research agency for preventing work-related health and safety problems
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
established Apr 28, 1971 · United States federal government agency
Youth Conservation Corps
established Aug 13, 1971 · youth program of the U.S. National Park Service providing jobs and environmental education
Central Security Service
established Dec 23, 1971 · United States government agency
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
established Jan 1, 1972 · United States federal agency division that protects and promotes U.S. agricultural health, regulates genetically engineered organisms, administers the Animal Welfare Act, and manages wildlife damage
Bureau of Economic Analysis
established Jan 1, 1972 · United States federal agency
Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency
established Jan 1, 1972 · agency in the U.S. Department of Defense
FBI Academy
established Jan 1, 1972 · academy located in Quantico, Virginia
U.S. National Institute of Education
established Jan 1, 1972 · United States government agency (1972–1985)
Office of Technology Assessment
established Jan 1, 1972 · organization in the United States
Agricultural Marketing Service
established Apr 7, 1972 · United States federal agency division that supports the fair marketing of U.S. agricultural products
Defense Mapping Agency
established Jul 1, 1972 · former mapping, charting, and geodesy organization of the United States Department of Defense
Federal Financing Bank
established Jan 1, 1973 · United States government corporation
National Finance Center
established Jan 1, 1973 · payroll and human resources service provider of the United States Department of Agriculture
Office of Net Assessment
established Jan 1, 1973 · Department of Defense threat assessment group
United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police
established Jan 1, 1973 · The security police of the US Department of Veterans Affairs.
Drug Enforcement Administration
established Jul 1, 1973 · United States federal law enforcement agency
Administration for Native Americans
established Jan 1, 1974 · United States federal agency division that promotes self-sufficiency and cultural preservation for Native Americans
Congressional Budget Office
established Jan 1, 1974 · government agency
Financial Management Service
established Jan 1, 1974 · bureau of the United States Treasury Department
Office of the Law Revision Counsel
established Jan 1, 1974 · prepares and publishes the United States Code
United States Fire Administration
established Jan 1, 1974 · government agency
Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
established Jan 1, 1974 · former agency of the United States Department of Defense
Office of Federal Procurement Policy
established Aug 30, 1974 · component of the United States Office of Management and Budget
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations
+119,835Federal Register API ↗
119,835 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Jan 1, 1994
9,497 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
76,891 proposed rules · 767,703 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.

Military4 files+35−22

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
+28−22UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 1 armed conflict → 7
Vietnam: South Vietnam vs. the Viet Cong
ended Dec 31, 1964 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against FNL
Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
began Aug 8, 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: al-Shabaab
began 2015 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
Iran–Israel conflict
began 2020 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Israel
Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen)
began Feb 3, 2024 · U.S. a principal party · against Ansarallah (the Houthis)
Syria: Islamic State
began 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Nigeria: Islamic State
began 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: Islamic State
began Feb 1, 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
21 conflicts began and ended in between
Laotian Civil War
Dec 31, 1963 – Sep 14, 1973 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Pathet Lao
Vietnam War
Dec 31, 1965 – Mar 29, 1973 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against North Vietnam
Cambodian Civil War
1970 – 1973 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against KR
Lebanese Civil War (Multinational Force)
1983 – 1984 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Amal, NSF
Invasion of Grenada
Oct 25, 1983 – Oct 27, 1983 · U.S. a principal party · against Grenada
Invasion of Panama
Dec 23, 1989 – Dec 23, 1989 · U.S. a principal party · against Panama
Gulf War
Jan 17, 1991 – Mar 1, 1991 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Kuwait
Kosovo War
Mar 24, 1999 – Nov 21, 1999 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against UCK
War against al-Qaida
Sep 11, 2001 – Dec 4, 2017 · U.S. a principal party · against al-Qaida
Invasion of Afghanistan
Oct 7, 2001 – Nov 13, 2001 · U.S. a principal party · against Afghanistan
War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
2003 – Aug 30, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against the Taliban
Invasion of Iraq
Mar 23, 2003 – Apr 28, 2003 · U.S. a principal party · against Iraq
Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
Jan 18, 2004 – Dec 18, 2011 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Ansar al-Islam, IS
Yemen: Houthis and AQAP
2009 – 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Ansarallah, AQAP
Afghanistan: Islamic State
Mar 3, 2015 – Aug 30, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Libya: Islamic State
2016 – Sep 29, 2019 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Niger: Islamic State
2017 – 2022 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Kenya: al-Shabaab
2019 – 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
Somalia: Islamic State
Jun 4, 2019 – Dec 19, 2021 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
War against al-Qaida
Jul 31, 2019 – Sep 7, 2019 · U.S. a principal party · against al-Qaida
Niger: JNIM
Dec 9, 2021 – 2022 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against JNIM
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded. UCDP data runs through 2025, so "active" on later dates means active at the end of 2025.
military/troopsU.S. troops abroad
−451,006 troops abroadDMDC via troopdata (Allen, Flynn & Martinez Machain) ↗
614,779 → 163,773 active-duty troops stationed abroad · 2,690,398 → 1,335,749 total active duty
28 → 10 countries with 1,000 or more U.S. troops
as of Sep 30, 1963 → as of Mar 31, 2026
Germany 254,057 → 37,009
−217,048
France 41,331 → 82
−41,249
Japan 90,140 → 54,891
−35,249
South Korea 56,910 → 23,372
−33,538
United Kingdom 27,438 → 10,158
−17,280
Vietnam 15,620 → 31
−15,589
Philippines 13,889 → 47
−13,842
Canada 11,484 → 159
−11,325
Spain 13,418 → 3,835
−9,583
Panama 9,382 → 26
−9,356
Turkey 10,475 → 1,675
−8,800
Puerto Rico 9,295 → 673
−8,622
Largest U.S. deployments as of Mar 31, 2026
Japan 54,891
Germany 37,009
South Korea 23,372
Italy 12,783
United Kingdom 10,158
Guam 7,137
Spain 3,835
Bahrain 3,151
Active-duty personnel assigned to each country in the Defense Department's location reports, which leave out most combat deployments, forces afloat, and short rotations: Iraq, Syria, and Afghanistan during their wars are press or Pentagon estimates, and Iraq and Syria read zero after 2023 although a few thousand troops remained. Each date shows the latest report on or before it.
military/spendingCost of war
$1.78T war fundingDoD Cost of War reports · CRS ↗
$1.78T spent on named war operations, fiscal years 2001–2024 · Defense Department obligations
Afghanistan $895B
Enduring Freedom → Freedom's Sentinel → Enduring Sentinel · FY2001–FY2024
Iraq & Syria $805B
Iraqi Freedom → New Dawn → Inherent Resolve · FY2001–FY2024
Ukraine $79.1B
U.S. support operations · FY2022–FY2024
Lifetime cost of wars fought in this window · constant FY2011 dollars (CRS)
Vietnam War $738B
2.3% of GDP in its peak year · 1965–1975
Gulf War $102B
0.3% of GDP in its peak year · 1990–1991
War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency) $321B
0.7% of GDP in its peak year · 2001–2021
Iraq War $784B
1% of GDP in its peak year · 2003–2011
Operation spending is what the Defense Department obligated to each named operation in each fiscal year, from its Cost of War reports; it excludes State Department and USAID programs, veterans' care, interest, and base budgets. Lifetime costs are the Congressional Research Service's estimates of direct military spending for each war, in FY2011 dollars.
military/authorizationsDeclarations of war & authorizations
+7Senate Historical Office ↗
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Aug 10, 1964 · Authorized military force in Southeast Asia (Pub. L. 88-408).
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution repealed
Jan 12, 1971 · Repealed by Pub. L. 91-672.
War Powers Resolution
Nov 7, 1973 · Congress overrode a veto to require the President to notify Congress of deployments and end them within 60 days without authorization.
Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution
Oct 12, 1983 · Authorized U.S. participation in the Multinational Force in Lebanon (Pub. L. 98-119).
Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq
Jan 14, 1991 · Authorized the Gulf War (Pub. L. 102-1).
Authorization for Use of Military Force (2001)
Sep 18, 2001 · Authorized force against those responsible for the September 11 attacks (Pub. L. 107-40).
Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq (2002)
Oct 16, 2002 · Authorized the Iraq War (Pub. L. 107-243).

Legislative4 files+13,242−527

legislative/controlControl of Congress
14 changesHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
88th Congress → 119th Congress · 31 new Congresses elected
14 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Democrat majority
250 D · 177 R
House: Republican majority
219 R · 214 D
Senate: Democrat majority
67 D · 33 R
Senate: Republican majority
53 R · 47 D
legislative/senateSenate
+100−100congress-legislators ↗
Dec 4, 1963 · 67 D · 33 R
Edward Lewis Bartlett (Democrat, AK)Ernest Gruening (Democrat, AK)John Jackson Sparkman (Democrat, AL)Joseph Lister Hill (Democrat, AL)John Little McClellan (Democrat, AR)James William Fulbright (Democrat, AR)Carl Trumbull Hayden (Democrat, AZ)Clair Engle (Democrat, CA)Thomas Joseph Dodd (Democrat, CT)Abraham Alexander Ribicoff (Democrat, CT)Spessard Lindsey Holland (Democrat, FL)George Armistead Smathers (Democrat, FL)Richard Brevard Russell Jr. (Democrat, GA)Herman Eugene Talmadge (Democrat, GA)Daniel K. Inouye (Democrat, HI)Frank Forrester Church (Democrat, ID)Paul Howard Douglas (Democrat, IL)Rupert Vance Hartke (Democrat, IN)Birch Evans Bayh (Democrat, IN)Allen Joseph Ellender (Democrat, LA)Russell Billiu Long (Democrat, LA)Edward M. Kennedy (Democrat, MA)Daniel Baugh Brewster (Democrat, MD)Edmund Sixtus Muskie (Democrat, ME)Philip Aloysius Hart (Democrat, MI)Patrick Vincent McNamara (Democrat, MI)Eugene Joseph McCarthy (Democrat, MN)Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (Democrat, MN)William Stuart Symington (Democrat, MO)Edward Vaughn Long (Democrat, MO)John Cornelius Stennis (Democrat, MS)James Oliver Eastland (Democrat, MS)Michael Joseph Mansfield (Democrat, MT)Lee Warren Metcalf (Democrat, MT)Benjamin Everett Jordan (Democrat, NC)Samuel James Ervin Jr. (Democrat, NC)Quentin Northrup Burdick (Democrat, ND)Thomas James McIntyre (Democrat, NH)Harrison Arlington Williams Jr. (Democrat, NJ)Clinton Presba Anderson (Democrat, NM)Howard Walter Cannon (Democrat, NV)Alan Harvey Bible (Democrat, NV)Stephen Marvin Young (Democrat, OH)Frank John Lausche (Democrat, OH)James Howard Edmondson (Democrat, OK)Almer Stillwell Mike Monroney (Democrat, OK)Maurine Brown Neuberger (Democrat, OR)Wayne Lyman Morse (Democrat, OR)Joseph Sill Clark (Democrat, PA)John Orlando Pastore (Democrat, RI)Claiborne de Borda Pell (Democrat, RI)J. Strom Thurmond (Democrat, SC)Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston (Democrat, SC)George Stanley McGovern (Democrat, SD)Albert Arnold Gore (Democrat, TN)Herbert Sanford Walters (Democrat, TN)Ralph Webster Yarborough (Democrat, TX)Frank Edward Moss (Democrat, UT)Harry Flood Byrd (Democrat, VA)Absalom Willis Robertson (Democrat, VA)Henry Martin Jackson (Democrat, WA)Warren Grant Magnuson (Democrat, WA)William Proxmire (Democrat, WI)Gaylord Anton Nelson (Democrat, WI)Robert C. Byrd (Democrat, WV)Jennings Randolph (Democrat, WV)Gale William McGee (Democrat, WY)Barry Morris Goldwater (Republican, AZ)Thomas Henry Kuchel (Republican, CA)Gordon Llewellyn Allott (Republican, CO)Peter Hoyt Dominick (Republican, CO)John James Williams (Republican, DE)James Caleb Boggs (Republican, DE)Hiram Leong Fong (Republican, HI)Jack Richard Miller (Republican, IA)Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper (Republican, IA)Leonard Beck Jordan (Republican, ID)Everett McKinley Dirksen (Republican, IL)James Blackwood Pearson (Republican, KS)Frank Carlson (Republican, KS)John Sherman Cooper (Republican, KY)Thruston Ballard Morton (Republican, KY)Leverett Saltonstall (Republican, MA)James Glenn Beall (Republican, MD)Margaret Chase Smith (Republican, ME)Milton Ruben Young (Republican, ND)Roman Lee Hruska (Republican, NE)Carl Thomas Curtis (Republican, NE)Norris H. Cotton (Republican, NH)Clifford Philip Case (Republican, NJ)Edwin Leard Mechem (Republican, NM)Kenneth Barnard Keating (Republican, NY)Jacob Koppel Javits (Republican, NY)Hugh Doggett Scott Jr. (Republican, PA)Karl Earl Mundt (Republican, SD)John Goodwin Tower (Republican, TX)Wallace Foster Bennett (Republican, UT)Winston Lewis Prouty (Republican, VT)George David Aiken (Republican, VT)Milward Lee Simpson (Republican, WY)
Oct 15, 2026 · 53 R · 45 D · 2 I
Mark Kelly (Democrat, AZ)Ruben Gallego (Democrat, AZ)Alex Padilla (Democrat, CA)Adam B. Schiff (Democrat, CA)John W. Hickenlooper (Democrat, CO)Michael F. Bennet (Democrat, CO)Richard Blumenthal (Democrat, CT)Christopher Murphy (Democrat, CT)Christopher A. Coons (Democrat, DE)Lisa Blunt Rochester (Democrat, DE)Jon Ossoff (Democrat, GA)Raphael G. Warnock (Democrat, GA)Brian Schatz (Democrat, HI)Mazie K. Hirono (Democrat, HI)Richard J. Durbin (Democrat, IL)Tammy Duckworth (Democrat, IL)Edward J. Markey (Democrat, MA)Elizabeth Warren (Democrat, MA)Chris Van Hollen (Democrat, MD)Angela D. Alsobrooks (Democrat, MD)Gary C. Peters (Democrat, MI)Elissa Slotkin (Democrat, MI)Tina Smith (Democrat, MN)Amy Klobuchar (Democrat, MN)Jeanne Shaheen (Democrat, NH)Margaret Wood Hassan (Democrat, NH)Cory A. Booker (Democrat, NJ)Andy Kim (Democrat, NJ)Ben Ray Luján (Democrat, NM)Martin Heinrich (Democrat, NM)Catherine Cortez Masto (Democrat, NV)Jacky Rosen (Democrat, NV)Charles E. Schumer (Democrat, NY)Kirsten E. Gillibrand (Democrat, NY)Jeff Merkley (Democrat, OR)Ron Wyden (Democrat, OR)John Fetterman (Democrat, PA)Jack Reed (Democrat, RI)Sheldon Whitehouse (Democrat, RI)Mark R. Warner (Democrat, VA)Tim Kaine (Democrat, VA)Peter Welch (Democrat, VT)Patty Murray (Democrat, WA)Maria Cantwell (Democrat, WA)Tammy Baldwin (Democrat, WI)Angus S. King, Jr. (Independent, ME)Bernard Sanders (Independent, VT)Dan Sullivan (Republican, AK)Lisa Murkowski (Republican, AK)Tommy Tuberville (Republican, AL)Katie Boyd Britt (Republican, AL)Tom Cotton (Republican, AR)John Boozman (Republican, AR)Rick Scott (Republican, FL)Ashley Moody (Republican, FL)Joni Ernst (Republican, IA)Chuck Grassley (Republican, IA)James E. Risch (Republican, ID)Mike Crapo (Republican, ID)Todd Young (Republican, IN)Jim Banks (Republican, IN)Roger Marshall (Republican, KS)Jerry Moran (Republican, KS)Mitch McConnell (Republican, KY)Rand Paul (Republican, KY)Bill Cassidy (Republican, LA)John Kennedy (Republican, LA)Susan M. Collins (Republican, ME)Eric Schmitt (Republican, MO)Josh Hawley (Republican, MO)Cindy Hyde-Smith (Republican, MS)Roger F. Wicker (Republican, MS)Steve Daines (Republican, MT)Tim Sheehy (Republican, MT)Thom Tillis (Republican, NC)Ted Budd (Republican, NC)John Hoeven (Republican, ND)Kevin Cramer (Republican, ND)Pete Ricketts (Republican, NE)Deb Fischer (Republican, NE)Bernie Moreno (Republican, OH)Jon Husted (Republican, OH)James Lankford (Republican, OK)Alan Armstrong (Republican, OK)David McCormick (Republican, PA)Tim Scott (Republican, SC)Darline Graham (Republican, SC)Mike Rounds (Republican, SD)John Thune (Republican, SD)Bill Hagerty (Republican, TN)Marsha Blackburn (Republican, TN)John Cornyn (Republican, TX)Ted Cruz (Republican, TX)Mike Lee (Republican, UT)John R. Curtis (Republican, UT)Ron Johnson (Republican, WI)Shelley Moore Capito (Republican, WV)James C. Justice (Republican, WV)Cynthia M. Lummis (Republican, WY)John Barrasso (Republican, WY)
100 new members · 100 departed · 0 served on both dates · women 2 → 27 · median age 59 → 66
54 seats changed party
James Caleb Boggs R
Delaware seat
Christopher A. Coons D
Delaware seat
Jennings Randolph D
West Virginia seat
Shelley Moore Capito R
West Virginia seat
Allen Joseph Ellender D
Louisiana seat
Bill Cassidy R
Louisiana seat
Leverett Saltonstall R
Massachusetts seat
Edward J. Markey D
Massachusetts seat
Show 50 more seat flips
John Little McClellan D
Arkansas seat
Tom Cotton R
Arkansas seat
Lee Warren Metcalf D
Montana seat
Steve Daines R
Montana seat
Clifford Philip Case R
New Jersey seat
Cory A. Booker D
New Jersey seat
Edward Lewis Bartlett D
Alaska seat
Dan Sullivan R
Alaska seat
Benjamin Everett Jordan D
North Carolina seat
Thom Tillis R
North Carolina seat
James Oliver Eastland D
Mississippi seat
Cindy Hyde-Smith R
Mississippi seat
John Jackson Sparkman D
Alabama seat
Tommy Tuberville R
Alabama seat
Gordon Llewellyn Allott R
Colorado seat
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado seat
Herbert Sanford Walters D
Tennessee seat
Bill Hagerty R
Tennessee seat
Peter Hoyt Dominick R
Colorado seat
Michael F. Bennet D
Colorado seat
James William Fulbright D
Arkansas seat
John Boozman R
Arkansas seat
Frank Forrester Church D
Idaho seat
Mike Crapo R
Idaho seat
Gaylord Anton Nelson D
Wisconsin seat
Ron Johnson R
Wisconsin seat
Almer Stillwell Mike Monroney D
Oklahoma seat
James Lankford R
Oklahoma seat
Ernest Gruening D
Alaska seat
Lisa Murkowski R
Alaska seat
Jacob Koppel Javits R
New York seat
Charles E. Schumer D
New York seat
Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston D
South Carolina seat
Tim Scott R
South Carolina seat
George Stanley McGovern D
South Dakota seat
John Thune R
South Dakota seat
George David Aiken R
Vermont seat
Peter Welch D
Vermont seat
Birch Evans Bayh D
Indiana seat
Todd Young R
Indiana seat
Everett McKinley Dirksen R
Illinois seat
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois seat
Russell Billiu Long D
Louisiana seat
John Kennedy R
Louisiana seat
Norris H. Cotton R
New Hampshire seat
Margaret Wood Hassan D
New Hampshire seat
Samuel James Ervin Jr. D
North Carolina seat
Ted Budd R
North Carolina seat
Thomas Henry Kuchel R
California seat
Alex Padilla D
California seat
Joseph Lister Hill D
Alabama seat
Katie Boyd Britt R
Alabama seat
Edward Vaughn Long D
Missouri seat
Eric Schmitt R
Missouri seat
Winston Lewis Prouty R
Vermont seat
Bernard Sanders I
Vermont seat
Gale William McGee D
Wyoming seat
John Barrasso R
Wyoming seat
John Cornelius Stennis D
Mississippi seat
Roger F. Wicker R
Mississippi seat
Kenneth Barnard Keating R
New York seat
Kirsten E. Gillibrand D
New York seat
Albert Arnold Gore D
Tennessee seat
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee seat
Edwin Leard Mechem R
New Mexico seat
Martin Heinrich D
New Mexico seat
Hiram Leong Fong R
Hawaii seat
Mazie K. Hirono D
Hawaii seat
Quentin Northrup Burdick D
North Dakota seat
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota seat
Ralph Webster Yarborough D
Texas seat
Ted Cruz R
Texas seat
Barry Morris Goldwater R
Arizona seat
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona seat
John James Williams R
Delaware seat
Lisa Blunt Rochester D
Delaware seat
Rupert Vance Hartke D
Indiana seat
Jim Banks R
Indiana seat
Frank Edward Moss D
Utah seat
John R. Curtis R
Utah seat
Spessard Lindsey Holland D
Florida seat
Rick Scott R
Florida seat
William Stuart Symington D
Missouri seat
Josh Hawley R
Missouri seat
James Glenn Beall R
Maryland seat
Angela D. Alsobrooks D
Maryland seat
Michael Joseph Mansfield D
Montana seat
Tim Sheehy R
Montana seat
Stephen Marvin Young D
Ohio seat
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio seat
Robert C. Byrd D
West Virginia seat
James C. Justice R
West Virginia seat
Frank John Lausche D
Ohio seat
Jon Husted R
Ohio seat
George Armistead Smathers D
Florida seat
Ashley Moody R
Florida seat
James Howard Edmondson D
Oklahoma seat
Alan Armstrong R
Oklahoma seat
J. Strom Thurmond D
South Carolina seat
Darline Graham R
South Carolina seat
Who joined and who left (100 in · 100 out)
Dan Sullivan R
Alaska
Lisa Murkowski R
Alaska
Tommy Tuberville R
Alabama
Katie Boyd Britt R
Alabama
Tom Cotton R
Arkansas
John Boozman R
Arkansas
Mark Kelly D
Arizona
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona
Alex Padilla D
California
Adam B. Schiff D
California
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado
Michael F. Bennet D
Colorado
Richard Blumenthal D
Connecticut
Christopher Murphy D
Connecticut
Christopher A. Coons D
Delaware
Lisa Blunt Rochester D
Delaware
Rick Scott R
Florida
Ashley Moody R
Florida
Jon Ossoff D
Georgia
Raphael G. Warnock D
Georgia
Brian Schatz D
Hawaii
Mazie K. Hirono D
Hawaii
Joni Ernst R
Iowa
Chuck Grassley R
Iowa
James E. Risch R
Idaho
Mike Crapo R
Idaho
Richard J. Durbin D
Illinois
Tammy Duckworth D
Illinois
Todd Young R
Indiana
Jim Banks R
Indiana
Roger Marshall R
Kansas
Jerry Moran R
Kansas
Mitch McConnell R
Kentucky
Rand Paul R
Kentucky
Bill Cassidy R
Louisiana
John Kennedy R
Louisiana
Edward J. Markey D
Massachusetts
Elizabeth Warren D
Massachusetts
Chris Van Hollen D
Maryland
Angela D. Alsobrooks D
Maryland
Susan M. Collins R
Maine
Angus S. King, Jr. I
Maine
Gary C. Peters D
Michigan
Elissa Slotkin D
Michigan
Tina Smith D
Minnesota
Amy Klobuchar D
Minnesota
Eric Schmitt R
Missouri
Josh Hawley R
Missouri
Cindy Hyde-Smith R
Mississippi
Roger F. Wicker R
Mississippi
Steve Daines R
Montana
Tim Sheehy R
Montana
Thom Tillis R
North Carolina
Ted Budd R
North Carolina
John Hoeven R
North Dakota
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota
Pete Ricketts R
Nebraska
Deb Fischer R
Nebraska
Jeanne Shaheen D
New Hampshire
Margaret Wood Hassan D
New Hampshire
Cory A. Booker D
New Jersey
Andy Kim D
New Jersey
Ben Ray Luján D
New Mexico
Martin Heinrich D
New Mexico
Catherine Cortez Masto D
Nevada
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada
Charles E. Schumer D
New York
Kirsten E. Gillibrand D
New York
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio
Jon Husted R
Ohio
James Lankford R
Oklahoma
Alan Armstrong R
Oklahoma
Jeff Merkley D
Oregon
Ron Wyden D
Oregon
John Fetterman D
Pennsylvania
David McCormick R
Pennsylvania
Jack Reed D
Rhode Island
Sheldon Whitehouse D
Rhode Island
Tim Scott R
South Carolina
Darline Graham R
South Carolina
Mike Rounds R
South Dakota
John Thune R
South Dakota
Bill Hagerty R
Tennessee
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee
John Cornyn R
Texas
Ted Cruz R
Texas
Mike Lee R
Utah
John R. Curtis R
Utah
Mark R. Warner D
Virginia
Tim Kaine D
Virginia
Peter Welch D
Vermont
Bernard Sanders I
Vermont
Patty Murray D
Washington
Maria Cantwell D
Washington
Ron Johnson R
Wisconsin
Tammy Baldwin D
Wisconsin
Shelley Moore Capito R
West Virginia
James C. Justice R
West Virginia
Cynthia M. Lummis R
Wyoming
John Barrasso R
Wyoming
Edward Lewis Bartlett D
Alaska
Ernest Gruening D
Alaska
John Jackson Sparkman D
Alabama
Joseph Lister Hill D
Alabama
John Little McClellan D
Arkansas
James William Fulbright D
Arkansas
Barry Morris Goldwater R
Arizona
Carl Trumbull Hayden D
Arizona
Clair Engle D
California
Thomas Henry Kuchel R
California
Gordon Llewellyn Allott R
Colorado
Peter Hoyt Dominick R
Colorado
Thomas Joseph Dodd D
Connecticut
Abraham Alexander Ribicoff D
Connecticut
John James Williams R
Delaware
James Caleb Boggs R
Delaware
Spessard Lindsey Holland D
Florida
George Armistead Smathers D
Florida
Richard Brevard Russell Jr. D
Georgia
Herman Eugene Talmadge D
Georgia
Hiram Leong Fong R
Hawaii
Daniel K. Inouye D
Hawaii
Jack Richard Miller R
Iowa
Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper R
Iowa
Leonard Beck Jordan R
Idaho
Frank Forrester Church D
Idaho
Paul Howard Douglas D
Illinois
Everett McKinley Dirksen R
Illinois
Rupert Vance Hartke D
Indiana
Birch Evans Bayh D
Indiana
James Blackwood Pearson R
Kansas
Frank Carlson R
Kansas
John Sherman Cooper R
Kentucky
Thruston Ballard Morton R
Kentucky
Allen Joseph Ellender D
Louisiana
Russell Billiu Long D
Louisiana
Leverett Saltonstall R
Massachusetts
Edward M. Kennedy D
Massachusetts
James Glenn Beall R
Maryland
Daniel Baugh Brewster D
Maryland
Edmund Sixtus Muskie D
Maine
Margaret Chase Smith R
Maine
Philip Aloysius Hart D
Michigan
Patrick Vincent McNamara D
Michigan
Eugene Joseph McCarthy D
Minnesota
Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. D
Minnesota
William Stuart Symington D
Missouri
Edward Vaughn Long D
Missouri
John Cornelius Stennis D
Mississippi
James Oliver Eastland D
Mississippi
Michael Joseph Mansfield D
Montana
Lee Warren Metcalf D
Montana
Benjamin Everett Jordan D
North Carolina
Samuel James Ervin Jr. D
North Carolina
Quentin Northrup Burdick D
North Dakota
Milton Ruben Young R
North Dakota
Roman Lee Hruska R
Nebraska
Carl Thomas Curtis R
Nebraska
Thomas James McIntyre D
New Hampshire
Norris H. Cotton R
New Hampshire
Harrison Arlington Williams Jr. D
New Jersey
Clifford Philip Case R
New Jersey
Clinton Presba Anderson D
New Mexico
Edwin Leard Mechem R
New Mexico
Howard Walter Cannon D
Nevada
Alan Harvey Bible D
Nevada
Kenneth Barnard Keating R
New York
Jacob Koppel Javits R
New York
Stephen Marvin Young D
Ohio
Frank John Lausche D
Ohio
James Howard Edmondson D
Oklahoma
Almer Stillwell Mike Monroney D
Oklahoma
Maurine Brown Neuberger D
Oregon
Wayne Lyman Morse D
Oregon
Hugh Doggett Scott Jr. R
Pennsylvania
Joseph Sill Clark D
Pennsylvania
John Orlando Pastore D
Rhode Island
Claiborne de Borda Pell D
Rhode Island
J. Strom Thurmond D
South Carolina
Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston D
South Carolina
Karl Earl Mundt R
South Dakota
George Stanley McGovern D
South Dakota
Albert Arnold Gore D
Tennessee
Herbert Sanford Walters D
Tennessee
Ralph Webster Yarborough D
Texas
John Goodwin Tower R
Texas
Frank Edward Moss D
Utah
Wallace Foster Bennett R
Utah
Harry Flood Byrd D
Virginia
Absalom Willis Robertson D
Virginia
Winston Lewis Prouty R
Vermont
George David Aiken R
Vermont
Henry Martin Jackson D
Washington
Warren Grant Magnuson D
Washington
William Proxmire D
Wisconsin
Gaylord Anton Nelson D
Wisconsin
Robert C. Byrd D
West Virginia
Jennings Randolph D
West Virginia
Gale William McGee D
Wyoming
Milward Lee Simpson R
Wyoming
legislative/houseHouse
+433−427congress-legislators ↗
Dec 4, 1963 · 250 D · 177 R
Ralph Julian Rivers (Democrat, AK-AL)Carl Atwood Elliott (Democrat, AL-AL)Oren Harris (Democrat, AR-4)James William Trimble (Democrat, AR-3)Ezekiel Candler Gathings (Democrat, AR-1)Wilbur Daigh Mills (Democrat, AR-2)George Frederick Senner Jr. (Democrat, AZ-3)Morris King Udall (Democrat, AZ-2)Everett Glen Burkhalter (Democrat, CA-27)Clyde Gilman Doyle (Democrat, CA-23)John Francis Shelley (Democrat, CA-5)Harry Richard Sheppard (Democrat, CA-33)Ronald Brooks Cameron (Democrat, CA-25)Harlan Francis Hagen (Democrat, CA-18)James Roosevelt (Democrat, CA-26)Cecil Rhodes King (Democrat, CA-17)Jeffery Cohelan (Democrat, CA-7)George Paul Miller (Democrat, CA-8)Richard Thomas Hanna (Democrat, CA-34)Chester Earl Holifield (Democrat, CA-19)Robert Louis Leggett (Democrat, CA-4)John Joseph McFall (Democrat, CA-15)John Emerson Moss (Democrat, CA-3)Bernice Frederic Sisk (Democrat, CA-16)James Charles Corman (Democrat, CA-22)Harold Terry Johnson (Democrat, CA-2)Lionel Van Deerlin (Democrat, CA-37)Charles Herbert Wilson (Democrat, CA-31)Augustus Freeman Hawkins (Democrat, CA-21)Edward Ross Roybal (Democrat, CA-30)William Donlon Edwards (Democrat, CA-9)George E. Brown Jr. (Democrat, CA-29)Byron Giles Rogers (Democrat, CO-1)Wayne Norviel Aspinall (Democrat, CO-4)Bernard Francis Grabowski (Democrat, CT-AL)Emilio Quincy Daddario (Democrat, CT-1)William Leon St. Onge (Democrat, CT-2)John Stephen Monagan (Democrat, CT-5)Robert Nicholas Giaimo (Democrat, CT-3)Harris Brown McDowell Jr. (Democrat, DE-AL)Donald Ray Matthews (Democrat, FL-8)Albert Sydney Herlong Jr. (Democrat, FL-5)James Andrew Haley (Democrat, FL-7)Paul Grant Rogers (Democrat, FL-6)Robert Lee Fulton Sikes (Democrat, FL-1)Don Fuqua (Democrat, FL-9)Claude Denson Pepper (Democrat, FL-3)Charles Edward Bennett (Democrat, FL-2)Dante Bruno Fascell (Democrat, FL-4)Sam Melville Gibbons (Democrat, FL-10)Elijah Lewis Forrester (Democrat, GA-3)John Leonard Pilcher (Democrat, GA-2)Carl Vinson (Democrat, GA-6)James Russell Tuten (Democrat, GA-8)Charles Longstreet Weltner (Democrat, GA-5)George Elliott Hagan (Democrat, GA-1)John William Davis (Democrat, GA-7)Phillip Mitchell Landrum (Democrat, GA-9)Robert Grier Stephens Jr. (Democrat, GA-10)John James Flynt Jr. (Democrat, GA-4)Thomas Ponce Gill (Democrat, HI-1)Spark Masayuki Matsunaga (Democrat, HI-2)Neal Edward Smith (Democrat, IA-5)Ralph R. Harding (Democrat, ID-2)Compton Ignatius White Jr. (Democrat, ID-1)Edward Rowan Finnegan (Democrat, IL-9)Roland Victor Libonati (Democrat, IL-7)Thomas Joseph O’Brien (Democrat, IL-6)Barratt O’Hara (Democrat, IL-2)William Levi Dawson (Democrat, IL-1)William Thomas Murphy (Democrat, IL-3)Roman Conrad Pucinski (Democrat, IL-11)John Carl Kluczynski (Democrat, IL-5)George Edward Shipley (Democrat, IL-23)Kenneth James Gray (Democrat, IL-21)Charles Melvin Price (Democrat, IL-24)Daniel David Rostenkowski (Democrat, IL-8)Winfield Kirkpatrick Denton (Democrat, IN-8)Ray John Madden (Democrat, IN-1)John Edward Roush (Democrat, IN-5)John Brademas (Democrat, IN-3)Frank Leslie Chelf (Democrat, KY-4)John Clarence Watts (Democrat, KY-6)Frank Albert Stubblefield (Democrat, KY-1)Carl Dewey Perkins (Democrat, KY-7)William Huston Natcher (Democrat, KY-2)James Hobson Morrison (Democrat, LA-6)Theo Ashton Thompson (Democrat, LA-7)Edwin Edward Willis (Democrat, LA-3)Thomas Hale Boggs Sr. (Democrat, LA-2)Felix Edward Hébert (Democrat, LA-1)Otto Ernest Passman (Democrat, LA-5)Joseph David Waggonner Jr. (Democrat, LA-4)Gillis William Long (Democrat, LA-8)John William McCormack (Democrat, MA-9)Philip Joseph Philbin (Democrat, MA-3)Harold Daniel Donohue (Democrat, MA-4)Torbert Hart Macdonald (Democrat, MA-7)James Anthony Burke (Democrat, MA-11)Thomas Phillip O’Neill Jr. (Democrat, MA-8)Edward Patrick Boland (Democrat, MA-2)Richard Estep Lankford (Democrat, MD-5)Carlton Ralph Sickles (Democrat, MD-AL)George Hyde Fallon (Democrat, MD-4)Samuel Nathaniel Friedel (Democrat, MD-7)Edward Alexander Garmatz (Democrat, MD-3)Clarence Dickinson Long (Democrat, MD-2)John Lesinski Jr. (Democrat, MI-16)Harold Martin Ryan (Democrat, MI-14)Neil Oliver Staebler (Democrat, MI-AL)Martha Wright Griffiths (Democrat, MI-17)James Grant O’Hara (Democrat, MI-7)Charles Coles Diggs Jr. (Democrat, MI-13)Lucien Norbert Nedzi (Democrat, MI-1)John D. Dingell (Democrat, MI-15)Alec Gehard Olson (Democrat, MN-6)John Anton Blatnik (Democrat, MN-8)Joseph Edward Karth (Democrat, MN-4)Donald MacKay Fraser (Democrat, MN-5)Clarence Andrew Cannon (Democrat, MO-9)Paul Caruthers Jones (Democrat, MO-10)Frank Melvin Karsten (Democrat, MO-1)William Raleigh Hull Jr. (Democrat, MO-6)William Joseph Randall (Democrat, MO-4)Leonor Kretzer Sullivan (Democrat, MO-3)Richard Howard Ichord II (Democrat, MO-8)Richard Walker Bolling (Democrat, MO-5)William Arthur Winstead (Democrat, MS-4)John Bell Williams (Democrat, MS-3)Thomas Gerstle Abernethy (Democrat, MS-1)William Meyers Colmer (Democrat, MS-5)Jamie Lloyd Whitten (Democrat, MS-2)Arnold Olsen (Democrat, MT-1)Herbert Covington Bonner (Democrat, NC-1)Harold Dunbar Cooley (Democrat, NC-4)Ralph James Scott (Democrat, NC-5)Horace Robinson Kornegay (Democrat, NC-6)Basil Lee Whitener (Democrat, NC-10)Alton Asa Lennon (Democrat, NC-7)David Newton Henderson (Democrat, NC-3)Roy Arthur Taylor (Democrat, NC-11)Lawrence H. Fountain (Democrat, NC-2)Charles Samuel Joelson (Democrat, NJ-8)Cornelius Edward Gallagher (Democrat, NJ-13)Dominick Vincent Daniels (Democrat, NJ-14)Edward James Patten (Democrat, NJ-15)Frank Thompson Jr. (Democrat, NJ-4)Joseph George Minish (Democrat, NJ-11)Peter Wallace Rodino Jr. (Democrat, NJ-10)Joseph Manuel Montoya (Democrat, NM-AL)Walter Stephan Baring Jr. (Democrat, NV-AL)Charles Anthony Buckley (Democrat, NY-23)James Christopher Healey (Democrat, NY-21)Eugene James Keogh (Democrat, NY-11)Leo William O’Brien (Democrat, NY-29)Edna Flannery Kelly (Democrat, NY-12)Abraham Jacob Multer (Democrat, NY-13)Leonard Farbstein (Democrat, NY-19)Jacob H. Gilbert (Democrat, NY-22)Adam Clayton Powell Jr. (Democrat, NY-18)Emanuel Celler (Democrat, NY-10)William Fitts Ryan (Democrat, NY-20)Hugh Leo Carey (Democrat, NY-15)Thaddeus Joseph Dulski (Democrat, NY-41)John James Rooney (Democrat, NY-14)James Joseph Delaney (Democrat, NY-9)Otis Grey Pike (Democrat, NY-1)John Michael Murphy (Democrat, NY-16)Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal (Democrat, NY-8)Joseph Patrick Addabbo (Democrat, NY-7)Samuel Studdiford Stratton (Democrat, NY-35)Robert Thompson Secrest (Democrat, OH-15)Michael Aloysius Feighan (Democrat, OH-20)Michael Joseph Kirwan (Democrat, OH-19)Wayne Levere Hays (Democrat, OH-18)Thomas Ludlow Ashley (Democrat, OH-9)Charles Albert Vanik (Democrat, OH-21)Victor Eugene Wickersham (Democrat, OK-6)Edmond Augustus Edmondson (Democrat, OK-2)Carl Bert Albert (Democrat, OK-3)John Jarman (Democrat, OK-5)Thomas Jefferson Steed (Democrat, OK-4)Edith Starrett Green (Democrat, OR-3)Robert Blackford Duncan (Democrat, OR-4)Albert Conrad Ullman (Democrat, OR-2)William Joseph Green Jr. (Democrat, PA-5)Francis Eugene Walter (Democrat, PA-15)Herman Toll (Democrat, PA-4)Elmer Joseph Holland (Democrat, PA-20)George Milton Rhodes (Democrat, PA-6)James Aloysius Byrne (Democrat, PA-3)Frank Monroe Clark (Democrat, PA-25)William Aloysius Barrett (Democrat, PA-1)Thomas Ellsworth Morgan (Democrat, PA-26)John Herman Dent (Democrat, PA-21)Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix Sr. (Democrat, PA-2)Daniel John Flood (Democrat, PA-11)William Singer Moorhead (Democrat, PA-14)John Edward Fogarty (Democrat, RI-2)Fernand Joseph St. Germain (Democrat, RI-1)Robert Witherspoon Hemphill (Democrat, SC-5)Robert Thomas Ashmore (Democrat, SC-4)Lucius Mendel Rivers (Democrat, SC-1)Albert William Watson (Democrat, SC-2)John Lanneau McMillan (Democrat, SC-6)William Jennings Bryan Dorn (Democrat, SC-3)Ross Bass (Democrat, TN-6)Clifford Davis (Democrat, TN-9)Thomas Jefferson Murray (Democrat, TN-7)Robert Ashton Everett (Democrat, TN-8)Joseph Landon Evins (Democrat, TN-4)Richard Harmon Fulton (Democrat, TN-5)Joe Madison Kilgore (Democrat, TX-15)William Homer Thornberry (Democrat, TX-10)Lindley Garrison Beckworth Sr. (Democrat, TX-3)Walter Edward Rogers (Democrat, TX-18)Albert Thomas (Democrat, TX-8)Clark Wallace Thompson (Democrat, TX-9)Joe Richard Pool (Democrat, TX-AL)John Vernard Dowdy (Democrat, TX-7)Graham Boynton Purcell Jr. (Democrat, TX-13)Ovie Clark Fisher (Democrat, TX-21)Robert Randolph Casey (Democrat, TX-22)John William Wright Patman (Democrat, TX-1)Omar Truman Burleson (Democrat, TX-17)George Herman Mahon (Democrat, TX-19)William Robert Poage (Democrat, TX-11)Olin Earl Teague (Democrat, TX-6)John Andrew Young (Democrat, TX-14)Herbert Ray Roberts (Democrat, TX-4)James Claude Wright Jr. (Democrat, TX-12)Jack Bascom Brooks (Democrat, TX-2)Henry Barbosa González (Democrat, TX-20)Julian Vaughan Gary (Democrat, VA-3)William Pat Jennings (Democrat, VA-9)Howard Worth Smith (Democrat, VA-8)Porter Hardy Jr. (Democrat, VA-2)William Munford Tuck (Democrat, VA-5)John Otho Marsh Jr. (Democrat, VA-7)Watkins Moorman Abbitt (Democrat, VA-4)Thomas Nelms Downing (Democrat, VA-1)Julia Butler Hansen (Democrat, WA-3)Lester Roland Johnson (Democrat, WI-9)Henry Schoellkopf Reuss (Democrat, WI-5)Clement John Zablocki (Democrat, WI-4)Robert William Kastenmeier (Democrat, WI-2)Maude Elizabeth Kee (Democrat, WV-5)Kenneth William Hechler (Democrat, WV-4)John Mark Slack Jr. (Democrat, WV-3)Harley Orrin Staggers (Democrat, WV-2)John Jacob Rhodes (Republican, AZ-1)Patrick Minor Martin (Republican, CA-38)John Finley Baldwin Jr. (Republican, CA-14)Jesse Arthur Younger (Republican, CA-11)Glenard Paul Lipscomb (Republican, CA-24)James Boyd Utt (Republican, CA-35)H. Allen Smith (Republican, CA-20)Charles Samuel Gubser (Republican, CA-10)Craig Hosmer (Republican, CA-32)William Somers Mailliard (Republican, CA-6)Charles McKevett Teague (Republican, CA-13)Alphonzo Bell (Republican, CA-28)Burt Lacklen Talcott (Republican, CA-12)Robert Carlton Wilson (Republican, CA-36)Donald Holst Clausen (Republican, CA-1)John Edgar Chenoweth (Republican, CO-3)Donald Glenn Brotzman (Republican, CO-2)Abner Woodruff Sibal (Republican, CT-4)William Cato Cramer (Republican, FL-12)Edward John Gurney (Republican, FL-11)James Edward Bromwell (Republican, IA-2)Charles Bernard Hoeven (Republican, IA-6)Benton Franklin Jensen (Republican, IA-7)John Henry Kyl (Republican, IA-4)Frederick Delbert Schwengel (Republican, IA-1)Harold Royce Gross (Republican, IA-3)Elmer Joseph Hoffman (Republican, IL-14)Robert Thaddeus McLoskey (Republican, IL-19)Donald Henry Rumsfeld (Republican, IL-13)Charlotte Thompson Reid (Republican, IL-15)William Lee Springer (Republican, IL-22)Leslie Cornelius Arends (Republican, IL-17)Harold Reginald Collier (Republican, IL-10)John Bayard Anderson (Republican, IL-16)Edward Joseph Derwinski (Republican, IL-4)Paul Findley (Republican, IL-20)Robert McClory (Republican, IL-12)Robert Henry Michel (Republican, IL-18)Donald Cogley Bruce (Republican, IN-11)Earl Wilson (Republican, IN-9)Ralph Harvey (Republican, IN-10)Charles Abraham Halleck (Republican, IN-2)Edwin Adair (Republican, IN-4)Richard Lowell Roudebush (Republican, IN-6)William Gilmer Bray (Republican, IN-7)William Henry Avery (Republican, KS-2)Robert Fred Ellsworth (Republican, KS-3)Garner E. Shriver (Republican, KS-4)Joe Skubitz (Republican, KS-5)Robert Joseph Dole (Republican, KS-1)Eugene Siler (Republican, KY-5)Marion Gene Snyder (Republican, KY-3)Joseph William Martin Jr. (Republican, MA-10)William Henry Bates (Republican, MA-6)Hastings Keith (Republican, MA-12)Frank Bradford Morse (Republican, MA-5)Silvio Ottavio Conte (Republican, MA-1)Rogers Clark Ballard Morton (Republican, MD-1)Charles McCurdy Mathias Jr. (Republican, MD-6)Clifford Guy McIntire (Republican, ME-2)Stanley Roger Tupper (Republican, ME-1)John Bonifas Bennett (Republican, MI-12)August Edgar Johansen (Republican, MI-3)Victor Alfred Knox (Republican, MI-11)George Meader (Republican, MI-2)Charles Ernest Chamberlain (Republican, MI-6)Robert Paul Griffin (Republican, MI-9)James Harvey (Republican, MI-8)Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (Republican, MI-5)J. Edward Hutchinson (Republican, MI-4)Elford Albin Cederberg (Republican, MI-10)William S. Broomfield (Republican, MI-18)Odin Elsford Stanley Langen (Republican, MN-7)Clark MacGregor (Republican, MN-3)Ancher Nelsen (Republican, MN-2)Albert Harold Quie (Republican, MN-1)Thomas Bradford Curtis (Republican, MO-2)Durward Gorham Hall (Republican, MO-7)James Franklin Battin (Republican, MT-2)Charles Raper Jonas (Republican, NC-8)James Thomas Broyhill (Republican, NC-9)Hjalmar Carl Nygaard (Republican, ND-1)Don Levingston Short (Republican, ND-2)Ralph Frederick Beermann (Republican, NE-1)Glenn Clarence Cunningham (Republican, NE-2)David Thomas Martin (Republican, NE-3)Louis Crosby Wyman (Republican, NH-1)James Colgate Cleveland (Republican, NH-2)James Coats Auchincloss (Republican, NJ-3)Milton Willits Glenn (Republican, NJ-2)Frank Charles Osmers Jr. (Republican, NJ-9)George Marvin Wallhauser (Republican, NJ-12)William Thomas Cahill (Republican, NJ-1)Florence Price Dwyer (Republican, NJ-6)Peter Hood Ballantine Frelinghuysen Jr. (Republican, NJ-5)William Beck Widnall (Republican, NJ-7)Robert Raymond Barry (Republican, NY-25)Frank John Becker (Republican, NY-5)Steven Boghos Derounian (Republican, NY-3)Clarence Evans Kilburn (Republican, NY-31)William Edward Miller (Republican, NY-40)Harold Charles Ostertag (Republican, NY-37)John Raymond Pillion (Republican, NY-39)Roy Walter Riehlman (Republican, NY-34)Katharine Price Collier St. George (Republican, NY-27)James Ernest Wharton (Republican, NY-28)John Vliet Lindsay (Republican, NY-17)Paul Albert Fino (Republican, NY-24)Charles Ellsworth Goodell (Republican, NY-38)Seymour Halpern (Republican, NY-6)Alexander Pirnie (Republican, NY-32)James Russell Grover Jr. (Republican, NY-2)Carleton James King (Republican, NY-30)Ogden Rogers Reid (Republican, NY-26)Howard Winfield Robison (Republican, NY-33)John Waldemar Wydler (Republican, NY-4)Frank Jefferson Horton (Republican, NY-36)Homer E. Abele (Republican, OH-10)Oliver Payne Bolton (Republican, OH-11)Carl West Rich (Republican, OH-1)Paul Fornshell Schenck (Republican, OH-3)Clarence J. Brown (Republican, OH-7)Frances Payne Bolton (Republican, OH-22)William Hanes Ayres (Republican, OH-14)Jackson Edward Betts (Republican, OH-8)Frank Townsend Bow (Republican, OH-16)William Moore McCulloch (Republican, OH-4)Robert Taft Jr. (Republican, OH-AL)William Edwin Minshall Jr. (Republican, OH-23)Donald Daniel Clancy (Republican, OH-2)Charles Adams Mosher (Republican, OH-13)Samuel Leeper Devine (Republican, OH-12)William Howard Harsha (Republican, OH-6)John Milan Ashbrook (Republican, OH-17)Delbert Leroy Latta (Republican, OH-5)Page Henry Belcher (Republican, OK-1)Albin Walter Norblad Jr. (Republican, OR-1)Leon Harry Gavin (Republican, PA-23)William H. Milliken Jr. (Republican, PA-7)James Dorman Weaver (Republican, PA-24)Willard Sevier Curtin (Republican, PA-8)Paul Bartram Dague (Republican, PA-9)John Crain Kunkel (Republican, PA-16)Robert James Corbett (Republican, PA-18)James Grove Fulton (Republican, PA-27)John Irving Whalley (Republican, PA-12)George Atlee Goodling (Republican, PA-19)John Phillips Saylor (Republican, PA-22)Herman Theodore Schneebeli (Republican, PA-17)Richard Schultz Schweiker (Republican, PA-13)Joseph Michael McDade (Republican, PA-10)Ellis Yarnal Berry (Republican, SD-2)Benjamin Reifel (Republican, SD-1)Howard Henry Baker (Republican, TN-2)William Emerson Brock III (Republican, TN-3)James Henry Quillen (Republican, TN-1)Bruce Reynolds Alger (Republican, TX-5)Edgar Franklin Foreman (Republican, TX-16)Laurence Junior Burton (Republican, UT-1)Sherman Parkinson Lloyd (Republican, UT-2)Richard Harding Poff (Republican, VA-6)Joel Thomas Broyhill (Republican, VA-10)Robert Theodore Stafford (Republican, VT-AL)Walter Franklin Horan (Republican, WA-5)K. William Stinson (Republican, WA-7)Thor Carl Tollefson (Republican, WA-6)Alfred John Westland (Republican, WA-2)Catherine Dean May (Republican, WA-4)Thomas Minor Pelly (Republican, WA-1)William Kaiser Van Pelt (Republican, WI-6)Melvin Robert Laird (Republican, WI-7)Henry Carl Schadeberg (Republican, WI-1)John William Byrnes (Republican, WI-8)Alvin Edward O’Konski (Republican, WI-10)Vernon Wallace Thomson (Republican, WI-3)Arch Alfred Moore Jr. (Republican, WV-1)William Henry Harrison (Republican, WY-AL)
Oct 15, 2026 · 218 R · 214 D · 1 I
Terri A. Sewell (Democrat, AL-7)Shomari Figures (Democrat, AL-2)Greg Stanton (Democrat, AZ-4)Yassamin Ansari (Democrat, AZ-3)Adelita S. Grijalva (Democrat, AZ-7)Judy Chu (Democrat, CA-28)Jim Costa (Democrat, CA-21)John Garamendi (Democrat, CA-8)Zoe Lofgren (Democrat, CA-18)Doris O. Matsui (Democrat, CA-7)Nancy Pelosi (Democrat, CA-11)Brad Sherman (Democrat, CA-32)Linda T. Sánchez (Democrat, CA-38)Mike Thompson (Democrat, CA-4)Maxine Waters (Democrat, CA-43)Jared Huffman (Democrat, CA-2)Ami Bera (Democrat, CA-6)Julia Brownley (Democrat, CA-26)Raul Ruiz (Democrat, CA-25)Mark Takano (Democrat, CA-39)Juan Vargas (Democrat, CA-52)Scott H. Peters (Democrat, CA-50)Mark DeSaulnier (Democrat, CA-10)Pete Aguilar (Democrat, CA-33)Ted Lieu (Democrat, CA-36)Norma J. Torres (Democrat, CA-35)Ro Khanna (Democrat, CA-17)Jimmy Panetta (Democrat, CA-19)Salud O. Carbajal (Democrat, CA-24)Nanette Diaz Barragán (Democrat, CA-44)J. Luis Correa (Democrat, CA-46)Jimmy Gomez (Democrat, CA-34)Josh Harder (Democrat, CA-9)Mike Levin (Democrat, CA-49)Sara Jacobs (Democrat, CA-51)Kevin Mullin (Democrat, CA-15)Sydney Kamlager-Dove (Democrat, CA-37)Robert Garcia (Democrat, CA-42)Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (Democrat, CA-31)Lateefah Simon (Democrat, CA-12)Adam Gray (Democrat, CA-13)Sam T. Liccardo (Democrat, CA-16)George Whitesides (Democrat, CA-27)Luz M. Rivas (Democrat, CA-29)Laura Friedman (Democrat, CA-30)Derek Tran (Democrat, CA-45)Dave Min (Democrat, CA-47)Aisha Wahab (Democrat, CA-14)Diana DeGette (Democrat, CO-1)Joe Neguse (Democrat, CO-2)Jason Crow (Democrat, CO-6)Brittany Pettersen (Democrat, CO-7)Joe Courtney (Democrat, CT-2)Rosa L. DeLauro (Democrat, CT-3)James A. Himes (Democrat, CT-4)John B. Larson (Democrat, CT-1)Jahana Hayes (Democrat, CT-5)Sarah McBride (Democrat, DE-AL)Kathy Castor (Democrat, FL-14)Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Democrat, FL-25)Frederica S. Wilson (Democrat, FL-24)Lois Frankel (Democrat, FL-22)Darren Soto (Democrat, FL-9)Maxwell Frost (Democrat, FL-10)Jared Moskowitz (Democrat, FL-23)Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Democrat, GA-2)Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (Democrat, GA-4)Lucy McBath (Democrat, GA-6)Nikema Williams (Democrat, GA-5)Everton Blair Jr. (Democrat, GA-13)Ed Case (Democrat, HI-1)Jill N. Tokuda (Democrat, HI-2)Danny K. Davis (Democrat, IL-7)Mike Quigley (Democrat, IL-5)Janice D. Schakowsky (Democrat, IL-9)Bill Foster (Democrat, IL-11)Robin L. Kelly (Democrat, IL-2)Bradley Scott Schneider (Democrat, IL-10)Raja Krishnamoorthi (Democrat, IL-8)Jesús G. "Chuy" García (Democrat, IL-4)Sean Casten (Democrat, IL-6)Lauren Underwood (Democrat, IL-14)Jonathan L. Jackson (Democrat, IL-1)Delia C. Ramirez (Democrat, IL-3)Nikki Budzinski (Democrat, IL-13)Eric Sorensen (Democrat, IL-17)André Carson (Democrat, IN-7)Frank J. Mrvan (Democrat, IN-1)Sharice Davids (Democrat, KS-3)Morgan McGarvey (Democrat, KY-3)Troy A. Carter (Democrat, LA-2)Cleo Fields (Democrat, LA-6)William R. Keating (Democrat, MA-9)Stephen F. Lynch (Democrat, MA-8)James P. McGovern (Democrat, MA-2)Richard E. Neal (Democrat, MA-1)Katherine M. Clark (Democrat, MA-5)Seth Moulton (Democrat, MA-6)Lori Trahan (Democrat, MA-3)Ayanna Pressley (Democrat, MA-7)Jake Auchincloss (Democrat, MA-4)Steny H. Hoyer (Democrat, MD-5)Jamie Raskin (Democrat, MD-8)Kweisi Mfume (Democrat, MD-7)Glenn Ivey (Democrat, MD-4)Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (Democrat, MD-2)Sarah Elfreth (Democrat, MD-3)April McClain Delaney (Democrat, MD-6)Chellie Pingree (Democrat, ME-1)Jared F. Golden (Democrat, ME-2)Debbie Dingell (Democrat, MI-6)Haley M. Stevens (Democrat, MI-11)Rashida Tlaib (Democrat, MI-12)Hillary J. Scholten (Democrat, MI-3)Shri Thanedar (Democrat, MI-13)Kristen McDonald Rivet (Democrat, MI-8)Betty McCollum (Democrat, MN-4)Angie Craig (Democrat, MN-2)Ilhan Omar (Democrat, MN-5)Kelly Morrison (Democrat, MN-3)Emanuel Cleaver (Democrat, MO-5)Wesley Bell (Democrat, MO-1)Bennie G. Thompson (Democrat, MS-2)Alma S. Adams (Democrat, NC-12)Deborah K. Ross (Democrat, NC-2)Donald G. Davis (Democrat, NC-1)Valerie P. Foushee (Democrat, NC-4)Chris Pappas (Democrat, NH-1)Maggie Goodlander (Democrat, NH-2)Frank Pallone, Jr. (Democrat, NJ-6)Donald Norcross (Democrat, NJ-1)Bonnie Watson Coleman (Democrat, NJ-12)Josh Gottheimer (Democrat, NJ-5)Robert Menendez (Democrat, NJ-8)LaMonica McIver (Democrat, NJ-10)Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (Democrat, NJ-3)Nellie Pou (Democrat, NJ-9)Analilia Mejia (Democrat, NJ-11)Teresa Leger Fernandez (Democrat, NM-3)Melanie A. Stansbury (Democrat, NM-1)Gabe Vasquez (Democrat, NM-2)Dina Titus (Democrat, NV-1)Steven Horsford (Democrat, NV-4)Susie Lee (Democrat, NV-3)Yvette D. Clarke (Democrat, NY-9)Gregory W. Meeks (Democrat, NY-5)Jerrold Nadler (Democrat, NY-12)Paul Tonko (Democrat, NY-20)Nydia M. Velázquez (Democrat, NY-7)Grace Meng (Democrat, NY-6)Hakeem S. Jeffries (Democrat, NY-8)Adriano Espaillat (Democrat, NY-13)Joseph D. Morelle (Democrat, NY-25)Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (Democrat, NY-14)Ritchie Torres (Democrat, NY-15)Patrick Ryan (Democrat, NY-18)Daniel S. Goldman (Democrat, NY-10)Thomas R. Suozzi (Democrat, NY-3)Timothy M. Kennedy (Democrat, NY-26)Laura Gillen (Democrat, NY-4)George Latimer (Democrat, NY-16)Josh Riley (Democrat, NY-19)John W. Mannion (Democrat, NY-22)Marcy Kaptur (Democrat, OH-9)Joyce Beatty (Democrat, OH-3)Shontel M. Brown (Democrat, OH-11)Greg Landsman (Democrat, OH-1)Emilia Strong Sykes (Democrat, OH-13)Suzanne Bonamici (Democrat, OR-1)Val T. Hoyle (Democrat, OR-4)Andrea Salinas (Democrat, OR-6)Maxine Dexter (Democrat, OR-3)Janelle S. Bynum (Democrat, OR-5)Brendan F. Boyle (Democrat, PA-2)Dwight Evans (Democrat, PA-3)Mary Gay Scanlon (Democrat, PA-5)Madeleine Dean (Democrat, PA-4)Chrissy Houlahan (Democrat, PA-6)Summer L. Lee (Democrat, PA-12)Christopher R. Deluzio (Democrat, PA-17)Seth Magaziner (Democrat, RI-2)Gabe Amo (Democrat, RI-1)James E. Clyburn (Democrat, SC-6)Steve Cohen (Democrat, TN-9)Henry Cuellar (Democrat, TX-28)Lloyd Doggett (Democrat, TX-37)Al Green (Democrat, TX-9)Joaquin Castro (Democrat, TX-20)Marc A. Veasey (Democrat, TX-33)Vicente Gonzalez (Democrat, TX-34)Lizzie Fletcher (Democrat, TX-7)Veronica Escobar (Democrat, TX-16)Sylvia R. Garcia (Democrat, TX-29)Jasmine Crockett (Democrat, TX-30)Greg Casar (Democrat, TX-35)Julie Johnson (Democrat, TX-32)Christian D. Menefee (Democrat, TX-18)Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (Democrat, VA-3)Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (Democrat, VA-8)Jennifer L. McClellan (Democrat, VA-4)Eugene Simon Vindman (Democrat, VA-7)Suhas Subramanyam (Democrat, VA-10)James R. Walkinshaw (Democrat, VA-11)Becca Balint (Democrat, VT-AL)Rick Larsen (Democrat, WA-2)Adam Smith (Democrat, WA-9)Suzan K. DelBene (Democrat, WA-1)Pramila Jayapal (Democrat, WA-7)Kim Schrier (Democrat, WA-8)Marilyn Strickland (Democrat, WA-10)Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (Democrat, WA-3)Emily Randall (Democrat, WA-6)Gwen Moore (Democrat, WI-4)Mark Pocan (Democrat, WI-2)Kevin Kiley (Independent, CA-3)Nicholas J. Begich III (Republican, AK-AL)Robert B. Aderholt (Republican, AL-4)Mike Rogers (Republican, AL-3)Gary J. Palmer (Republican, AL-6)Barry Moore (Republican, AL-1)Dale W. Strong (Republican, AL-5)Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (Republican, AR-1)Steve Womack (Republican, AR-3)J. French Hill (Republican, AR-2)Bruce Westerman (Republican, AR-4)Paul A. Gosar (Republican, AZ-9)David Schweikert (Republican, AZ-1)Andy Biggs (Republican, AZ-5)Elijah Crane (Republican, AZ-2)Juan Ciscomani (Republican, AZ-6)Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican, AZ-8)Ken Calvert (Republican, CA-41)Tom McClintock (Republican, CA-5)Darrell Issa (Republican, CA-48)David G. Valadao (Republican, CA-22)Jay Obernolte (Republican, CA-23)Young Kim (Republican, CA-40)Vince Fong (Republican, CA-20)James Gallagher (Republican, CA-1)Lauren Boebert (Republican, CO-4)Jeff Hurd (Republican, CO-3)Jeff Crank (Republican, CO-5)Gabe Evans (Republican, CO-8)Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican, FL-12)Vern Buchanan (Republican, FL-16)Mario Diaz-Balart (Republican, FL-26)Daniel Webster (Republican, FL-11)Neal P. Dunn (Republican, FL-2)John H. Rutherford (Republican, FL-5)Brian J. Mast (Republican, FL-21)W. Gregory Steube (Republican, FL-17)Kat Cammack (Republican, FL-3)Scott Franklin (Republican, FL-18)Byron Donalds (Republican, FL-19)Carlos A. Gimenez (Republican, FL-28)Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican, FL-27)Aaron Bean (Republican, FL-4)Cory Mills (Republican, FL-7)Anna Paulina Luna (Republican, FL-13)Laurel M. Lee (Republican, FL-15)Mike Haridopolos (Republican, FL-8)Jimmy Patronis (Republican, FL-1)Randy Fine (Republican, FL-6)Austin Scott (Republican, GA-8)Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican, GA-1)Barry Loudermilk (Republican, GA-11)Rick W. Allen (Republican, GA-12)Andrew S. Clyde (Republican, GA-9)Richard McCormick (Republican, GA-7)Mike Collins (Republican, GA-10)Brian Jack (Republican, GA-3)Clay Fuller (Republican, GA-14)Ashley Hinson (Republican, IA-2)Mariannette Miller-Meeks (Republican, IA-1)Randy Feenstra (Republican, IA-4)Zachary Nunn (Republican, IA-3)Michael K. Simpson (Republican, ID-2)Russ Fulcher (Republican, ID-1)Mike Bost (Republican, IL-12)Darin LaHood (Republican, IL-16)Mary E. Miller (Republican, IL-15)James R. Baird (Republican, IN-4)Victoria Spartz (Republican, IN-5)Rudy Yakym III (Republican, IN-2)Erin Houchin (Republican, IN-9)Marlin A. Stutzman (Republican, IN-3)Jefferson Shreve (Republican, IN-6)Mark B. Messmer (Republican, IN-8)Ron Estes (Republican, KS-4)Tracey Mann (Republican, KS-1)Derek Schmidt (Republican, KS-2)Brett Guthrie (Republican, KY-2)Harold Rogers (Republican, KY-5)Thomas Massie (Republican, KY-4)Andy Barr (Republican, KY-6)James Comer (Republican, KY-1)Steve Scalise (Republican, LA-1)Clay Higgins (Republican, LA-3)Mike Johnson (Republican, LA-4)Julia Letlow (Republican, LA-5)Andy Harris (Republican, MD-1)Bill Huizenga (Republican, MI-4)Tim Walberg (Republican, MI-5)John R. Moolenaar (Republican, MI-2)Jack Bergman (Republican, MI-1)Lisa C. McClain (Republican, MI-9)John James (Republican, MI-10)Tom Barrett (Republican, MI-7)Tom Emmer (Republican, MN-6)Pete Stauber (Republican, MN-8)Michelle Fischbach (Republican, MN-7)Brad Finstad (Republican, MN-1)Sam Graves (Republican, MO-6)Ann Wagner (Republican, MO-2)Jason Smith (Republican, MO-8)Mark Alford (Republican, MO-4)Eric Burlison (Republican, MO-7)Robert F. Onder, Jr. (Republican, MO-3)Trent Kelly (Republican, MS-1)Michael Guest (Republican, MS-3)Mike Ezell (Republican, MS-4)Ryan K. Zinke (Republican, MT-1)Troy Downing (Republican, MT-2)Virginia Foxx (Republican, NC-5)Richard Hudson (Republican, NC-9)David Rouzer (Republican, NC-7)Gregory F. Murphy (Republican, NC-3)Chuck Edwards (Republican, NC-11)Addison P. McDowell (Republican, NC-6)Mark Harris (Republican, NC-8)Pat Harrigan (Republican, NC-10)Brad Knott (Republican, NC-13)Tim Moore (Republican, NC-14)Julie Fedorchak (Republican, ND-AL)Adrian Smith (Republican, NE-3)Don Bacon (Republican, NE-2)Mike Flood (Republican, NE-1)Christopher H. Smith (Republican, NJ-4)Jefferson Van Drew (Republican, NJ-2)Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (Republican, NJ-7)Mark E. Amodei (Republican, NV-2)Elise M. Stefanik (Republican, NY-21)Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican, NY-2)Nicole Malliotakis (Republican, NY-11)Claudia Tenney (Republican, NY-24)Nick LaLota (Republican, NY-1)Michael Lawler (Republican, NY-17)Nicholas A. Langworthy (Republican, NY-23)Jim Jordan (Republican, OH-4)Robert E. Latta (Republican, OH-5)Michael R. Turner (Republican, OH-10)David P. Joyce (Republican, OH-14)Warren Davidson (Republican, OH-8)Troy Balderson (Republican, OH-12)Mike Carey (Republican, OH-15)Max L. Miller (Republican, OH-7)Michael A. Rulli (Republican, OH-6)David J. Taylor (Republican, OH-2)Tom Cole (Republican, OK-4)Frank D. Lucas (Republican, OK-3)Kevin Hern (Republican, OK-1)Stephanie I. Bice (Republican, OK-5)Josh Brecheen (Republican, OK-2)Cliff Bentz (Republican, OR-2)Mike Kelly (Republican, PA-16)Glenn Thompson (Republican, PA-15)Scott Perry (Republican, PA-10)Brian K. Fitzpatrick (Republican, PA-1)Lloyd Smucker (Republican, PA-11)Daniel Meuser (Republican, PA-9)John Joyce (Republican, PA-13)Guy Reschenthaler (Republican, PA-14)Ryan Mackenzie (Republican, PA-7)Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (Republican, PA-8)Joe Wilson (Republican, SC-2)Ralph Norman (Republican, SC-5)William R. Timmons IV (Republican, SC-4)Nancy Mace (Republican, SC-1)Russell Fry (Republican, SC-7)Sheri Biggs (Republican, SC-3)Dusty Johnson (Republican, SD-AL)Scott DesJarlais (Republican, TN-4)Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican, TN-3)David Kustoff (Republican, TN-8)Tim Burchett (Republican, TN-2)John W. Rose (Republican, TN-6)Diana Harshbarger (Republican, TN-1)Andrew Ogles (Republican, TN-5)Matt Van Epps (Republican, TN-7)John R. Carter (Republican, TX-31)Michael T. McCaul (Republican, TX-10)Randy K. Weber, Sr. (Republican, TX-14)Roger Williams (Republican, TX-25)Brian Babin (Republican, TX-36)Jodey C. Arrington (Republican, TX-19)Michael Cloud (Republican, TX-27)Dan Crenshaw (Republican, TX-2)Lance Gooden (Republican, TX-5)Chip Roy (Republican, TX-21)Pete Sessions (Republican, TX-17)Pat Fallon (Republican, TX-4)August Pfluger (Republican, TX-11)Ronny Jackson (Republican, TX-13)Troy E. Nehls (Republican, TX-22)Beth Van Duyne (Republican, TX-24)Jake Ellzey (Republican, TX-6)Nathaniel Moran (Republican, TX-1)Keith Self (Republican, TX-3)Morgan Luttrell (Republican, TX-8)Monica De La Cruz (Republican, TX-15)Wesley Hunt (Republican, TX-38)Craig A. Goldman (Republican, TX-12)Brandon Gill (Republican, TX-26)Blake D. Moore (Republican, UT-1)Burgess Owens (Republican, UT-4)Celeste Maloy (Republican, UT-2)Mike Kennedy (Republican, UT-3)H. Morgan Griffith (Republican, VA-9)Robert J. Wittman (Republican, VA-1)Ben Cline (Republican, VA-6)Jennifer A. Kiggans (Republican, VA-2)John J. McGuire III (Republican, VA-5)Dan Newhouse (Republican, WA-4)Michael Baumgartner (Republican, WA-5)Glenn Grothman (Republican, WI-6)Bryan Steil (Republican, WI-1)Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican, WI-7)Scott Fitzgerald (Republican, WI-5)Derrick Van Orden (Republican, WI-3)Tony Wied (Republican, WI-8)Carol D. Miller (Republican, WV-1)Riley M. Moore (Republican, WV-2)Harriet M. Hageman (Republican, WY-AL)
433 new members · 427 departed · 0 served on both dates · women 11 → 125 · median age 52 → 59
44 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alaska 1 D · 0 R
Alaska 0 D · 1 R
Alabama 1 D · 0 R
Alabama 2 D · 5 R
Arkansas 4 D · 0 R
Arkansas 0 D · 4 R
Arizona 2 D · 1 R
Arizona 3 D · 6 R
California 24 D · 14 R
California 43 D · 9 R
Colorado 2 D · 2 R
Colorado 4 D · 4 R
Connecticut 5 D · 1 R
Connecticut 5 D · 0 R
Florida 10 D · 2 R
Florida 7 D · 20 R
Georgia 10 D · 0 R
Georgia 5 D · 9 R
Iowa 1 D · 6 R
Iowa 0 D · 4 R
Idaho 2 D · 0 R
Idaho 0 D · 2 R
Illinois 12 D · 12 R
Illinois 14 D · 3 R
Indiana 4 D · 7 R
Indiana 2 D · 7 R
Kansas 0 D · 5 R
Kansas 1 D · 3 R
Kentucky 5 D · 2 R
Kentucky 1 D · 5 R
Louisiana 8 D · 0 R
Louisiana 2 D · 4 R
Massachusetts 7 D · 5 R
Massachusetts 9 D · 0 R
Maryland 6 D · 2 R
Maryland 7 D · 1 R
Maine 0 D · 2 R
Maine 2 D · 0 R
Michigan 8 D · 11 R
Michigan 6 D · 7 R
Missouri 8 D · 2 R
Missouri 2 D · 6 R
Mississippi 5 D · 0 R
Mississippi 1 D · 3 R
Montana 1 D · 1 R
Montana 0 D · 2 R
North Carolina 9 D · 2 R
North Carolina 4 D · 10 R
North Dakota 0 D · 2 R
North Dakota 0 D · 1 R
New Hampshire 0 D · 2 R
New Hampshire 2 D · 0 R
New Jersey 7 D · 8 R
New Jersey 9 D · 3 R
New Mexico 1 D · 0 R
New Mexico 3 D · 0 R
Nevada 1 D · 0 R
Nevada 3 D · 1 R
New York 20 D · 21 R
New York 19 D · 7 R
Ohio 6 D · 18 R
Ohio 5 D · 10 R
Oklahoma 5 D · 1 R
Oklahoma 0 D · 5 R
Oregon 3 D · 1 R
Oregon 5 D · 1 R
Pennsylvania 13 D · 14 R
Pennsylvania 7 D · 10 R
South Carolina 6 D · 0 R
South Carolina 1 D · 6 R
South Dakota 0 D · 2 R
South Dakota 0 D · 1 R
Tennessee 6 D · 3 R
Tennessee 1 D · 8 R
Texas 21 D · 2 R
Texas 13 D · 24 R
Utah 0 D · 2 R
Utah 0 D · 4 R
Virginia 8 D · 2 R
Virginia 6 D · 5 R
Vermont 0 D · 1 R
Vermont 1 D · 0 R
Washington 1 D · 6 R
Washington 8 D · 2 R
Wisconsin 4 D · 6 R
Wisconsin 2 D · 6 R
West Virginia 4 D · 1 R
West Virginia 0 D · 2 R
Who joined and who left (433 in · 427 out)
Nicholas J. Begich III R
Alaska-AL
Robert B. Aderholt R
Alabama-4
Mike Rogers R
Alabama-3
Terri A. Sewell D
Alabama-7
Gary J. Palmer R
Alabama-6
Barry Moore R
Alabama-1
Dale W. Strong R
Alabama-5
Shomari Figures D
Alabama-2
Eric A. "Rick" Crawford R
Arkansas-1
Steve Womack R
Arkansas-3
J. French Hill R
Arkansas-2
Bruce Westerman R
Arkansas-4
Paul A. Gosar R
Arizona-9
David Schweikert R
Arizona-1
Andy Biggs R
Arizona-5
Greg Stanton D
Arizona-4
Elijah Crane R
Arizona-2
Juan Ciscomani R
Arizona-6
Yassamin Ansari D
Arizona-3
Abraham J. Hamadeh R
Arizona-8
Adelita S. Grijalva D
Arizona-7
Ken Calvert R
California-41
Judy Chu D
California-28
Jim Costa D
California-21
John Garamendi D
California-8
Zoe Lofgren D
California-18
Doris O. Matsui D
California-7
Tom McClintock R
California-5
Nancy Pelosi D
California-11
Brad Sherman D
California-32
Linda T. Sánchez D
California-38
Mike Thompson D
California-4
Maxine Waters D
California-43
Jared Huffman D
California-2
Ami Bera D
California-6
Julia Brownley D
California-26
Raul Ruiz D
California-25
Mark Takano D
California-39
Juan Vargas D
California-52
Scott H. Peters D
California-50
Mark DeSaulnier D
California-10
Pete Aguilar D
California-33
Ted Lieu D
California-36
Norma J. Torres D
California-35
Ro Khanna D
California-17
Jimmy Panetta D
California-19
Salud O. Carbajal D
California-24
Nanette Diaz Barragán D
California-44
J. Luis Correa D
California-46
Jimmy Gomez D
California-34
Josh Harder D
California-9
Mike Levin D
California-49
Darrell Issa R
California-48
David G. Valadao R
California-22
Jay Obernolte R
California-23
Young Kim R
California-40
Sara Jacobs D
California-51
Kevin Mullin D
California-15
Sydney Kamlager-Dove D
California-37
Robert Garcia D
California-42
Vince Fong R
California-20
Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. D
California-31
Lateefah Simon D
California-12
Adam Gray D
California-13
Sam T. Liccardo D
California-16
George Whitesides D
California-27
Luz M. Rivas D
California-29
Laura Friedman D
California-30
Derek Tran D
California-45
Dave Min D
California-47
Kevin Kiley I
California-3
James Gallagher R
California-1
Aisha Wahab D
California-14
Diana DeGette D
Colorado-1
Joe Neguse D
Colorado-2
Jason Crow D
Colorado-6
Lauren Boebert R
Colorado-4
Brittany Pettersen D
Colorado-7
Jeff Hurd R
Colorado-3
Jeff Crank R
Colorado-5
Gabe Evans R
Colorado-8
Joe Courtney D
Connecticut-2
Rosa L. DeLauro D
Connecticut-3
James A. Himes D
Connecticut-4
John B. Larson D
Connecticut-1
Jahana Hayes D
Connecticut-5
Sarah McBride D
Delaware-AL
Gus M. Bilirakis R
Florida-12
Vern Buchanan R
Florida-16
Kathy Castor D
Florida-14
Mario Diaz-Balart R
Florida-26
Debbie Wasserman Schultz D
Florida-25
Daniel Webster R
Florida-11
Frederica S. Wilson D
Florida-24
Lois Frankel D
Florida-22
Neal P. Dunn R
Florida-2
John H. Rutherford R
Florida-5
Darren Soto D
Florida-9
Brian J. Mast R
Florida-21
W. Gregory Steube R
Florida-17
Kat Cammack R
Florida-3
Scott Franklin R
Florida-18
Byron Donalds R
Florida-19
Carlos A. Gimenez R
Florida-28
Maria Elvira Salazar R
Florida-27
Aaron Bean R
Florida-4
Cory Mills R
Florida-7
Maxwell Frost D
Florida-10
Anna Paulina Luna R
Florida-13
Laurel M. Lee R
Florida-15
Jared Moskowitz D
Florida-23
Mike Haridopolos R
Florida-8
Jimmy Patronis R
Florida-1
Randy Fine R
Florida-6
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. D
Georgia-2
Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. D
Georgia-4
Austin Scott R
Georgia-8
Earl L. "Buddy" Carter R
Georgia-1
Barry Loudermilk R
Georgia-11
Rick W. Allen R
Georgia-12
Lucy McBath D
Georgia-6
Nikema Williams D
Georgia-5
Andrew S. Clyde R
Georgia-9
Richard McCormick R
Georgia-7
Mike Collins R
Georgia-10
Brian Jack R
Georgia-3
Clay Fuller R
Georgia-14
Everton Blair Jr. D
Georgia-13
Ed Case D
Hawaii-1
Jill N. Tokuda D
Hawaii-2
Ashley Hinson R
Iowa-2
Mariannette Miller-Meeks R
Iowa-1
Randy Feenstra R
Iowa-4
Zachary Nunn R
Iowa-3
Michael K. Simpson R
Idaho-2
Russ Fulcher R
Idaho-1
Danny K. Davis D
Illinois-7
Mike Quigley D
Illinois-5
Janice D. Schakowsky D
Illinois-9
Bill Foster D
Illinois-11
Robin L. Kelly D
Illinois-2
Mike Bost R
Illinois-12
Darin LaHood R
Illinois-16
Bradley Scott Schneider D
Illinois-10
Raja Krishnamoorthi D
Illinois-8
Jesús G. "Chuy" García D
Illinois-4
Sean Casten D
Illinois-6
Lauren Underwood D
Illinois-14
Mary E. Miller R
Illinois-15
Jonathan L. Jackson D
Illinois-1
Delia C. Ramirez D
Illinois-3
Nikki Budzinski D
Illinois-13
Eric Sorensen D
Illinois-17
André Carson D
Indiana-7
James R. Baird R
Indiana-4
Frank J. Mrvan D
Indiana-1
Victoria Spartz R
Indiana-5
Rudy Yakym III R
Indiana-2
Erin Houchin R
Indiana-9
Marlin A. Stutzman R
Indiana-3
Jefferson Shreve R
Indiana-6
Mark B. Messmer R
Indiana-8
Ron Estes R
Kansas-4
Sharice Davids D
Kansas-3
Tracey Mann R
Kansas-1
Derek Schmidt R
Kansas-2
Brett Guthrie R
Kentucky-2
Harold Rogers R
Kentucky-5
Thomas Massie R
Kentucky-4
Andy Barr R
Kentucky-6
James Comer R
Kentucky-1
Morgan McGarvey D
Kentucky-3
Steve Scalise R
Louisiana-1
Clay Higgins R
Louisiana-3
Mike Johnson R
Louisiana-4
Julia Letlow R
Louisiana-5
Troy A. Carter D
Louisiana-2
Cleo Fields D
Louisiana-6
William R. Keating D
Massachusetts-9
Stephen F. Lynch D
Massachusetts-8
James P. McGovern D
Massachusetts-2
Richard E. Neal D
Massachusetts-1
Katherine M. Clark D
Massachusetts-5
Seth Moulton D
Massachusetts-6
Lori Trahan D
Massachusetts-3
Ayanna Pressley D
Massachusetts-7
Jake Auchincloss D
Massachusetts-4
Andy Harris R
Maryland-1
Steny H. Hoyer D
Maryland-5
Jamie Raskin D
Maryland-8
Kweisi Mfume D
Maryland-7
Glenn Ivey D
Maryland-4
Johnny Olszewski, Jr. D
Maryland-2
Sarah Elfreth D
Maryland-3
April McClain Delaney D
Maryland-6
Chellie Pingree D
Maine-1
Jared F. Golden D
Maine-2
Bill Huizenga R
Michigan-4
Tim Walberg R
Michigan-5
John R. Moolenaar R
Michigan-2
Debbie Dingell D
Michigan-6
Jack Bergman R
Michigan-1
Haley M. Stevens D
Michigan-11
Rashida Tlaib D
Michigan-12
Lisa C. McClain R
Michigan-9
Hillary J. Scholten D
Michigan-3
John James R
Michigan-10
Shri Thanedar D
Michigan-13
Tom Barrett R
Michigan-7
Kristen McDonald Rivet D
Michigan-8
Betty McCollum D
Minnesota-4
Tom Emmer R
Minnesota-6
Angie Craig D
Minnesota-2
Ilhan Omar D
Minnesota-5
Pete Stauber R
Minnesota-8
Michelle Fischbach R
Minnesota-7
Brad Finstad R
Minnesota-1
Kelly Morrison D
Minnesota-3
Emanuel Cleaver D
Missouri-5
Sam Graves R
Missouri-6
Ann Wagner R
Missouri-2
Jason Smith R
Missouri-8
Mark Alford R
Missouri-4
Eric Burlison R
Missouri-7
Wesley Bell D
Missouri-1
Robert F. Onder, Jr. R
Missouri-3
Bennie G. Thompson D
Mississippi-2
Trent Kelly R
Mississippi-1
Michael Guest R
Mississippi-3
Mike Ezell R
Mississippi-4
Ryan K. Zinke R
Montana-1
Troy Downing R
Montana-2
Virginia Foxx R
North Carolina-5
Richard Hudson R
North Carolina-9
Alma S. Adams D
North Carolina-12
David Rouzer R
North Carolina-7
Gregory F. Murphy R
North Carolina-3
Deborah K. Ross D
North Carolina-2
Donald G. Davis D
North Carolina-1
Valerie P. Foushee D
North Carolina-4
Chuck Edwards R
North Carolina-11
Addison P. McDowell R
North Carolina-6
Mark Harris R
North Carolina-8
Pat Harrigan R
North Carolina-10
Brad Knott R
North Carolina-13
Tim Moore R
North Carolina-14
Julie Fedorchak R
North Dakota-AL
Adrian Smith R
Nebraska-3
Don Bacon R
Nebraska-2
Mike Flood R
Nebraska-1
Chris Pappas D
New Hampshire-1
Maggie Goodlander D
New Hampshire-2
Frank Pallone, Jr. D
New Jersey-6
Christopher H. Smith R
New Jersey-4
Donald Norcross D
New Jersey-1
Bonnie Watson Coleman D
New Jersey-12
Josh Gottheimer D
New Jersey-5
Jefferson Van Drew R
New Jersey-2
Thomas H. Kean, Jr. R
New Jersey-7
Robert Menendez D
New Jersey-8
LaMonica McIver D
New Jersey-10
Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. D
New Jersey-3
Nellie Pou D
New Jersey-9
Analilia Mejia D
New Jersey-11
Teresa Leger Fernandez D
New Mexico-3
Melanie A. Stansbury D
New Mexico-1
Gabe Vasquez D
New Mexico-2
Mark E. Amodei R
Nevada-2
Dina Titus D
Nevada-1
Steven Horsford D
Nevada-4
Susie Lee D
Nevada-3
Yvette D. Clarke D
New York-9
Gregory W. Meeks D
New York-5
Jerrold Nadler D
New York-12
Paul Tonko D
New York-20
Nydia M. Velázquez D
New York-7
Grace Meng D
New York-6
Hakeem S. Jeffries D
New York-8
Elise M. Stefanik R
New York-21
Adriano Espaillat D
New York-13
Joseph D. Morelle D
New York-25
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D
New York-14
Andrew R. Garbarino R
New York-2
Nicole Malliotakis R
New York-11
Ritchie Torres D
New York-15
Claudia Tenney R
New York-24
Patrick Ryan D
New York-18
Nick LaLota R
New York-1
Daniel S. Goldman D
New York-10
Michael Lawler R
New York-17
Nicholas A. Langworthy R
New York-23
Thomas R. Suozzi D
New York-3
Timothy M. Kennedy D
New York-26
Laura Gillen D
New York-4
George Latimer D
New York-16
Josh Riley D
New York-19
John W. Mannion D
New York-22
Jim Jordan R
Ohio-4
Marcy Kaptur D
Ohio-9
Robert E. Latta R
Ohio-5
Michael R. Turner R
Ohio-10
Joyce Beatty D
Ohio-3
David P. Joyce R
Ohio-14
Warren Davidson R
Ohio-8
Troy Balderson R
Ohio-12
Shontel M. Brown D
Ohio-11
Mike Carey R
Ohio-15
Greg Landsman D
Ohio-1
Max L. Miller R
Ohio-7
Emilia Strong Sykes D
Ohio-13
Michael A. Rulli R
Ohio-6
David J. Taylor R
Ohio-2
Tom Cole R
Oklahoma-4
Frank D. Lucas R
Oklahoma-3
Kevin Hern R
Oklahoma-1
Stephanie I. Bice R
Oklahoma-5
Josh Brecheen R
Oklahoma-2
Suzanne Bonamici D
Oregon-1
Cliff Bentz R
Oregon-2
Val T. Hoyle D
Oregon-4
Andrea Salinas D
Oregon-6
Maxine Dexter D
Oregon-3
Janelle S. Bynum D
Oregon-5
Mike Kelly R
Pennsylvania-16
Glenn Thompson R
Pennsylvania-15
Scott Perry R
Pennsylvania-10
Brendan F. Boyle D
Pennsylvania-2
Dwight Evans D
Pennsylvania-3
Brian K. Fitzpatrick R
Pennsylvania-1
Lloyd Smucker R
Pennsylvania-11
Mary Gay Scanlon D
Pennsylvania-5
Madeleine Dean D
Pennsylvania-4
Chrissy Houlahan D
Pennsylvania-6
Daniel Meuser R
Pennsylvania-9
John Joyce R
Pennsylvania-13
Guy Reschenthaler R
Pennsylvania-14
Summer L. Lee D
Pennsylvania-12
Christopher R. Deluzio D
Pennsylvania-17
Ryan Mackenzie R
Pennsylvania-7
Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. R
Pennsylvania-8
Seth Magaziner D
Rhode Island-2
Gabe Amo D
Rhode Island-1
James E. Clyburn D
South Carolina-6
Joe Wilson R
South Carolina-2
Ralph Norman R
South Carolina-5
William R. Timmons IV R
South Carolina-4
Nancy Mace R
South Carolina-1
Russell Fry R
South Carolina-7
Sheri Biggs R
South Carolina-3
Dusty Johnson R
South Dakota-AL
Steve Cohen D
Tennessee-9
Scott DesJarlais R
Tennessee-4
Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann R
Tennessee-3
David Kustoff R
Tennessee-8
Tim Burchett R
Tennessee-2
John W. Rose R
Tennessee-6
Diana Harshbarger R
Tennessee-1
Andrew Ogles R
Tennessee-5
Matt Van Epps R
Tennessee-7
John R. Carter R
Texas-31
Henry Cuellar D
Texas-28
Lloyd Doggett D
Texas-37
Al Green D
Texas-9
Michael T. McCaul R
Texas-10
Randy K. Weber, Sr. R
Texas-14
Joaquin Castro D
Texas-20
Roger Williams R
Texas-25
Marc A. Veasey D
Texas-33
Brian Babin R
Texas-36
Vicente Gonzalez D
Texas-34
Jodey C. Arrington R
Texas-19
Michael Cloud R
Texas-27
Dan Crenshaw R
Texas-2
Lance Gooden R
Texas-5
Lizzie Fletcher D
Texas-7
Veronica Escobar D
Texas-16
Chip Roy R
Texas-21
Sylvia R. Garcia D
Texas-29
Pete Sessions R
Texas-17
Pat Fallon R
Texas-4
August Pfluger R
Texas-11
Ronny Jackson R
Texas-13
Troy E. Nehls R
Texas-22
Beth Van Duyne R
Texas-24
Jake Ellzey R
Texas-6
Nathaniel Moran R
Texas-1
Keith Self R
Texas-3
Morgan Luttrell R
Texas-8
Monica De La Cruz R
Texas-15
Jasmine Crockett D
Texas-30
Greg Casar D
Texas-35
Wesley Hunt R
Texas-38
Craig A. Goldman R
Texas-12
Brandon Gill R
Texas-26
Julie Johnson D
Texas-32
Christian D. Menefee D
Texas-18
Blake D. Moore R
Utah-1
Burgess Owens R
Utah-4
Celeste Maloy R
Utah-2
Mike Kennedy R
Utah-3
H. Morgan Griffith R
Virginia-9
Robert C. "Bobby" Scott D
Virginia-3
Robert J. Wittman R
Virginia-1
Donald S. Beyer, Jr. D
Virginia-8
Ben Cline R
Virginia-6
Jennifer A. Kiggans R
Virginia-2
Jennifer L. McClellan D
Virginia-4
John J. McGuire III R
Virginia-5
Eugene Simon Vindman D
Virginia-7
Suhas Subramanyam D
Virginia-10
James R. Walkinshaw D
Virginia-11
Becca Balint D
Vermont-AL
Rick Larsen D
Washington-2
Adam Smith D
Washington-9
Suzan K. DelBene D
Washington-1
Dan Newhouse R
Washington-4
Pramila Jayapal D
Washington-7
Kim Schrier D
Washington-8
Marilyn Strickland D
Washington-10
Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D
Washington-3
Michael Baumgartner R
Washington-5
Emily Randall D
Washington-6
Gwen Moore D
Wisconsin-4
Mark Pocan D
Wisconsin-2
Glenn Grothman R
Wisconsin-6
Bryan Steil R
Wisconsin-1
Thomas P. Tiffany R
Wisconsin-7
Scott Fitzgerald R
Wisconsin-5
Derrick Van Orden R
Wisconsin-3
Tony Wied R
Wisconsin-8
Carol D. Miller R
West Virginia-1
Riley M. Moore R
West Virginia-2
Harriet M. Hageman R
Wyoming-AL
Ralph Julian Rivers D
Alaska-AL
Carl Atwood Elliott D
Alabama-AL
Oren Harris D
Arkansas-4
James William Trimble D
Arkansas-3
Ezekiel Candler Gathings D
Arkansas-1
Wilbur Daigh Mills D
Arkansas-2
George Frederick Senner Jr. D
Arizona-3
John Jacob Rhodes R
Arizona-1
Morris King Udall D
Arizona-2
Everett Glen Burkhalter D
California-27
Clyde Gilman Doyle D
California-23
Patrick Minor Martin R
California-38
John Francis Shelley D
California-5
Harry Richard Sheppard D
California-33
John Finley Baldwin Jr. R
California-14
Ronald Brooks Cameron D
California-25
Harlan Francis Hagen D
California-18
James Roosevelt D
California-26
Cecil Rhodes King D
California-17
Jesse Arthur Younger R
California-11
Jeffery Cohelan D
California-7
Glenard Paul Lipscomb R
California-24
James Boyd Utt R
California-35
George Paul Miller D
California-8
H. Allen Smith R
California-20
Charles Samuel Gubser R
California-10
Richard Thomas Hanna D
California-34
Chester Earl Holifield D
California-19
Craig Hosmer R
California-32
William Somers Mailliard R
California-6
Charles McKevett Teague R
California-13
Alphonzo Bell R
California-28
Burt Lacklen Talcott R
California-12
Robert Louis Leggett D
California-4
John Joseph McFall D
California-15
John Emerson Moss D
California-3
Bernice Frederic Sisk D
California-16
James Charles Corman D
California-22
Harold Terry Johnson D
California-2
Lionel Van Deerlin D
California-37
Charles Herbert Wilson D
California-31
Robert Carlton Wilson R
California-36
Donald Holst Clausen R
California-1
Augustus Freeman Hawkins D
California-21
Edward Ross Roybal D
California-30
William Donlon Edwards D
California-9
George E. Brown Jr. D
California-29
John Edgar Chenoweth R
Colorado-3
Byron Giles Rogers D
Colorado-1
Wayne Norviel Aspinall D
Colorado-4
Donald Glenn Brotzman R
Colorado-2
Abner Woodruff Sibal R
Connecticut-4
Bernard Francis Grabowski D
Connecticut-AL
Emilio Quincy Daddario D
Connecticut-1
William Leon St. Onge D
Connecticut-2
John Stephen Monagan D
Connecticut-5
Robert Nicholas Giaimo D
Connecticut-3
Harris Brown McDowell Jr. D
Delaware-AL
Donald Ray Matthews D
Florida-8
Albert Sydney Herlong Jr. D
Florida-5
William Cato Cramer R
Florida-12
Edward John Gurney R
Florida-11
James Andrew Haley D
Florida-7
Paul Grant Rogers D
Florida-6
Robert Lee Fulton Sikes D
Florida-1
Don Fuqua D
Florida-9
Claude Denson Pepper D
Florida-3
Charles Edward Bennett D
Florida-2
Dante Bruno Fascell D
Florida-4
Sam Melville Gibbons D
Florida-10
Elijah Lewis Forrester D
Georgia-3
John Leonard Pilcher D
Georgia-2
Carl Vinson D
Georgia-6
James Russell Tuten D
Georgia-8
Charles Longstreet Weltner D
Georgia-5
George Elliott Hagan D
Georgia-1
John William Davis D
Georgia-7
Phillip Mitchell Landrum D
Georgia-9
Robert Grier Stephens Jr. D
Georgia-10
John James Flynt Jr. D
Georgia-4
Thomas Ponce Gill D
Hawaii-1
Spark Masayuki Matsunaga D
Hawaii-2
James Edward Bromwell R
Iowa-2
Charles Bernard Hoeven R
Iowa-6
Benton Franklin Jensen R
Iowa-7
John Henry Kyl R
Iowa-4
Frederick Delbert Schwengel R
Iowa-1
Harold Royce Gross R
Iowa-3
Neal Edward Smith D
Iowa-5
Ralph R. Harding D
Idaho-2
Compton Ignatius White Jr. D
Idaho-1
Edward Rowan Finnegan D
Illinois-9
Elmer Joseph Hoffman R
Illinois-14
Roland Victor Libonati D
Illinois-7
Robert Thaddeus McLoskey R
Illinois-19
Thomas Joseph O’Brien D
Illinois-6
Barratt O’Hara D
Illinois-2
William Levi Dawson D
Illinois-1
William Thomas Murphy D
Illinois-3
Donald Henry Rumsfeld R
Illinois-13
Roman Conrad Pucinski D
Illinois-11
Charlotte Thompson Reid R
Illinois-15
William Lee Springer R
Illinois-22
Leslie Cornelius Arends R
Illinois-17
Harold Reginald Collier R
Illinois-10
John Carl Kluczynski D
Illinois-5
George Edward Shipley D
Illinois-23
John Bayard Anderson R
Illinois-16
Edward Joseph Derwinski R
Illinois-4
Paul Findley R
Illinois-20
Robert McClory R
Illinois-12
Kenneth James Gray D
Illinois-21
Charles Melvin Price D
Illinois-24
Robert Henry Michel R
Illinois-18
Daniel David Rostenkowski D
Illinois-8
Donald Cogley Bruce R
Indiana-11
Earl Wilson R
Indiana-9
Winfield Kirkpatrick Denton D
Indiana-8
Ralph Harvey R
Indiana-10
Charles Abraham Halleck R
Indiana-2
Edwin Adair R
Indiana-4
Richard Lowell Roudebush R
Indiana-6
William Gilmer Bray R
Indiana-7
Ray John Madden D
Indiana-1
John Edward Roush D
Indiana-5
John Brademas D
Indiana-3
William Henry Avery R
Kansas-2
Robert Fred Ellsworth R
Kansas-3
Garner E. Shriver R
Kansas-4
Joe Skubitz R
Kansas-5
Robert Joseph Dole R
Kansas-1
Eugene Siler R
Kentucky-5
Frank Leslie Chelf D
Kentucky-4
John Clarence Watts D
Kentucky-6
Frank Albert Stubblefield D
Kentucky-1
Carl Dewey Perkins D
Kentucky-7
Marion Gene Snyder R
Kentucky-3
William Huston Natcher D
Kentucky-2
James Hobson Morrison D
Louisiana-6
Theo Ashton Thompson D
Louisiana-7
Edwin Edward Willis D
Louisiana-3
Thomas Hale Boggs Sr. D
Louisiana-2
Felix Edward Hébert D
Louisiana-1
Otto Ernest Passman D
Louisiana-5
Joseph David Waggonner Jr. D
Louisiana-4
Gillis William Long D
Louisiana-8
Joseph William Martin Jr. R
Massachusetts-10
William Henry Bates R
Massachusetts-6
John William McCormack D
Massachusetts-9
Philip Joseph Philbin D
Massachusetts-3
Hastings Keith R
Massachusetts-12
Frank Bradford Morse R
Massachusetts-5
Harold Daniel Donohue D
Massachusetts-4
Torbert Hart Macdonald D
Massachusetts-7
James Anthony Burke D
Massachusetts-11
Thomas Phillip O’Neill Jr. D
Massachusetts-8
Edward Patrick Boland D
Massachusetts-2
Silvio Ottavio Conte R
Massachusetts-1
Richard Estep Lankford D
Maryland-5
Carlton Ralph Sickles D
Maryland-AL
George Hyde Fallon D
Maryland-4
Samuel Nathaniel Friedel D
Maryland-7
Edward Alexander Garmatz D
Maryland-3
Rogers Clark Ballard Morton R
Maryland-1
Charles McCurdy Mathias Jr. R
Maryland-6
Clarence Dickinson Long D
Maryland-2
Clifford Guy McIntire R
Maine-2
Stanley Roger Tupper R
Maine-1
John Bonifas Bennett R
Michigan-12
August Edgar Johansen R
Michigan-3
Victor Alfred Knox R
Michigan-11
John Lesinski Jr. D
Michigan-16
George Meader R
Michigan-2
Harold Martin Ryan D
Michigan-14
Neil Oliver Staebler D
Michigan-AL
Charles Ernest Chamberlain R
Michigan-6
Robert Paul Griffin R
Michigan-9
Martha Wright Griffiths D
Michigan-17
James Harvey R
Michigan-8
Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. R
Michigan-5
J. Edward Hutchinson R
Michigan-4
James Grant O’Hara D
Michigan-7
Elford Albin Cederberg R
Michigan-10
Charles Coles Diggs Jr. D
Michigan-13
Lucien Norbert Nedzi D
Michigan-1
William S. Broomfield R
Michigan-18
John D. Dingell D
Michigan-15
Alec Gehard Olson D
Minnesota-6
Odin Elsford Stanley Langen R
Minnesota-7
Clark MacGregor R
Minnesota-3
John Anton Blatnik D
Minnesota-8
Ancher Nelsen R
Minnesota-2
Joseph Edward Karth D
Minnesota-4
Donald MacKay Fraser D
Minnesota-5
Albert Harold Quie R
Minnesota-1
Clarence Andrew Cannon D
Missouri-9
Paul Caruthers Jones D
Missouri-10
Thomas Bradford Curtis R
Missouri-2
Frank Melvin Karsten D
Missouri-1
Durward Gorham Hall R
Missouri-7
William Raleigh Hull Jr. D
Missouri-6
William Joseph Randall D
Missouri-4
Leonor Kretzer Sullivan D
Missouri-3
Richard Howard Ichord II D
Missouri-8
Richard Walker Bolling D
Missouri-5
William Arthur Winstead D
Mississippi-4
John Bell Williams D
Mississippi-3
Thomas Gerstle Abernethy D
Mississippi-1
William Meyers Colmer D
Mississippi-5
Jamie Lloyd Whitten D
Mississippi-2
James Franklin Battin R
Montana-2
Arnold Olsen D
Montana-1
Herbert Covington Bonner D
North Carolina-1
Harold Dunbar Cooley D
North Carolina-4
Ralph James Scott D
North Carolina-5
Horace Robinson Kornegay D
North Carolina-6
Basil Lee Whitener D
North Carolina-10
Charles Raper Jonas R
North Carolina-8
Alton Asa Lennon D
North Carolina-7
David Newton Henderson D
North Carolina-3
Roy Arthur Taylor D
North Carolina-11
Lawrence H. Fountain D
North Carolina-2
James Thomas Broyhill R
North Carolina-9
Hjalmar Carl Nygaard R
North Dakota-1
Don Levingston Short R
North Dakota-2
Ralph Frederick Beermann R
Nebraska-1
Glenn Clarence Cunningham R
Nebraska-2
David Thomas Martin R
Nebraska-3
Louis Crosby Wyman R
New Hampshire-1
James Colgate Cleveland R
New Hampshire-2
James Coats Auchincloss R
New Jersey-3
Milton Willits Glenn R
New Jersey-2
Frank Charles Osmers Jr. R
New Jersey-9
George Marvin Wallhauser R
New Jersey-12
William Thomas Cahill R
New Jersey-1
Charles Samuel Joelson D
New Jersey-8
Florence Price Dwyer R
New Jersey-6
Cornelius Edward Gallagher D
New Jersey-13
Peter Hood Ballantine Frelinghuysen Jr. R
New Jersey-5
William Beck Widnall R
New Jersey-7
Dominick Vincent Daniels D
New Jersey-14
Edward James Patten D
New Jersey-15
Frank Thompson Jr. D
New Jersey-4
Joseph George Minish D
New Jersey-11
Peter Wallace Rodino Jr. D
New Jersey-10
Joseph Manuel Montoya D
New Mexico-AL
Walter Stephan Baring Jr. D
Nevada-AL
Robert Raymond Barry R
New York-25
Frank John Becker R
New York-5
Charles Anthony Buckley D
New York-23
Steven Boghos Derounian R
New York-3
James Christopher Healey D
New York-21
Clarence Evans Kilburn R
New York-31
William Edward Miller R
New York-40
Harold Charles Ostertag R
New York-37
John Raymond Pillion R
New York-39
Roy Walter Riehlman R
New York-34
Katharine Price Collier St. George R
New York-27
James Ernest Wharton R
New York-28
Eugene James Keogh D
New York-11
John Vliet Lindsay R
New York-17
Leo William O’Brien D
New York-29
Paul Albert Fino R
New York-24
Edna Flannery Kelly D
New York-12
Abraham Jacob Multer D
New York-13
Charles Ellsworth Goodell R
New York-38
Leonard Farbstein D
New York-19
Jacob H. Gilbert D
New York-22
Adam Clayton Powell Jr. D
New York-18
Emanuel Celler D
New York-10
Seymour Halpern R
New York-6
Alexander Pirnie R
New York-32
William Fitts Ryan D
New York-20
Hugh Leo Carey D
New York-15
Thaddeus Joseph Dulski D
New York-41
James Russell Grover Jr. R
New York-2
Carleton James King R
New York-30
Ogden Rogers Reid R
New York-26
Howard Winfield Robison R
New York-33
John James Rooney D
New York-14
James Joseph Delaney D
New York-9
Otis Grey Pike D
New York-1
John Michael Murphy D
New York-16
John Waldemar Wydler R
New York-4
Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal D
New York-8
Joseph Patrick Addabbo D
New York-7
Samuel Studdiford Stratton D
New York-35
Frank Jefferson Horton R
New York-36
Homer E. Abele R
Ohio-10
Oliver Payne Bolton R
Ohio-11
Carl West Rich R
Ohio-1
Paul Fornshell Schenck R
Ohio-3
Clarence J. Brown R
Ohio-7
Robert Thompson Secrest D
Ohio-15
Frances Payne Bolton R
Ohio-22
William Hanes Ayres R
Ohio-14
Michael Aloysius Feighan D
Ohio-20
Michael Joseph Kirwan D
Ohio-19
Jackson Edward Betts R
Ohio-8
Frank Townsend Bow R
Ohio-16
William Moore McCulloch R
Ohio-4
Robert Taft Jr. R
Ohio-AL
William Edwin Minshall Jr. R
Ohio-23
Donald Daniel Clancy R
Ohio-2
Wayne Levere Hays D
Ohio-18
Charles Adams Mosher R
Ohio-13
Thomas Ludlow Ashley D
Ohio-9
Samuel Leeper Devine R
Ohio-12
William Howard Harsha R
Ohio-6
Charles Albert Vanik D
Ohio-21
John Milan Ashbrook R
Ohio-17
Delbert Leroy Latta R
Ohio-5
Victor Eugene Wickersham D
Oklahoma-6
Page Henry Belcher R
Oklahoma-1
Edmond Augustus Edmondson D
Oklahoma-2
Carl Bert Albert D
Oklahoma-3
John Jarman D
Oklahoma-5
Thomas Jefferson Steed D
Oklahoma-4
Albin Walter Norblad Jr. R
Oregon-1
Edith Starrett Green D
Oregon-3
Robert Blackford Duncan D
Oregon-4
Albert Conrad Ullman D
Oregon-2
William Joseph Green Jr. D
Pennsylvania-5
Leon Harry Gavin R
Pennsylvania-23
William H. Milliken Jr. R
Pennsylvania-7
Francis Eugene Walter D
Pennsylvania-15
James Dorman Weaver R
Pennsylvania-24
Willard Sevier Curtin R
Pennsylvania-8
Paul Bartram Dague R
Pennsylvania-9
John Crain Kunkel R
Pennsylvania-16
Herman Toll D
Pennsylvania-4
Elmer Joseph Holland D
Pennsylvania-20
George Milton Rhodes D
Pennsylvania-6
James Aloysius Byrne D
Pennsylvania-3
Robert James Corbett R
Pennsylvania-18
James Grove Fulton R
Pennsylvania-27
John Irving Whalley R
Pennsylvania-12
Frank Monroe Clark D
Pennsylvania-25
George Atlee Goodling R
Pennsylvania-19
John Phillips Saylor R
Pennsylvania-22
William Aloysius Barrett D
Pennsylvania-1
Thomas Ellsworth Morgan D
Pennsylvania-26
Herman Theodore Schneebeli R
Pennsylvania-17
Richard Schultz Schweiker R
Pennsylvania-13
John Herman Dent D
Pennsylvania-21
Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix Sr. D
Pennsylvania-2
Daniel John Flood D
Pennsylvania-11
William Singer Moorhead D
Pennsylvania-14
Joseph Michael McDade R
Pennsylvania-10
John Edward Fogarty D
Rhode Island-2
Fernand Joseph St. Germain D
Rhode Island-1
Robert Witherspoon Hemphill D
South Carolina-5
Robert Thomas Ashmore D
South Carolina-4
Lucius Mendel Rivers D
South Carolina-1
Albert William Watson D
South Carolina-2
John Lanneau McMillan D
South Carolina-6
William Jennings Bryan Dorn D
South Carolina-3
Ellis Yarnal Berry R
South Dakota-2
Benjamin Reifel R
South Dakota-1
Ross Bass D
Tennessee-6
Howard Henry Baker R
Tennessee-2
Clifford Davis D
Tennessee-9
Thomas Jefferson Murray D
Tennessee-7
Robert Ashton Everett D
Tennessee-8
William Emerson Brock III R
Tennessee-3
Joseph Landon Evins D
Tennessee-4
Richard Harmon Fulton D
Tennessee-5
James Henry Quillen R
Tennessee-1
Bruce Reynolds Alger R
Texas-5
Joe Madison Kilgore D
Texas-15
William Homer Thornberry D
Texas-10
Lindley Garrison Beckworth Sr. D
Texas-3
Walter Edward Rogers D
Texas-18
Albert Thomas D
Texas-8
Clark Wallace Thompson D
Texas-9
Joe Richard Pool D
Texas-AL
Edgar Franklin Foreman R
Texas-16
John Vernard Dowdy D
Texas-7
Graham Boynton Purcell Jr. D
Texas-13
Ovie Clark Fisher D
Texas-21
Robert Randolph Casey D
Texas-22
John William Wright Patman D
Texas-1
Omar Truman Burleson D
Texas-17
George Herman Mahon D
Texas-19
William Robert Poage D
Texas-11
Olin Earl Teague D
Texas-6
John Andrew Young D
Texas-14
Herbert Ray Roberts D
Texas-4
James Claude Wright Jr. D
Texas-12
Jack Bascom Brooks D
Texas-2
Henry Barbosa González D
Texas-20
Laurence Junior Burton R
Utah-1
Sherman Parkinson Lloyd R
Utah-2
Julian Vaughan Gary D
Virginia-3
William Pat Jennings D
Virginia-9
Howard Worth Smith D
Virginia-8
Porter Hardy Jr. D
Virginia-2
William Munford Tuck D
Virginia-5
John Otho Marsh Jr. D
Virginia-7
Watkins Moorman Abbitt D
Virginia-4
Richard Harding Poff R
Virginia-6
Joel Thomas Broyhill R
Virginia-10
Thomas Nelms Downing D
Virginia-1
Robert Theodore Stafford R
Vermont-AL
Walter Franklin Horan R
Washington-5
K. William Stinson R
Washington-7
Thor Carl Tollefson R
Washington-6
Alfred John Westland R
Washington-2
Catherine Dean May R
Washington-4
Thomas Minor Pelly R
Washington-1
Julia Butler Hansen D
Washington-3
Lester Roland Johnson D
Wisconsin-9
William Kaiser Van Pelt R
Wisconsin-6
Melvin Robert Laird R
Wisconsin-7
Henry Carl Schadeberg R
Wisconsin-1
John William Byrnes R
Wisconsin-8
Alvin Edward O’Konski R
Wisconsin-10
Vernon Wallace Thomson R
Wisconsin-3
Henry Schoellkopf Reuss D
Wisconsin-5
Clement John Zablocki D
Wisconsin-4
Robert William Kastenmeier D
Wisconsin-2
Maude Elizabeth Kee D
West Virginia-5
Arch Alfred Moore Jr. R
West Virginia-1
Kenneth William Hechler D
West Virginia-4
John Mark Slack Jr. D
West Virginia-3
Harley Orrin Staggers D
West Virginia-2
William Henry Harrison R
Wyoming-AL
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+12,709Congress.gov ↗
Complete lists of public laws start with the 93rd Congress (Jan 3, 1973). Earlier years show notable and landmark acts only.
12,709 laws recorded · 35 landmark · 2,686 notable
Clean Air Act landmark
Pub. L. 88-206 · Dec 17, 1963
Civil Rights Act of 1964 landmark
Pub. L. 88-352 · Jul 2, 1964
Elementary and Secondary Education Act landmark
Pub. L. 89-10 · Apr 11, 1965
Social Security Amendments of 1965 landmark
Pub. L. 89-97 · Jul 30, 1965
Voting Rights Act of 1965 landmark
Pub. L. 89-110 · Aug 6, 1965
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 landmark
Pub. L. 89-236 · Oct 3, 1965
Higher Education Act of 1965 landmark
Pub. L. 89-329 · Nov 8, 1965
Freedom of Information Act landmark
Pub. L. 89-487 · Jul 4, 1966
Civil Rights Act of 1968 landmark
Pub. L. 90-284 · Apr 11, 1968
National Environmental Policy Act landmark
Pub. L. 91-190 · Jan 1, 1970
Show 30 more notable laws
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) landmark
Pub. L. 91-596 · Dec 29, 1970
Clean Water Act landmark
Pub. L. 92-500 · Oct 18, 1972
War Powers Resolution landmark
Pub. L. 93-148 · Nov 7, 1973
Rep. Clement Zablocki D-WI-4 · House 284–135 · Senate 75–18 · signed by Nixon
Endangered Species Act of 1973 landmark
Pub. L. 93-205 · Dec 28, 1973
Sen. Harrison Williams D-NJ · House 355–4 · Senate 92–0 · signed by Nixon
Tax Reform Act of 1986 landmark
Pub. L. 99-514 · Oct 22, 1986
Rep. Dan Rostenkowski D-IL-8 · House 292–136 · Senate 74–23 · signed by Reagan
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (Simpson-Mazzoli Act) landmark
Pub. L. 99-603 · Nov 6, 1986
Sen. Alan Simpson R-WY · House 238–173 · Senate 63–24 · signed by Reagan
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 landmark
Pub. L. 101-336 · Jul 26, 1990
Sen. Tom Harkin D-IA · House 377–28 · Senate 91–6 · signed by Bush
Telecommunications Act of 1996 landmark
Pub. L. 104-104 · Feb 8, 1996
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 landmark
Pub. L. 104-193 · Aug 22, 1996
Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001 landmark
Pub. L. 107-56 · Oct 26, 2001
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 landmark
Pub. L. 107-110 · Jan 8, 2002
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 landmark
Pub. L. 107-204 · Jul 30, 2002
Homeland Security Act of 2002 landmark
Pub. L. 107-296 · Nov 25, 2002
Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 landmark
Pub. L. 108-173 · Dec 8, 2003
Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 landmark
Pub. L. 110-343 · Oct 3, 2008
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 landmark
Pub. L. 111-5 · Feb 17, 2009
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act landmark
Pub. L. 111-148 · Mar 23, 2010
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act landmark
Pub. L. 111-203 · Jul 21, 2010
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 landmark
Pub. L. 115-97 · Dec 22, 2017
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act landmark
Pub. L. 116-136 · Mar 27, 2020
American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 landmark
Pub. L. 117-2 · Mar 11, 2021
Rep. John Yarmuth D-KY-3 · House 219–212 · Senate 50–49 · signed by Biden
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act landmark
Pub. L. 117-58 · Nov 15, 2021
Rep. Peter DeFazio D-OR-4 · House 221–201 · Senate 69–30 · signed by Biden
CHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act landmark
Pub. L. 117-167 · Aug 9, 2022
Rep. Tim Ryan D-OH-13 · House 215–207 · Senate 64–33 · signed by Biden
Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 landmark
Pub. L. 117-169 · Aug 16, 2022
Rep. John Yarmuth D-KY-3 · House 220–213 · Senate 50–50 · signed by Biden
One Big Beautiful Bill Act landmark
Pub. L. 119-21 · Jul 4, 2025
Library Services and Construction Act
Pub. L. 88-269 · Feb 11, 1964
Revenue Act of 1964
Pub. L. 88-272 · Feb 26, 1964
Presidential Transition Act of 1963
Pub. L. 88-277 · Mar 7, 1964
Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 (Federal Transit Act)
Pub. L. 88-365 · Jul 9, 1964
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Pub. L. 88-408 · Aug 10, 1964
Under each law: its sponsor, the final-passage roll call in each chamber (hover for the party split; no roll call means a voice vote or unanimous consent), and the president who signed it. Sources: Congress.gov, the House Clerk, and the Senate.

Judicial3 files+9,326−9

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
+9−9Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 5 D · 4 R → 6 R · 3 D · every justice ↗
Hugo Lafayette Black D
appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt · 1937 · confirmed 63–16
William Orville Douglas D
appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt · 1939 · confirmed 62–4
Tom C. Clark D
appointed by Harry S Truman · 1949 · confirmed 73–8
Earl Warren R
appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower · 1954
John Marshall Harlan R
appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower · 1955 · confirmed 71–11
William Joseph Brennan, Jr. R
appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower · 1957
Potter Stewart R
appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower · 1959 · confirmed 70–17
Byron Raymond White D
appointed by John F. Kennedy · 1962
Arthur Joseph Goldberg D
appointed by John F. Kennedy · 1962
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991 · confirmed 52–48
John Glover Roberts, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2005 · confirmed 78–22
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2006 · confirmed 58–42
Sonia Sotomayor D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2009 · confirmed 68–31
Elena Kagan D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2010 · confirmed 63–37
Neil M. Gorsuch R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2017 · confirmed 54–45
Brett M. Kavanaugh R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2018 · confirmed 50–48
Amy Coney Barrett R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2020 · confirmed 52–48
Ketanji Brown Jackson D
appointed by Joseph R. Biden · 2022 · confirmed 53–47
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+2,983Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): 38 D · 37 R → 92 R · 87 D
District courts (active judges): 188 D · 106 R · 3 N( · 1 N( → 373 D · 279 R
John F. Kennedy D appointed 3 judges
1 appeals · 2 district
Lyndon B. Johnson D appointed 187 judges
2 Supreme Court · 40 appeals · 132 district · 13 other
Richard M. Nixon R appointed 239 judges
4 Supreme Court · 46 appeals · 182 district · 7 other
Gerald Ford R appointed 67 judges
1 Supreme Court · 11 appeals · 55 district
Jimmy Carter D appointed 267 judges
56 appeals · 208 district · 3 other
Ronald Reagan R appointed 387 judges
4 Supreme Court · 83 appeals · 294 district · 6 other
None (reassignment) N( appointed 70 judges
33 appeals · 27 district · 10 other
George H.W. Bush R appointed 194 judges
2 Supreme Court · 42 appeals · 149 district · 1 other
William J. Clinton D appointed 383 judges
2 Supreme Court · 66 appeals · 310 district · 5 other
George W. Bush R appointed 328 judges
2 Supreme Court · 61 appeals · 263 district · 2 other
Barack Obama D appointed 330 judges
2 Supreme Court · 55 appeals · 269 district · 4 other
Donald J. Trump R appointed 293 judges
3 Supreme Court · 64 appeals · 222 district · 4 other
Joseph R. Biden D appointed 235 judges
1 Supreme Court · 45 appeals · 187 district · 2 other
4 circuits flipped majority
Second Circuit 4 D · 5 R (R majority)
Second Circuit 7 D · 6 R (D majority)
Third Circuit 7 D · 0 R (D majority)
Third Circuit 6 D · 8 R (R majority)
Fourth Circuit 2 D · 3 R (R majority)
Fourth Circuit 9 D · 6 R (D majority)
Ninth Circuit 2 D · 6 R (R majority)
Ninth Circuit 16 D · 13 R (D majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+6,334Supreme Court Database ↗
6,334 argued decisions · 30 landmark
Wesberry v. Sanders
376 U.S. 1 · Feb 17, 1964 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
376 U.S. 254 · Mar 9, 1964 · Decided 9–0 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Struck down state law
Schneider v. Rusk
377 U.S. 163 · May 18, 1964 · Decided 5–3 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Reynolds v. Sims
377 U.S. 533 · Jun 15, 1964 · Decided 8–1 · Civil Rights · Affirmed · Struck down state law
Malloy v. Hogan
378 U.S. 1 · Jun 15, 1964 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Murphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor
378 U.S. 52 · Jun 15, 1964 · Decided 9–0 · Criminal Procedure · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Overruled precedent
Jackson v. Denno
378 U.S. 368 · Jun 22, 1964 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Escobedo v. Illinois
378 U.S. 478 · Jun 22, 1964 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Aptheker v. Secretary of State
378 U.S. 500 · Jun 22, 1964 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
McLaughlin v. Florida
379 U.S. 184 · Dec 7, 1964 · Decided 9–0 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Show 20 more
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
Dec 14, 1964 · Decided 9–0 · Civil Rights · Affirmed
Pointer v. Texas
Apr 5, 1965 · Decided 9–0 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Lamont v. Postmaster General
May 24, 1965 · Decided 8–0 · First Amendment · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Brown
Jun 7, 1965 · Decided 5–4 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Overruled precedent · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Griswold v. Connecticut
Jun 7, 1965 · Decided 7–2 · Privacy · Reversed · Struck down state law
Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board
Nov 15, 1965 · Decided 8–0 · First Amendment · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Swift & Co., Inc. v. Wickham
Nov 22, 1965 · Decided 6–3 · Judicial Power · Dismissed · Overruled precedent
United States v. Romano
Nov 22, 1965 · Decided 9–0 · Due Process · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Harris v. United States
Dec 6, 1965 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
South Carolina v. Katzenbach
Mar 7, 1966 · Decided 8–1 · Civil Rights · Dismissed
Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
Mar 24, 1966 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Miranda v. Arizona
Jun 13, 1966 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Spevack v. Klein
Jan 16, 1967 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Keyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York
Jan 23, 1967 · Decided 5–4 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Afroyim v. Rusk
May 29, 1967 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Warden v. Hayden
May 29, 1967 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Camara v. Municipal Court of the City and County of San Francisco
Jun 5, 1967 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent · Struck down local ordinance
Loving v. Virginia
Jun 12, 1967 · Decided 9–0 · Civil Rights · Reversed · Struck down state law
Berger v. New York
Jun 12, 1967 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
United States v. Robel
Dec 11, 1967 · Decided 6–2 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal3 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
+646% real spendingOMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year 1964 → fiscal year 2025 · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
Spending $119B
FY1964
Spending $7.01T
FY2025 · +5815% nominal · +646% after inflation
Revenue $113B
FY1964
Revenue $5.24T
FY2025 · +4550% nominal · +486% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$5.9B
FY1964
Surplus / deficit −$1.77T
FY2025 · −$1.77T
Spending, % of GDP 17.9%
FY1964
Spending, % of GDP 23.1%
FY2025 · +5.2 pts
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 38.8%
FY1964
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 99.5%
FY2025 · +60.7 pts
Spending by function · real change
Social Security
$16.6B → $1.58T · +1099%
Health
$1.8B → $979B · +6800%
Net interest
$8.2B → $970B · +1392%
National Defense
$54.8B → $916B · +111%
Income Security
$9.7B → $702B · +817%
Veterans Benefits and Services
$5.7B → $377B · +737%
Transportation
$5.2B → $145B · +250%
Natural Resources and Environment
$2.4B → $89.8B · +379%
Administration of Justice
$489M → $83.1B · +2044%
Community and Regional Development
$933M → $82.4B · +1013%
Education, Training, Employment, and Social Services
$1.6B → $72.0B · +484%
Agriculture
$4.6B → $47.4B · +30%
International Affairs
$4.9B → $45.2B · +15%
General Science, Space, and Technology
$4.9B → $42.0B · +8.1%
General Government
$1.5B → $40.5B · +237%
Commerce and Housing Credit
$418M → −$28.1B · −949%
A fiscal year still in progress has no actual figures yet, so the latest completed year is shown.
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$40.0TTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$306B
as of Jun 30, 1963
$40.3T
as of Oct 13, 2026
fiscal/economyPrices and jobs
+994% pricesBureau of Labor Statistics ↗
Prices rose 994% · a dollar in Nov 1963 bought what $10.94 buys in Sep 2026
Consumer prices 30.8
CPI-U, Nov 1963
Consumer prices 336.9
CPI-U, Sep 2026 · +994%
Unemployment 5.7%
Nov 1963
Unemployment 4.2%
Sep 2026 · −1.5 points
Latest monthly reading on or before each date. Prices are the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (from 1913); unemployment is the seasonally adjusted rate (from 1948).

Constitution & Union1 file+4

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
+4National Archives ↗
23 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
Amendment XXIV Abolition of poll taxes in federal elections
ratified Jan 23, 1964 · Prohibits poll taxes in federal elections.
Amendment XXV Presidential succession and disability
ratified Feb 10, 1967 · Procedures for presidential succession, vice-presidential vacancies, and incapacity.
Amendment XXVI Voting age lowered to 18
ratified Jul 1, 1971 · Prohibits denying the vote to citizens 18 or older on account of age.
Amendment XXVII Congressional pay changes
ratified May 7, 1992 · Delays congressional pay changes until after the next House election. Proposed in 1789.

Reverts1 file−541

revert/undoneWhat was undone
−541Federal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
335 executive orders revoked or superseded · 40 rules struck down by Congress · 166 Supreme Court precedents overruled
Trump revoked 110 orders: 80 by Biden, 18 by Obama, 6 by themselves, 4 by Clinton, 2 by Bush
Biden revoked 86 orders: 68 by Trump, 9 by Obama, 7 by themselves, 2 by Bush
Bush revoked 56 orders: 31 by Clinton, 25 by themselves
Obama revoked 51 orders: 27 by Bush, 19 by themselves, 5 by Clinton
Clinton revoked 32 orders: 32 by themselves
EO 14110 Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence
signed Oct 30, 2023 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14141 Advancing United States Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure
signed Jan 14, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jul 23, 2025 by EO 14318 (Trump)
EO 12958 Classified National Security Information
signed Apr 17, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Dec 29, 2009 by EO 13526 (Obama)
EO 14074 Advancing Effective, Accountable Policing and Criminal Justice Practices To Enhance Public Trust and Public Safety
signed May 25, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14008 Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad
signed Jan 27, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13693 Planning for Federal Sustainability in the Next Decade
signed Mar 19, 2015 by Obama · revoked May 17, 2018 by EO 13834 (Trump)
EO 14036 Promoting Competition in the American Economy
signed Jul 9, 2021 by Biden · revoked Aug 13, 2025 by EO 14337 (Trump)
EO 13148 Greening the Government Through Leadership in Environmental Management
signed Apr 21, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Jan 24, 2007 by EO 13423 (Bush)
EO 14081 Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy
signed Sep 12, 2022 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 14035 Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility in the Federal Workforce
signed Jun 25, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
Show 325 more revoked orders
EO 14096 Revitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All
signed Apr 21, 2023 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13123 Greening the Government Through Efficient Energy Management
signed Jun 3, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Jan 24, 2007 by EO 13423 (Bush)
EO 14067 Ensuring Responsible Development of Digital Assets
signed Mar 9, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 23, 2025 by EO 14178 (Trump)
EO 13101 Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition
signed Sep 14, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Jan 24, 2007 by EO 13423 (Bush)
EO 14057 Catalyzing Clean Energy Industries and Jobs Through Federal Sustainability
signed Dec 8, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14091 Further Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government
signed Feb 16, 2023 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13192 Lifting and Modifying Measures With Respect to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)
signed Jan 17, 2001 by Clinton · revoked May 28, 2003 by EO 13304 (Bush)
EO 13673 Fair Pay and Safe Workplaces
signed Jul 31, 2014 by Obama · revoked Mar 27, 2017 by EO 13782 (Trump)
EO 13807 Establishing Discipline and Accountability in the Environmental Review and Permitting Process for Infrastructure Projects
signed Aug 15, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13950 Combating Race and Sex Stereotyping
signed Sep 22, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13985 (Biden)
EO 13989 Ethics Commitments by Executive Branch Personnel
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13990 Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science To Tackle the Climate Crisis
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14031 Advancing Equity, Justice, and Opportunity for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders
signed May 28, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14045 White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Hispanics
signed Sep 13, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14050 White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans
signed Oct 19, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14075 Advancing Equality for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Intersex Individuals
signed Jun 15, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13011 Federal Information Technology
signed Jul 16, 1996 by Clinton · revoked May 12, 2006 by EO 13403 (Bush)
EO 13490 Ethics Commitments by Executive Branch Personnel
signed Jan 21, 2009 by Obama · revoked Jan 28, 2017 by EO 13770 (Trump)
EO 13653 Preparing the United States for the Impacts of Climate Change
signed Nov 1, 2013 by Obama · revoked Mar 28, 2017 by EO 13783 (Trump)
EO 13754 Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience
signed Dec 9, 2016 by Obama · revoked Apr 28, 2017 by EO 13795 (Trump)
EO 13927 Accelerating the Nation's Economic Recovery From the COVID-19 Emergency by Expediting Infrastructure Investments and Other Activities
signed Jun 4, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13836 Developing Efficient, Effective, and Cost- Reducing Approaches To Federal Sector Collective Bargaining
signed May 25, 2018 by Trump · revoked Jan 22, 2021 by EO 14003 (Biden)
EO 13837 Ensuring Transparency, Accountability, and Efficiency in Taxpayer-Funded Union Time Use
signed May 25, 2018 by Trump · revoked Jan 22, 2021 by EO 14003 (Biden)
EO 13967 Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture
signed Dec 18, 2020 by Trump · revoked Feb 24, 2021 by EO 14018 (Biden)
EO 13621 White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for African Americans
signed Jul 26, 2012 by Obama · revoked Oct 19, 2021 by EO 14050 (Biden)
EO 14013 Rebuilding and Enhancing Programs To Resettle Refugees and Planning for the Impact of Climate Change on Migration
signed Feb 4, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14049 White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities
signed Oct 11, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14119 Scaling and Expanding the Use of Registered Apprenticeships in Industries and the Federal Government and Promoting Labor-Management Forums
signed Mar 6, 2024 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 14126 Investing in America and Investing in American Workers
signed Sep 6, 2024 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 13508 Chesapeake Bay Protection and Restoration
signed May 12, 2009 by Obama · revoked Sep 16, 2026 by EO 14428 (Trump)
EO 13149 Greening the Government Through Federal Fleet and Transportation Efficiency
signed Apr 21, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Jan 24, 2007 by EO 13423 (Bush)
EO 13233 Further Implementation of the Presidential Records Act
signed Nov 1, 2001 by Bush · revoked Jan 21, 2009 by EO 13489 (Obama)
EO 13423 Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management
signed Jan 24, 2007 by Bush · revoked Mar 25, 2015 by EO 13693 (Obama)
EO 13768 Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States
signed Jan 25, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13993 (Biden)
EO 13783 Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth
signed Mar 28, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13868 Promoting Energy Infrastructure and Economic Growth
signed Apr 10, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13880 Collecting Information About Citizenship Status in Connection With the Decennial Census
signed Jul 11, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13986 (Biden)
EO 13892 Promoting the Rule of Law Through Transparency and Fairness in Civil Administrative Enforcement and Adjudication
signed Oct 9, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13839 Promoting Accountability and Streamlining Removal Procedures Consistent With Merit System Principles
signed May 25, 2018 by Trump · revoked Jan 22, 2021 by EO 14003 (Biden)
EO 13957 Creating Schedule F in the Excepted Service
signed Oct 21, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jan 22, 2021 by EO 14003 (Biden)
EO 13767 Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements
signed Jan 25, 2017 by Trump · revoked Feb 2, 2021 by EO 14010 (Biden)
EO 13845 Establishing the President's National Council for the American Worker
signed Jul 19, 2018 by Trump · revoked Apr 26, 2021 by EO 14025 (Biden)
EO 13925 Preventing Online Censorship
signed May 28, 2020 by Trump · revoked May 14, 2021 by EO 14029 (Biden)
EO 13872 Economic Empowerment of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
signed May 13, 2019 by Trump · revoked May 28, 2021 by EO 14031 (Biden)
EO 13985 Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14010 Creating a Comprehensive Regional Framework To Address the Causes of Migration, To Manage Migration Throughout North and Central America, and To Provide Safe and Orderly Processing of Asylum Seekers at the United States Border
signed Feb 2, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14019 Promoting Access to Voting
signed Mar 7, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14020 Establishment of the White House Gender Policy Council
signed Mar 8, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14030 Climate-Related Financial Risk
signed May 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14055 Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers Under Service Contracts
signed Nov 18, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14072 Strengthening the Nation's Forests, Communities, and Local Economies
signed Apr 22, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14154 (Trump)
EO 14124 White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity Through Hispanic-Serving Institutions
signed Jul 17, 2024 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 12898 Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
signed Feb 11, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Jan 21, 2025 by EO 14173 (Trump)
EO 14112 Reforming Federal Funding and Support for Tribal Nations To Better Embrace Our Trust Responsibilities and Promote the Next Era of Tribal Self-Determination
signed Dec 6, 2023 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 14041 White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity Through Historically Black Colleges and Universities
signed Sep 3, 2021 by Biden · revoked Apr 23, 2025 by EO 14283 (Trump)
EO 13134 Developing and Promoting Biobased Products and Bioenergy
signed Aug 12, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13021 Tribal Colleges and Universities
signed Oct 19, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Jul 3, 2002 by EO 13270 (Bush)
EO 13096 American Indian and Alaska Native Education
signed Aug 6, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Apr 30, 2004 by EO 13336 (Bush)
EO 13201 Notification of Employee Rights Concerning Payment of Union Dues or Fees
signed Feb 17, 2001 by Bush · revoked Jan 30, 2009 by EO 13496 (Obama)
EO 13532 Promoting Excellence, Innovation, and Sustainability at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
signed Feb 26, 2010 by Obama · revoked Feb 28, 2017 by EO 13779 (Trump)
EO 13690 Establishing a Federal Flood Risk Management Standard and a Process for Further Soliciting and Considering Stakeholder Input
signed Jan 30, 2015 by Obama · revoked Aug 15, 2017 by EO 13807 (Trump)
EO 13522 Creating Labor-Management Forums to Improve Delivery of Government Services
signed Dec 9, 2009 by Obama · revoked Sep 29, 2017 by EO 13812 (Trump)
EO 13958 Establishing the President's Advisory 1776 Commission
signed Nov 2, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jan 1, 2021 by EO 13985 (Biden)
EO 13795 Implementing an America-First Offshore Energy Strategy
signed Apr 28, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13891 Promoting the Rule of Law Through Improved Agency Guidance Documents
signed Oct 9, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13815 Resuming the United States Refugee Admissions Program With Enhanced Vetting Capabilities
signed Oct 24, 2017 by Trump · revoked Feb 4, 2021 by EO 14013 (Biden)
EO 13801 Expanding Apprenticeships in America
signed Jun 15, 2017 by Trump · revoked Feb 17, 2021 by EO 14016 (Biden)
EO 13828 Reducing Poverty in America by Promoting Opportunity and Economic Mobility
signed Apr 10, 2018 by Trump · revoked Feb 24, 2021 by EO 14018 (Biden)
EO 13924 Regulatory Relief To Support Economic Recovery
signed May 19, 2020 by Trump · revoked Feb 24, 2021 by EO 14018 (Biden)
EO 13658 Establishing a Minimum Wage for Contractors
signed Feb 12, 2014 by Obama · revoked Apr 27, 2021 by EO 14026 (Biden)
EO 13933 Protecting American Monuments, Memorials, and Statues and Combating Recent Criminal Violence
signed Jun 26, 2020 by Trump · revoked May 14, 2021 by EO 14029 (Biden)
EO 13978 Building the National Garden of American Heroes
signed Jan 18, 2021 by Trump · revoked May 14, 2021 by EO 14029 (Biden)
EO 13980 Protecting Americans From Overcriminalization Through Regulatory Reform
signed Jan 18, 2021 by Trump · revoked May 14, 2021 by EO 14029 (Biden)
EO 13515 Increasing Participation of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Federal Programs
signed Oct 14, 2009 by Obama · revoked May 28, 2021 by EO 14031 (Biden)
EO 13935 White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative
signed Jul 9, 2020 by Trump · revoked Sep 13, 2021 by EO 14045 (Biden)
EO 13803 Reviving the National Space Council
signed Jun 30, 2017 by Trump · revoked Dec 1, 2021 by EO 14056 (Biden)
EO 13929 Safe Policing for Safe Communities
signed Jun 16, 2020 by Trump · revoked May 25, 2022 by EO 14074 (Biden)
EO 13853 Establishing the White House Opportunity and Revitalization Council
signed Dec 12, 2018 by Trump · revoked Feb 16, 2023 by EO 14091 (Biden)
EO 13995 Ensuring an Equitable Pandemic Response and Recovery
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14000 Supporting the Reopening and Continuing Operation of Schools and Early Childhood Education Providers
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14012 Restoring Faith in Our Legal Immigration Systems and Strengthening Integration and Inclusion Efforts for New Americans
signed Feb 2, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14082 Implementation of the Energy and Infrastructure Provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
signed Sep 12, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14084 Promoting the Arts, the Humanities, and Museum and Library Services
signed Sep 30, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14115 Imposing Certain Sanctions on Persons Undermining Peace, Security, and Stability in the West Bank
signed Feb 1, 2024 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14026 Increasing the Minimum Wage for Federal Contractors
signed Apr 27, 2021 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 14056 The National Space Council
signed Dec 1, 2021 by Biden · revoked Dec 18, 2025 by EO 14369 (Trump)
EO 12900 Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans
signed Feb 22, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Oct 12, 2001 by EO 13230 (Bush)
EO 12975 Protection of Human Research Subjects and Creation of National Bioethics Advisory Commission
signed Oct 3, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13440 Interpretation of the Geneva Conventions Common Article 3 as Applied to a Program of Detention and Interrogation Operated by the Central Intelligence Agency
signed Jul 20, 2007 by Bush · revoked Jan 22, 2009 by EO 13491 (Obama)
EO 13435 Expanding Approved Stem Cell Lines in Ethically Responsible Ways
signed Jun 20, 2007 by Bush · revoked Mar 9, 2009 by EO 13505 (Obama)
EO 13125 Increasing Participation of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Federal Programs
signed Jun 7, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Oct 14, 2009 by EO 13515 (Obama)
EO 13339 Increasing Economic Opportunity and Business Participation of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
signed May 13, 2004 by Bush · revoked Oct 14, 2009 by EO 13515 (Obama)
EO 13237 Creation of the President's Council on Bioethics
signed Nov 28, 2001 by Bush · revoked Nov 24, 2009 by EO 13521 (Obama)
EO 13256 President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities
signed Feb 12, 2002 by Bush · revoked Feb 26, 2010 by EO 13532 (Obama)
EO 13366 Committee on Ocean Policy
signed Dec 17, 2004 by Bush · revoked Jul 19, 2010 by EO 13547 (Obama)
EO 13575 Establishment of the White House Rural Council
signed Jun 9, 2011 by Obama · revoked Apr 25, 2017 by EO 13790 (Trump)
EO 13688 Federal Support for Local Law Enforcement Equipment Acquisition
signed Jan 16, 2015 by Obama · revoked Aug 28, 2017 by EO 13809 (Trump)
EO 12993 Administrative Allegations Against Inspectors General
signed Mar 21, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 2017 by EO 13811 (Trump)
EO 13545 President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition
signed Jun 22, 2010 by Obama · revoked Feb 26, 2018 by EO 13824 (Trump)
EO 13337 Issuance of Permits With Respect to Certain Energy-Related Facilities and Land Transportation Crossings on the International Boundaries of the United States
signed Apr 30, 2004 by Bush · revoked Apr 10, 2019 by EO 13867 (Trump)
EO 13771 Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs
signed Jan 30, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13777 Enforcing the Regulatory Reform Agenda
signed Feb 24, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13792 Review of Designations Under the Antiquities Act
signed Apr 26, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13875 Evaluating and Improving the Utility of Federal Advisory Committees
signed Jun 14, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13788 Buy American and Hire American
signed Apr 18, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 25, 2021 by EO 14005 (Biden)
EO 13858 Strengthening Buy-American Preferences for Infrastructure Projects
signed Jan 31, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 25, 2021 by EO 14006 (Biden)
EO 13881 Maximizing Use of American-Made Goods, Products, and Materials
signed Jul 15, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 25, 2021 by EO 14005 (Biden)
EO 13895 President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
signed Oct 22, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 27, 2021 by EO 14007 (Biden)
EO 13813 Promoting Healthcare Choice and Competition Across the United States
signed Oct 12, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 28, 2021 by EO 14009 (Biden)
EO 13831 Establishment of a White House Faith and Opportunity Initiative
signed May 3, 2018 by Trump · revoked Feb 14, 2021 by EO 14015 (Biden)
EO 13979 Ensuring Democratic Accountability in Agency Rulemaking
signed Jan 18, 2021 by Trump · revoked Feb 24, 2021 by EO 14018 (Biden)
EO 13964 Rebranding United States Foreign Assistance To Advance American Influence
signed Dec 10, 2020 by Trump · revoked May 14, 2021 by EO 14029 (Biden)
EO 13942 Addressing the Threat Posed by TikTok, and Taking Additional Steps To Address the National Emergency With Respect to the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain
signed Aug 6, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jun 9, 2021 by EO 14034 (Biden)
EO 13943 Addressing the Threat Posed by WeChat, and Taking Additional Steps To Address the National Emergency With Respect to the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain
signed Aug 6, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jun 9, 2021 by EO 14034 (Biden)
EO 13971 Addressing the Threat Posed by Applications and Other Software Developed or Controlled by Chinese Companies
signed Jan 5, 2021 by Trump · revoked Jun 9, 2021 by EO 14034 (Biden)
EO 13502 Use of Project Labor Agreements for Federal Construction Projects
signed Feb 6, 2009 by Obama · revoked Feb 4, 2022 by EO 14063 (Biden)
EO 13986 Ensuring a Lawful and Accurate Enumeration and Apportionment Pursuant to the Decennial Census
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13987 Organizing and Mobilizing the United States Government To Provide a Unified and Effective Response To Combat COVID-19 and To Provide United States Leadership on Global Health and Security
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13988 Preventing and Combating Discrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity or Sexual Orientation
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13996 Establishing the COVID-19 Pandemic Testing Board and Ensuring a Sustainable Public Health Workforce for COVID-19 and Other Biological Threats
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13997 Improving and Expanding Access to Care and Treatments for COVID-19
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13999 Protecting Worker Health and Safety
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14003 Protecting the Federal Workforce
signed Jan 22, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14004 Enabling All Qualified Americans To Serve Their Country in Uniform
signed Jan 25, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14007 President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
signed Jan 27, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14009 Strengthening Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act
signed Jan 28, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14011 Establishment of Interagency Task Force on the Reunification of Families
signed Feb 2, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14015 Establishment of the White House Office of Faith- Based and Neighborhood Partnerships
signed Feb 14, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14037 Strengthening American Leadership in Clean Cars and Trucks
signed Aug 5, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14070 Continuing To Strengthen Americans' Access to Affordable, Quality Health Coverage
signed Apr 5, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14089 Establishing the President's Advisory Council on African Diaspora Engagement in the United States
signed Dec 13, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14094 Modernizing Regulatory Review
signed Apr 6, 2023 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14143 Providing for the Appointment of Alumni of AmeriCorps to the Competitive Service
signed Jan 16, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13583 Establishing a Coordinated Government-Wide Initiative to Promote Diversity and Inclusion in the Federal Workforce
signed Aug 18, 2011 by Obama · revoked Jan 21, 2025 by EO 14173 (Trump)
EO 14076 Protecting Access to Reproductive Healthcare Services
signed Jul 8, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 24, 2025 by EO 14182 (Trump)
EO 14079 Securing Access to Reproductive and Other Healthcare Services
signed Aug 3, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 24, 2025 by EO 14182 (Trump)
EO 13994 Ensuring a Data-Driven Response to COVID-19 and Future High-Consequence Public Health Threats
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Mar 14, 2025 by EO 14236 (Trump)
EO 13174 Commission on Workers, Communities, and Economic Change in the New Economy
signed Oct 27, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Jun 20, 2001 by EO 13218 (Bush)
EO 13075 Special Oversight Board for Department of Defense Investigations of Gulf War Chemical and Biological Incidents
signed Feb 19, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13080 American Heritage Rivers Initiative Advisory Committee
signed Apr 7, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13090 President's Commission on the Celebration of Women in American History
signed Jun 29, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13168 President's Commission on Improving Economic Opportunity in Communities Dependent on Tobacco Production While Protecting Public Health
signed Sep 22, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13130 National Infrastructure Assurance Council
signed Jul 14, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Oct 16, 2001 by EO 13231 (Bush)
EO 13147 White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Policy
signed Mar 7, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13194 Prohibiting the Importation of Rough Diamonds From Sierra Leone
signed Jan 18, 2001 by Clinton · revoked Jan 15, 2004 by EO 13324 (Bush)
EO 13000 Order of Succession of Officers To Act as Secretary of Defense
signed Apr 24, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Dec 22, 2005 by EO 13394 (Bush)
EO 13176 Facilitation of a Presidential Transition
signed Nov 27, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Oct 9, 2008 by EO 13476 (Bush)
EO 13258 Amending Executive Order 12866 on Regulatory Planning and Review
signed Feb 26, 2002 by Bush · revoked Jan 30, 2009 by EO 13497 (Obama)
EO 13202 Preservation of Open Competition and Government Neutrality Towards Government Contractors'Labor Relations on Federal and Federally Funded Construction Projects
signed Feb 17, 2001 by Bush · revoked Feb 6, 2009 by EO 13502 (Obama)
EO 13394 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Defense
signed Dec 22, 2005 by Bush · revoked Mar 1, 2010 by EO 13533 (Obama)
EO 13299 Interagency Group on Insular Areas
signed May 12, 2003 by Bush · revoked Apr 14, 2010 by EO 13537 (Obama)
EO 13226 President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
signed Sep 30, 2001 by Bush · revoked Apr 21, 2010 by EO 13539 (Obama)
EO 13241 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Agriculture
signed Dec 18, 2001 by Bush · revoked May 13, 2010 by EO 13542 (Obama)
EO 13481 Providing An Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice
signed Dec 9, 2008 by Bush · revoked Nov 4, 2010 by EO 13557 (Obama)
EO 13162 Federal Career Intern Program
signed Jul 6, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Dec 27, 2010 by EO 13562 (Obama)
EO 13318 Presidential Management Fellows Program
signed Nov 21, 2003 by Bush · revoked Dec 27, 2010 by EO 13562 (Obama)
EO 12941 Seismic Safety of Existing Federally Owned or Leased Buildings
signed Dec 1, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Feb 2, 2016 by EO 13717 (Obama)
EO 13047 Prohibiting New Investment in Burma
signed May 20, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Oct 7, 2016 by EO 13742 (Obama)
EO 13762 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice
signed Jan 13, 2017 by Obama · revoked Feb 9, 2017 by EO 13775 (Trump)
EO 13533 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Defense
signed Mar 1, 2010 by Obama · revoked Dec 10, 2020 by EO 13963 (Trump)
EO 13766 Expediting Environmental Reviews and Approvals for High Priority Infrastructure Projects
signed Jan 24, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13778 Restoring the Rule of Law, Federalism, and Economic Growth by Reviewing the "Waters of the United States" Rule
signed Feb 28, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13990 (Biden)
EO 13893 Increasing Government Accountability for Administrative Actions by Reinvigorating Administrative PAYGO
signed Oct 10, 2019 by Trump · revoked Jan 20, 2021 by EO 13992 (Biden)
EO 13975 Encouraging Buy American Policies for the United States Postal Service
signed Jan 14, 2021 by Trump · revoked Jan 25, 2021 by EO 14006 (Biden)
EO 13765 Minimizing the Economic Burden of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Pending Repeal
signed Jan 20, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 28, 2021 by EO 14009 (Biden)
EO 13841 Affording Congress an Opportunity To Address Family Separation
signed Jun 20, 2018 by Trump · revoked Feb 2, 2021 by EO 14011 (Biden)
EO 13888 Enhancing State and Local Involvement in Refugee Resettlement
signed Sep 26, 2019 by Trump · revoked Feb 4, 2021 by EO 14013 (Biden)
EO 13772 Core Principles for Regulating the United States Financial System
signed Feb 3, 2017 by Trump · revoked Feb 24, 2021 by EO 14018 (Biden)
EO 13838 Exemption From Executive Order 13658 for Recreational Services on Federal Lands
signed May 25, 2018 by Trump · revoked Apr 27, 2021 by EO 14026 (Biden)
EO 13974 Amending Executive Order 13959Addressing the Threat From Securities Investments That Finance Communist Chinese Military Companies
signed Jan 13, 2021 by Trump · revoked Jun 3, 2021 by EO 14032 (Biden)
EO 13897 Improving Federal Contractor Operations by Revoking Executive Order 13495
signed Oct 31, 2019 by Trump · revoked Nov 18, 2021 by EO 14055 (Biden)
EO 13906 Amending Executive Order 13803Reviving the National Space Council
signed Feb 13, 2020 by Trump · revoked Dec 1, 2021 by EO 14056 (Biden)
EO 13885 Establishing the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee
signed Aug 30, 2019 by Trump · revoked May 4, 2022 by EO 14073 (Biden)
EO 13809 Restoring State, Tribal, and Local Law Enforcement's Access to Life-Saving Equipment and Resources
signed Aug 28, 2017 by Trump · revoked May 25, 2022 by EO 14074 (Biden)
EO 13946 Targeting Opportunity Zones and Other Distressed Communities for Federal Site Locations
signed Aug 24, 2020 by Trump · revoked Feb 16, 2023 by EO 14091 (Biden)
EO 13812 Revocation of Executive Order Creating Labor- Management Forums
signed Sep 29, 2017 by Trump · revoked Mar 6, 2024 by EO 14119 (Biden)
EO 13910 Preventing Hoarding of Health and Medical Resources To Respond to the Spread of COVID-19
signed Mar 23, 2020 by Trump · revoked Apr 12, 2024 by EO 14122 (Biden)
EO 13612 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Agriculture
signed May 21, 2012 by Obama · revoked Jan 3, 2025 by EO 14134 (Biden)
EO 13615 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Office of Management and Budget
signed May 21, 2012 by Obama · revoked Jan 3, 2025 by EO 14138 (Biden)
EO 13735 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of the Treasury
signed Aug 12, 2016 by Obama · revoked Jan 3, 2025 by EO 14137 (Biden)
EO 13753 Amending the Order of Succession in the Department of Homeland Security
signed Dec 9, 2016 by Obama · revoked Jan 3, 2025 by EO 14135 (Biden)
EO 13787 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice
signed Mar 31, 2017 by Trump · revoked Jan 3, 2025 by EO 14136 (Biden)
EO 13992 Revocation of Certain Executive Orders Concerning Federal Regulation
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13993 Revision of Civil Immigration Enforcement Policies and Priorities
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14002 Economic Relief Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic
signed Jan 22, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14006 Reforming Our Incarceration System To Eliminate the Use of Privately Operated Criminal Detention Facilities
signed Jan 26, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14018 Revocation of Certain Presidential Actions
signed Feb 24, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14021 Guaranteeing an Educational Environment Free From Discrimination on the Basis of Sex, Including Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity
signed Mar 8, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14023 Establishment of the Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court of the United States
signed Apr 9, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14027 Establishment of the Climate Change Support Office
signed May 7, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14052 Implementation of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
signed Nov 15, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14069 Advancing Economy, Efficiency, and Effectiveness in Federal Contracting by Promoting Pay Equity and Transparency
signed Mar 15, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14087 Lowering Prescription Drug Costs for Americans
signed Oct 14, 2022 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14099 Moving Beyond COVID-19 Vaccination Requirements for Federal Workers
signed May 9, 2023 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14134 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Agriculture
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14135 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Homeland Security
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14136 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14137 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of the Treasury
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14138 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Office of Management and Budget
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14139 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Office of the National Cyber Director
signed Jan 3, 2025 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13166 Improving Access to Services for Persons With Limited English Proficiency
signed Aug 11, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Mar 1, 2025 by EO 14224 (Trump)
EO 13006 Locating Federal Facilities on Historic Properties in Our Nation's Central Cities
signed May 21, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Apr 15, 2025 by EO 14274 (Trump)
EO 12907 Amending Executive Order No. 12882
signed Apr 14, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Sep 30, 2001 by EO 13226 (Bush)
EO 13204 Revocation of Executive Order on Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers Under Certain Contracts
signed Feb 17, 2001 by Bush · revoked Jan 30, 2009 by EO 13495 (Obama)
EO 13931 Continuing the President's National Council for the American Worker and the American Workforce Policy Advisory Board
signed Jun 26, 2020 by Trump · revoked Apr 26, 2021 by EO 14025 (Biden)
EO 14044 Amending Executive Order 14007
signed Sep 13, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13292 Further Amendment to Executive Order 12958, as Amended, Classified National Security Information
signed Mar 25, 2003 by Bush · revoked Dec 29, 2009 by EO 13526 (Obama)
EO 13970 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 31, 2020 by Trump · revoked Dec 22, 2021 by EO 14061 (Biden)
EO 13483 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 18, 2008 by Bush · revoked Dec 23, 2009 by EO 13525 (Obama)
EO 13756 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 27, 2016 by Obama · revoked Dec 22, 2017 by EO 13819 (Trump)
EO 13182 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 23, 2000 by Clinton · revoked Dec 28, 2001 by EO 13249 (Bush)
EO 13391 Blocking Property of Additional Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Zimbabwe
signed Nov 22, 2005 by Bush · revoked Mar 4, 2024 by EO 14118 (Biden)
EO 13348 Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting the Importation of Certain Goods from Liberia
signed Jul 22, 2004 by Bush · revoked Nov 12, 2015 by EO 13710 (Obama)
EO 13396 Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in Côte d'Ivoire
signed Feb 7, 2006 by Bush · revoked Sep 14, 2016 by EO 13739 (Obama)
EO 13310 Blocking Property of the Government of Burma and Prohibiting Certain Transactions
signed Jul 28, 2003 by Bush · revoked Oct 7, 2016 by EO 13742 (Obama)
EO 13448 Blocking Property and Prohibiting Certain Transactions Related to Burma
signed Oct 18, 2007 by Bush · revoked Oct 7, 2016 by EO 13742 (Obama)
EO 13928 Blocking Property of Certain Persons Associated With the International Criminal Court
signed Jun 11, 2020 by Trump · revoked Apr 1, 2021 by EO 14022 (Biden)
EO 13712 Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Burundi
signed Nov 22, 2015 by Obama · revoked Nov 18, 2021 by EO 14054 (Biden)
EO 13338 Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting the Export of Certain Goods to Syria
signed May 11, 2004 by Bush · revoked Jun 30, 2025 by EO 14312 (Trump)
EO 13138 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 30, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Sep 28, 2001 by EO 13225 (Bush)
EO 13088 Blocking Property of the Governments of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), the Republic of Serbia, and the Republic of Montenegro, and Prohibiting New Investment in the Republic of Serbia in Response to the Situation in Kosovo
signed Jun 9, 1998 by Clinton · revoked May 28, 2003 by EO 13304 (Bush)
EO 13422 Further Amendment to Executive Order 12866 on Regulatory Planning and Review
signed Jan 18, 2007 by Bush · revoked Jan 30, 2009 by EO 13497 (Obama)
EO 13464 Blocking Property and Prohibiting Certain Transactions Related to Burma
signed Apr 30, 2008 by Bush · revoked Oct 7, 2016 by EO 13742 (Obama)
EO 13889 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 27, 2019 by Trump · revoked May 28, 2021 by EO 14031 (Biden)
EO 13469 Blocking Property of Additional Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Zimbabwe
signed Jul 25, 2008 by Bush · revoked Mar 4, 2024 by EO 14118 (Biden)
EO 13098 Blocking Property of UNITA and ProhibitingCertain Transactions With Respect to UNITA
signed Aug 18, 1998 by Clinton · revoked May 6, 2003 by EO 13298 (Bush)
EO 12934 Blocking Property and Additional Measures With Respect to the Bosnian Serb-Controlled Areas of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
signed Oct 25, 1994 by Clinton · revoked May 28, 2003 by EO 13304 (Bush)
EO 13121 Blocking Property of the Governments of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), the Republic of Serbia, and the Republic of Montenegro, and Prohibiting Trade Transactions Involving the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) in Response to the Situation in Kosovo
signed Apr 30, 1999 by Clinton · revoked May 28, 2003 by EO 13304 (Bush)
EO 13028 Further Amendments to Executive Order No. 12757 Implementation of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative
signed Dec 3, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Jul 8, 2004 by EO 13345 (Bush)
EO 13131 Further Amendments to Executive Order 12757, Implementation of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative
signed Jul 22, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Jul 8, 2004 by EO 13345 (Bush)
EO 13208 Amendment to Executive Order 13202, Preservation of Open Competition and Government Neutrality Towards Government Contractors' Labor Relations on Federal and Federally Funded Construction Projects
signed Apr 6, 2001 by Bush · revoked Feb 6, 2009 by EO 13502 (Obama)
EO 13738 Amendment to Executive Order 13673
signed Aug 23, 2016 by Obama · revoked Mar 28, 2017 by EO 13783 (Trump)
EO 14022 Termination of Emergency With Respect to the International Criminal Court
signed Apr 1, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 14029 Revocation of Certain Presidential Actions and Technical Amendment
signed May 14, 2021 by Biden · revoked Jan 20, 2025 by EO 14148 (Trump)
EO 13672 Further Amendments to Executive Order 11478, Equal Employment Opportunity in the Federal Government, and Executive Order 11246, Equal Employment Opportunity
signed Jul 21, 2014 by Obama · revoked Jan 21, 2025 by EO 14173 (Trump)
EO 12998 Amendment to Executive Order No. 11880
signed Apr 5, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Dec 18, 2001 by EO 13242 (Bush)
EO 13514 Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance
signed Oct 5, 2009 by Obama · revoked Mar 25, 2015 by EO 13693 (Obama)
EO 12902 Energy Efficiency and Water Conservation at Federal Facilities
signed Mar 8, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Jun 3, 1999 by EO 13123 (Clinton)
EO 13645 Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Freedom and Counter- Proliferation Act of 2012 and Additional Sanctions With Respect To Iran
signed Jun 3, 2013 by Obama · revoked Jan 16, 2016 by EO 13716 (Obama)
EO 13622 Authorizing Additional Sanctions With Respect to Iran
signed Jul 30, 2012 by Obama · revoked Jan 16, 2016 by EO 13716 (Obama)
EO 13355 Strengthened Management of the Intelligence Community
signed Aug 27, 2004 by Bush · revoked Jul 30, 2008 by EO 13470 (Bush)
EO 13083 Federalism
signed May 14, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Aug 4, 1999 by EO 13132 (Clinton)
EO 12969 Federal Acquisition and Community Right-To-Know
signed Aug 8, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Apr 21, 2000 by EO 13148 (Clinton)
EO 13356 Strengthening the Sharing of Terrorism Information To Protect Americans
signed Aug 27, 2004 by Bush · revoked Oct 25, 2005 by EO 13388 (Bush)
EO 13354 National Counterterrorism Center
signed Aug 27, 2004 by Bush · revoked Jul 30, 2008 by EO 13470 (Bush)
EO 13590 Authorizing the Imposition of Certain Sanctions With Respect to the Provision of Goods, Services, Technology, or Support for Iran's Energy and Petrochemical Sectors
signed Nov 20, 2011 by Obama · revoked Jan 16, 2016 by EO 13716 (Obama)
EO 13602 Establishing a White House Council on Strong Cities, Strong Communities
signed Mar 15, 2012 by Obama · revoked Nov 16, 2016 by EO 13748 (Obama)
EO 13934 Building and Rebuilding Monuments to American Heroes
signed Jul 3, 2020 by Trump · revoked Jan 18, 2021 by EO 13978 (Trump)
EO 14042 Ensuring Adequate COVID Safety Protocols for Federal Contractors
signed Sep 9, 2021 by Biden · revoked May 9, 2023 by EO 14099 (Biden)
EO 13991 Protecting the Federal Workforce and Requiring Mask-Wearing
signed Jan 20, 2021 by Biden · revoked Apr 12, 2024 by EO 14122 (Biden)
EO 13998 Promoting COVID-19 Safety in Domestic and International Travel
signed Jan 21, 2021 by Biden · revoked Apr 12, 2024 by EO 14122 (Biden)
EO 12891 Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
signed Jan 15, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13031 Federal Alternative Fueled Vehicle Leadership
signed Dec 13, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Apr 21, 2000 by EO 13149 (Clinton)
EO 13084 Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
signed May 14, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Nov 6, 2000 by EO 13175 (Clinton)
EO 13227 President's Commission on Excellence in Special Education
signed Oct 2, 2001 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13328 Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction
signed Feb 6, 2004 by Bush · revoked Sep 29, 2005 by EO 13385 (Bush)
EO 13381 Strengthening Processes Relating to Determining Eligibility for Access to Classified National Security Information
signed Jun 27, 2005 by Bush · revoked Jun 30, 2008 by EO 13467 (Bush)
EO 13507 Establishment of the White House Office of Health Reform
signed Apr 8, 2009 by Obama · revoked Apr 5, 2011 by EO 13569 (Obama)
EO 13509 Establishing a White House Council on Automotive Communities and Workers
signed Jun 23, 2009 by Obama · revoked Jul 6, 2011 by EO 13578 (Obama)
EO 13574 Authorizing the Implementation of Certain Sanctions Set Forth in the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as Amended
signed May 23, 2011 by Obama · revoked Jan 16, 2016 by EO 13716 (Obama)
EO 13584 Developing an Integrated Strategic Counterterrorism Communications Initiative and Establishing a Temporary Organization to Support Certain Government-wide Communications Activities Directed Abroad
signed Sep 9, 2011 by Obama · revoked Mar 14, 2016 by EO 13721 (Obama)
EO 13805 Establishing a Presidential Advisory Council on Infrastructure
signed Jul 19, 2017 by Trump · revoked Sep 29, 2017 by EO 13811 (Trump)
EO 14237 Addressing Risks From Paul Weiss
signed Mar 14, 2025 by Trump · revoked Mar 21, 2025 by EO 14244 (Trump)
EO 13824 President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition
signed Feb 26, 2018 by Trump · revoked Jul 31, 2025 by EO 14327 (Trump)
EO 12923 Continuation of Export Control Regulations
signed Jun 30, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Aug 19, 1994 by EO 12924 (Clinton)
EO 12914 Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to Haiti
signed May 7, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Oct 14, 1994 by EO 12932 (Clinton)
EO 12917 Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to Haiti
signed May 21, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Oct 14, 1994 by EO 12932 (Clinton)
EO 12920 Prohibiting Certain Transactions With Respect to Haiti
signed Jun 10, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Oct 14, 1994 by EO 12932 (Clinton)
EO 12946 President's Advisory Board on Arms Proliferation Policy
signed Jan 20, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12964 Commission on United States-Pacific Trade and Investment Policy
signed Jun 21, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13017 Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the Health Care Industry
signed Sep 5, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 30, 1999 by EO 13138 (Clinton)
EO 13037 Commission To Study Capital Budgeting
signed Mar 3, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Sep 30, 1999 by EO 13138 (Clinton)
EO 13038 Advisory Committee on Public Interest Obligations of Digital Television Broadcasters
signed Mar 11, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Sep 30, 1999 by EO 13138 (Clinton)
EO 13260 Establishing the President's Homeland Security Advisory Council and Senior Advisory Committees for Homeland
signed Mar 19, 2002 by Bush · revoked Feb 28, 2003 by EO 13286 (Bush)
EO 13210 President's Commission To Strengthen Social Security
signed May 2, 2001 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13214 President's Task Force To Improve Health Care Delivery for Our Nation's Veterans
signed May 28, 2001 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13263 President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health
signed Apr 29, 2002 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13278 President's Commission on the United States Postal Service
signed Dec 11, 2002 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13213 Additional Measures With Respect To Prohibiting the Importation of Rough Diamonds From Sierra Leone
signed May 22, 2001 by Bush · revoked Jan 15, 2004 by EO 13324 (Bush)
EO 13283 Establishing the Office of Global Communications
signed Jan 21, 2003 by Bush · revoked Sep 29, 2005 by EO 13385 (Bush)
EO 13326 President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy
signed Jan 27, 2004 by Bush · revoked Sep 29, 2005 by EO 13385 (Bush)
EO 13369 President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform
signed Jan 7, 2005 by Bush · revoked Sep 28, 2007 by EO 13446 (Bush)
EO 13501 Establishment of the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board
signed Feb 6, 2009 by Obama · revoked Jan 31, 2011 by EO 13564 (Obama)
EO 13560 White House Council for Community Solutions
signed Dec 14, 2010 by Obama · revoked Nov 16, 2016 by EO 13748 (Obama)
EO 13737 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Environmental Protection Agency
signed Aug 12, 2016 by Obama · revoked Jan 13, 2017 by EO 13763 (Obama)
EO 13775 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice
signed Feb 9, 2017 by Trump · revoked Mar 31, 2017 by EO 13787 (Trump)
EO 14043 Requiring Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination for Federal Employees
signed Sep 9, 2021 by Biden · revoked May 9, 2023 by EO 14099 (Biden)
EO 12930 Measures To Restrict the Participation by United States Persons in Weapons Proliferation Activities
signed Sep 29, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Nov 14, 1994 by EO 12938 (Clinton)
EO 12903 Nuclear Cooperation With EURATOM
signed Mar 9, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Mar 9, 1995 by EO 12955 (Clinton)
EO 13015 White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security
signed Aug 22, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13095 Suspension of Executive Order 13083
signed Aug 5, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Aug 4, 1999 by EO 13132 (Clinton)
EO 13362 Designation of Additional Officers for the Department of Homeland Security Order of Succession
signed Nov 29, 2004 by Bush · revoked Aug 13, 2007 by EO 13442 (Bush)
EO 13250 Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Health and Human Services
signed Dec 28, 2001 by Bush · revoked Feb 15, 2008 by EO 13461 (Bush)
EO 14061 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 22, 2021 by Biden · revoked Dec 23, 2022 by EO 14090 (Biden)
EO 14090 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 23, 2022 by Biden · revoked Dec 21, 2023 by EO 14113 (Biden)
EO 13454 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Jan 4, 2008 by Bush · revoked Dec 18, 2008 by EO 13483 (Bush)
EO 13635 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 27, 2012 by Obama · revoked Apr 5, 2013 by EO 13641 (Obama)
EO 13641 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Apr 5, 2013 by Obama · revoked Dec 23, 2013 by EO 13655 (Obama)
EO 13686 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 19, 2014 by Obama · revoked Dec 18, 2015 by EO 13715 (Obama)
EO 13715 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 18, 2015 by Obama · revoked Dec 27, 2016 by EO 13756 (Obama)
EO 13144 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 21, 1999 by Clinton · revoked Dec 23, 2000 by EO 13182 (Clinton)
EO 12944 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Allowances
signed Dec 28, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Dec 28, 1995 by EO 12984 (Clinton)
EO 12984 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Allowances
signed Dec 28, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Dec 27, 1996 by EO 13033 (Clinton)
EO 13071 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 29, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Dec 7, 1998 by EO 13106 (Clinton)
EO 13106 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay and Delegation of a Federal Pay Administration Authority
signed Dec 7, 1998 by Clinton · revoked Dec 21, 1999 by EO 13144 (Clinton)
EO 13282 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 31, 2002 by Bush · revoked Dec 30, 2003 by EO 13322 (Bush)
EO 13322 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 30, 2003 by Bush · revoked Mar 3, 2004 by EO 13332 (Bush)
EO 13332 Further Adjustment of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Mar 3, 2004 by Bush · revoked Dec 30, 2004 by EO 13368 (Bush)
EO 13368 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 30, 2004 by Bush · revoked Dec 22, 2005 by EO 13393 (Bush)
EO 13420 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 21, 2006 by Bush · revoked Jan 4, 2008 by EO 13454 (Bush)
EO 12990 Adjustments of Rates of Pay and Allowances for the Uniformed Services, Amendment to Executive Order No. 12984
signed Feb 29, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Dec 27, 1996 by EO 13033 (Clinton)
EO 14048 Continuance or Reestablishment of Certain Federal Advisory Committees and Amendments to Other Executive Orders
signed Sep 30, 2021 by Biden · revoked Sep 29, 2023 by EO 14109 (Biden)
EO 14256 Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports
signed Apr 2, 2025 by Trump · revoked Jul 30, 2025 by EO 14324 (Trump)
EO 13617 Blocking Property of the Government of the Russian Federation Relating to the Disposition of Highly Enriched Uranium Extracted From Nuclear Weapons
signed Jun 25, 2012 by Obama · revoked May 26, 2015 by EO 13695 (Obama)
EO 13619 Blocking Property of Persons Threatening the Peace, Security, or Stability of Burma
signed Jul 11, 2012 by Obama · revoked Oct 7, 2016 by EO 13742 (Obama)
EO 12922 Blocking Property of Certain Haitian Nationals
signed Jun 21, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Oct 14, 1994 by EO 12932 (Clinton)
EO 12974 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 29, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13062 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees and Amendments to Executive Orders 13038 and 13054
signed Sep 29, 1997 by Clinton · revoked Sep 30, 1999 by EO 13138 (Clinton)
EO 13225 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 28, 2001 by Bush · revoked Sep 17, 2003 by EO 13316 (Bush)
EO 13325 Amendment to Executive Order 12293, the Foreign Service of the United States
signed Jan 23, 2004 by Bush · revoked Mar 14, 2005 by EO 13374 (Bush)
EO 13511 Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
signed Sep 29, 2009 by Obama · revoked Sep 30, 2011 by EO 13585 (Obama)
EO 12921 Amendment to Executive Order No. 12864
signed Jun 13, 1994 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12970 Further Amendment to Executive Order No. 12864
signed Sep 14, 1995 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 12987 Amendment to Executive Order No. 12964
signed Jan 31, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
EO 13032 Further Amendment to Executive Order No. 12964
signed Dec 26, 1996 by Clinton · revoked Sep 29, 1997 by EO 13062 (Clinton)
40 agency rules nullified under the Congressional Review Act
Joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, relating to ergonomics
Pub. L. 107-5 · Mar 20, 2001
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Defense, the General Services Administration, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration relating to the Federal Acquisition Regulation.
Pub. L. 115-11 · Mar 27, 2017
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of the Interior relating to Bureau of Land Management regulations that establish the procedures used to prepare, revise, or amend land use plans pursuant to the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976.
Pub. L. 115-12 · Mar 27, 2017
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to accountability and State plans under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
Pub. L. 115-13 · Mar 27, 2017
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to teacher preparation issues.
Pub. L. 115-14 · Mar 27, 2017
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to drug testing of unemployment compensation applicants.
Pub. L. 115-17 · Mar 31, 2017
Show 34 more
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the final rule of the Department of the Interior relating to "Non-Subsistence Take of Wildlife, and Public Participation and Closure Procedures, on National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska".
Pub. L. 115-20 · Apr 3, 2017
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Clarification of Employer's Continuing Obligation to Make and Maintain an Accurate Record of Each Recordable Injury and Illness".
Pub. L. 115-21 · Apr 3, 2017
A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Communications Commission relating to "Protecting the Privacy of Customers of Broadband and Other Telecommunications Services".
Pub. L. 115-22 · Apr 3, 2017
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the final rule submitted by Secretary of Health and Human Services relating to compliance with title X requirements by project requirements by project recipients in selecting subrecipients.
Pub. L. 115-23 · Apr 13, 2017
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to savings arrangements established by qualified State political subdivisions for non-governmental employees.
Pub. L. 115-24 · Apr 13, 2017
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to savings arrangements established by States for non-governmental employees.
Pub. L. 115-35 · May 17, 2017
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Arbitration Agreements".
Pub. L. 115-74 · Nov 1, 2017
A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Indirect Auto Lending and Compliance with the Equal Credit Opportunity Act".
Pub. L. 115-172 · May 21, 2018
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission relating to "Update of Commission's Conciliation Procedures".
Pub. L. 117-22 · Jun 30, 2021
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Oil and Natural Gas Sector: Emission Standards for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources Review".
Pub. L. 117-23 · Jun 30, 2021
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of the Comptroller of Currency relating to "National Banks and Federal Savings Associations as Lenders".
Pub. L. 117-24 · Jun 30, 2021
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions".
Pub. L. 119-2 · Mar 14, 2025
A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management relating to "Protection of Marine Archaeological Resources".
Pub. L. 119-3 · Mar 14, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales".
Pub. L. 119-5 · Apr 10, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Gas-fired Instantaneous Water Heaters".
Pub. L. 119-6 · May 9, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers".
Pub. L. 119-7 · May 9, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment".
Pub. L. 119-8 · May 9, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers".
Pub. L. 119-9 · May 9, 2025
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions".
Pub. L. 119-10 · May 9, 2025
Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications".
Pub. L. 119-11 · May 9, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the National Park Service relating to "Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Motor Vehicles".
Pub. L. 119-13 · May 23, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to “National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Rubber Tire Manufacturing”.
Pub. L. 119-14 · May 23, 2025
Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".
Pub. L. 119-15 · Jun 12, 2025
Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to 2 "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".
Pub. L. 119-16 · Jun 12, 2025
Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".
Pub. L. 119-17 · Jun 12, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of the Department of the Treasury relating to the review of applications under the Bank Merger Act.
Pub. L. 119-19 · Jun 20, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act".
Pub. L. 119-20 · Jun 20, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to “National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision”.
Pub. L. 119-47 · Dec 5, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment".
Pub. L. 119-48 · Dec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".
Pub. L. 119-49 · Dec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".
Pub. L. 119-50 · Dec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment".
Pub. L. 119-51 · Dec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision".
Pub. L. 119-52 · Dec 11, 2025
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN.
Pub. L. 119-85 · Apr 27, 2026
166 decisions that overruled precedent
Wesberry v. Sanders
Feb 17, 1964 · 6-3 · Civil Rights
Schneider v. Rusk
May 18, 1964 · 5-3 · Civil Rights
Malloy v. Hogan
Jun 15, 1964 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Murphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor
Jun 15, 1964 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Jackson v. Denno
Jun 22, 1964 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Escobedo v. Illinois
Jun 22, 1964 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
McLaughlin v. Florida
Dec 7, 1964 · 9-0 · Civil Rights
Pointer v. Texas
Apr 5, 1965 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Show 158 more
United States v. Brown
Jun 7, 1965 · 5-4 · First Amendment
Swift & Co., Inc. v. Wickham
Nov 22, 1965 · 6-3 · Judicial Power
Harris v. United States
Dec 6, 1965 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
Mar 24, 1966 · 6-3 · Civil Rights
Miranda v. Arizona
Jun 13, 1966 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Spevack v. Klein
Jan 16, 1967 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Keyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York
Jan 23, 1967 · 5-4 · First Amendment
Afroyim v. Rusk
May 29, 1967 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Warden v. Hayden
May 29, 1967 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Camara v. Municipal Court of the City and County of San Francisco
Jun 5, 1967 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Berger v. New York
Jun 12, 1967 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Katz v. United States
Dec 18, 1967 · 7-1 · Criminal Procedure
Marchetti v. United States
Jan 29, 1968 · 7-1 · Criminal Procedure
Peyton v. Rowe
May 20, 1968 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Bruton v. United States
May 20, 1968 · 6-2 · Criminal Procedure
Duncan v. Louisiana
May 20, 1968 · 7-2 · Criminal Procedure
Carafas v. Lavallee
May 20, 1968 · 8-0 · Criminal Procedure
Lee v. Florida
Jun 17, 1968 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
Jun 17, 1968 · 7-2 · Civil Rights
Moore v. Ogilvie
May 5, 1969 · 7-2 · Civil Rights
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Jun 9, 1969 · 8-0 · First Amendment
Lear, Inc. v. Adkins
Jun 16, 1969 · 5-3 · Economic Activity
Chimel v. California
Jun 23, 1969 · 6-2 · Criminal Procedure
Benton v. Maryland
Jun 23, 1969 · 6-2 · Criminal Procedure
Ashe v. Swenson
Apr 6, 1970 · 7-1 · Criminal Procedure
Boys Markets, Inc. v. Retail Clerks Union
Jun 1, 1970 · 5-2 · Unions
Price v. Georgia
Jun 15, 1970 · 8-0 · Criminal Procedure
Moragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc.
Jun 15, 1970 · 8-0 · Economic Activity
Williams v. Florida
Jun 22, 1970 · 6-2 · Criminal Procedure
Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc. v. University of Illinois Foundation
May 3, 1971 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Perez v. Campbell
Jun 1, 1971 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Griffin v. Breckenridge
Jun 7, 1971 · 9-0 · Civil Rights
Dunn v. Blumstein
Mar 21, 1972 · 6-1 · Civil Rights
Illinois v. City of Milwaukee
Apr 24, 1972 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Andrews v. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co.
May 15, 1972 · 7-1 · Economic Activity
Lehnhausen v. Lake Shore Auto Parts Co.
Feb 22, 1973 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Braden v. 30th Judicial Circuit Court of Kentucky
Feb 28, 1973 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Miller v. California
Jun 21, 1973 · 5-4 · First Amendment
North Dakota State Board of Pharmacy v. Snyder's Drug Stores, Inc.
Dec 5, 1973 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Edelman v. Jordan
Mar 25, 1974 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Mitchell v. W. T. Grant Co.
May 13, 1974 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Taylor v. Louisiana
Jan 21, 1975 · 8-1 · Civil Rights
United States v. Reliable Transfer Co., Inc.
May 19, 1975 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Michelin Tire Corp. v. Wages
Jan 14, 1976 · 8-0 · Economic Activity
Hudgens v. National Labor Relations Board
Mar 3, 1976 · 6-2 · First Amendment
Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc.
May 24, 1976 · 7-1 · First Amendment
National League of Cities v. Usery
Jun 24, 1976 · 5-4 · Unions
Lodge 76 v. Wisconsin Employment Relations Commission
Jun 25, 1976 · 6-3 · Federalism
City of New Orleans v. Dukes
Jun 25, 1976 · 8-0 · Economic Activity
Gregg v. Georgia
Jul 2, 1976 · 7-2 · Criminal Procedure
Craig v. Boren
Dec 20, 1976 · 7-2 · Civil Rights
Oregon ex rel. State Land Board v. Corvallis Sand & Gravel Co.
Jan 12, 1977 · 6-3 · Federalism
Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady
Mar 7, 1977 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Continental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania Inc.
Jun 23, 1977 · 6-2 · Economic Activity
Wainwright v. Sykes
Jun 23, 1977 · 7-2 · Criminal Procedure
Shaffer v. Heitner
Jun 24, 1977 · 7-1 · Due Process
Department of Revenue of Washington v. Association of Washington Stevedoring Companies
Apr 26, 1978 · 8-0 · Economic Activity
Monell v. Department of Social Services of the City of New York
Jun 6, 1978 · 7-2 · Civil Rights
Burks v. United States
Jun 14, 1978 · 8-0 · Criminal Procedure
United States v. Scott
Jun 14, 1978 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Duren v. Missouri
Jan 9, 1979 · 8-1 · Civil Rights
Hughes v. Oklahoma
Apr 24, 1979 · 7-2 · Federalism
Trammel v. United States
Feb 27, 1980 · 9-0 · Judicial Power
United States v. Salvucci
Jun 25, 1980 · 7-2 · Criminal Procedure
Thomas v. Washington Gas Light Co.
Jun 27, 1980 · 7-2 · Economic Activity
Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana
Jul 2, 1981 · 6-3 · Economic Activity
United States v. Ross
Jun 1, 1982 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Sporhase v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas
Jul 2, 1982 · 7-2 · Federalism
Bob Jones University v. United States
May 24, 1983 · 8-1 · Civil Rights
Illinois v. Gates
Jun 8, 1983 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Michigan v. Long
Jul 6, 1983 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman
Jan 23, 1984 · 5-4 · Federalism
United States v. One Assortment of 89 Firearms
Feb 22, 1984 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Limbach v. Hooven & Allison Co.
Apr 18, 1984 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp.
Jun 19, 1984 · 5-3 · Economic Activity
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
Feb 19, 1985 · 5-4 · Unions
United States v. Miller
Apr 1, 1985 · 8-0 · Criminal Procedure
Daniels v. Williams
Jan 21, 1986 · 9-0 · Civil Rights
United States v. Lane
Jan 27, 1986 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Batson v. Kentucky
Apr 30, 1986 · 7-2 · Civil Rights
Puerto Rico v. Branstad
Jun 23, 1987 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Tyler Pipe Industries, Inc. v. Washington State Department of Revenue
Jun 23, 1987 · 6-2 · Economic Activity
Solorio v. United States
Jun 25, 1987 · 6-3 · Civil Rights
Welch v. Texas Department of Highways and Public Transportation
Jun 25, 1987 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation v. Mayacamas Corporation
Mar 22, 1988 · 8-0 · Judicial Power
South Carolina v. Baker
Apr 20, 1988 · 7-1 · Federalism
Thornburgh v. Abbott
May 15, 1989 · 6-3 · First Amendment
Rodriguez de Quijas v. Shearson/American Express, Inc.
May 15, 1989 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Alabama v. Smith
Jun 12, 1989 · 8-1 · Criminal Procedure
Healy v. The Beer Institute
Jun 19, 1989 · 6-3 · Economic Activity
W. S. Kirkpatrick & Co., Inc. v. Environmental Tectonics Corp.
Jan 17, 1990 · 9-0 · Judicial Power
Collins v. Youngblood
Jun 21, 1990 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Arizona v. Fulminante
Mar 26, 1991 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
California v. Acevedo
May 30, 1991 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Exxon Corporation v. Central Gulf Lines, Inc.
Jun 3, 1991 · 9-0 · Judicial Power
Coleman v. Thompson
Jun 24, 1991 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Pervis Tyrone Payne v. Tennessee
Jun 27, 1991 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
J. C. Keeney v. Tamayo-Reyes
May 4, 1992 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Quill Corporation v. North Dakota by and Through Its Tax Commissioner
May 26, 1992 · 8-1 · Economic Activity
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
Jun 29, 1992 · 5-4 · Privacy
United States v. Dixon
Jun 28, 1993 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Nichols v. United States
Jun 6, 1994 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Director v. Greenwich Collieries
Jun 20, 1994 · 6-3 · Economic Activity
Hubbard v. United States
May 15, 1995 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Federico Pena
Jun 12, 1995 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
United States v. Gaudin
Jun 19, 1995 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Fulton Corporation v. Janice H. Faulkner
Feb 21, 1996 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida
Mar 27, 1996 · 5-4 · Federalism
Inc. v. Rhode Island and Rhode Island Liquor Stores Association
May 13, 1996 · 9-0 · First Amendment
Lewis v. Fletcher Casey, Jr.
Jun 24, 1996 · 8-1 · Due Process
Rachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton
Jun 23, 1997 · 5-4 · First Amendment
State Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc.
Nov 4, 1997 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Hudson v. United States
Dec 10, 1997 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Arnold F. Hohn v. United States
Jun 15, 1998 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Minnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians
Mar 24, 1999 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board
Jun 23, 1999 · 5-4 · Federalism
Guy Mitchell v. Helms
Jun 28, 2000 · 6-3 · First Amendment
United States v. Hatter
May 21, 2001 · 5-2 · Federal Taxation
Lapides v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia
May 13, 2002 · 9-0 · Federalism
United States v. Cotton
May 20, 2002 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Daryl Renard Atkins v. Virginia
Jun 20, 2002 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Ring v. Arizona
Jun 24, 2002 · 7-2 · Criminal Procedure
Lawrence v. Texas
Jun 26, 2003 · 6-3 · Privacy
Crawford v. Washington
Mar 8, 2004 · 9-0 · Criminal Procedure
Roper v. Simmons
Mar 1, 2005 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Central Virginia Community College v. Katz
Jan 23, 2006 · 5-4 · Federalism
Illinois Tool Works Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc.
Mar 1, 2006 · 8-0 · Economic Activity
Alberto R. Gonzales v. Leroy Carhart
Apr 18, 2007 · 5-4 · Privacy
Bell Atlantic Corporation v. Twombly
May 21, 2007 · 7-2 · Economic Activity
Bowles v. Russell
Jun 14, 2007 · 5-4 · Judicial Power
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1
Jun 28, 2007 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc.
Jun 28, 2007 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Cordell Pearson v. Afton Callahan
Jan 21, 2009 · 9-0 · Civil Rights
Montejo v. Louisiana
May 26, 2009 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
Jan 21, 2010 · 5-4 · First Amendment
Otis McDonald v. City of Chicago
Jun 28, 2010 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Bond v. United States
Jun 16, 2011 · 9-0 · Judicial Power
Alleyne v. United States
Jun 17, 2013 · 5-4 · Criminal Procedure
Johnson v. United States
Jun 26, 2015 · 8-1 · Due Process
Obergefell v. Hodges
Jun 26, 2015 · 5-4 · Due Process
Hurst v. Florida
Jan 12, 2016 · 8-1 · Criminal Procedure
South Dakota v. Wayfair
Jun 21, 2018 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Trump v. Hawaii
Jun 26, 2018 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Janus v. American Federation of State
Jun 27, 2018 · 5-4 · Unions
Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
May 13, 2019 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Herrera v. Wyoming
May 20, 2019 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Knick v. Township of Scott
Jun 21, 2019 · 5-4 · Due Process
Rucho v. Common Cause
Jun 27, 2019 · 5-4 · Civil Rights
Ramos v. Louisiana
Apr 20, 2020 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Edwards v. Vannoy
May 17, 2021 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Shinn v. Ramirez
May 23, 2022 · 6-3 · Criminal Procedure
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
Jun 24, 2022 · 6-3 · Privacy
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District
Jun 27, 2022 · 6-3 · First Amendment
Students for Fair Admissions Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College
Jun 29, 2023 · 6-2 · Civil Rights
Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo
Jun 28, 2024 · 6-2 · Economic Activity
Cisco Systems v. Doe
Jun 23, 2026 · 6-3 · Judicial Power
Trump v. Slaughter
Jun 29, 2026 · 6-3 · Miscellaneous
National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission
Jun 30, 2026 · 6-3 · First Amendment
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted), and those records begin in 1994. Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
456 events
Clean Air Act · 1963-12-17Laotian Civil War · 1963-12-31Abolition of poll taxes in federal elections · 1964-01-23Wesberry v. Sanders · 1964-02-17New York Times Co. v. Sullivan · 1964-03-09Schneider v. Rusk · 1964-05-18Reynolds v. Sims · 1964-06-15Malloy v. Hogan · 1964-06-15Murphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor · 1964-06-15Jackson v. Denno · 1964-06-22Escobedo v. Illinois · 1964-06-22Aptheker v. Secretary of State · 1964-06-22Civil Rights Act of 1964 · 1964-07-02Gulf of Tonkin Resolution · 1964-08-10McLaughlin v. Florida · 1964-12-07Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States · 1964-12-14Vietnam: South Vietnam vs. the Viet Cong · 1965-01-01Lyndon Baines Johnson takes office · 1965-01-20Pointer v. Texas · 1965-04-05Elementary and Secondary Education Act · 1965-04-11Lamont v. Postmaster General · 1965-05-24United States v. Brown · 1965-06-07Griswold v. Connecticut · 1965-06-07Social Security Amendments of 1965 · 1965-07-30Voting Rights Act of 1965 · 1965-08-06Abe Fortas — Associate Justice · 1965-08-11United States Department of Housing and Urban Development · 1965-09-09Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 · 1965-10-03Higher Education Act of 1965 · 1965-11-08Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board · 1965-11-15Swift & Co., Inc. v. Wickham · 1965-11-22United States v. Romano · 1965-11-22Harris v. United States · 1965-12-06Vietnam War · 1965-12-31South Carolina v. Katzenbach · 1966-03-07Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections · 1966-03-24Miranda v. Arizona · 1966-06-13Freedom of Information Act · 1966-07-04United States Department of Transportation · 1966-10-15Spevack v. Klein · 1967-01-16Keyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York · 1967-01-23Presidential succession and disability · 1967-02-10Afroyim v. Rusk · 1967-05-29Warden v. Hayden · 1967-05-29Camara v. Municipal Court of the City and County of San Francisco · 1967-06-05Loving v. Virginia · 1967-06-12Berger v. New York · 1967-06-12Thurgood Marshall — Associate Justice · 1967-08-30United States v. Robel · 1967-12-11Katz v. United States · 1967-12-18Marchetti v. United States · 1968-01-29Grosso v. United States · 1968-01-29Haynes v. United States · 1968-01-29United States v. Jackson · 1968-04-08Civil Rights Act of 1968 · 1968-04-11Peyton v. Rowe · 1968-05-20Bruton v. United States · 1968-05-20Duncan v. Louisiana · 1968-05-20Carafas v. Lavallee · 1968-05-20Terry v. Ohio · 1968-06-10Lee v. Florida · 1968-06-17Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. · 1968-06-17Richard Milhous Nixon takes office · 1969-01-20Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · 1969-02-24Moore v. Ogilvie · 1969-05-05Leary v. United States · 1969-05-19O'Callahan v. Parker · 1969-06-02Brandenburg v. Ohio · 1969-06-09Lear, Inc. v. Adkins · 1969-06-16Warren Earl Burger — Chief Justice · 1969-06-23Chimel v. California · 1969-06-23Benton v. Maryland · 1969-06-23Cambodian Civil War · 1970-01-01National Environmental Policy Act · 1970-01-01Turner v. United States · 1970-01-20Ashe v. Swenson · 1970-04-06Harry Andrew Blackmun — Associate Justice · 1970-05-14Schacht v. United States · 1970-05-25Boys Markets, Inc. v. Retail Clerks Union · 1970-06-01Price v. Georgia · 1970-06-15Moragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc. · 1970-06-15Williams v. Florida · 1970-06-22Oregon v. Mitchell · 1970-12-21Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) · 1970-12-29Gulf of Tonkin Resolution repealed · 1971-01-12Blount v. Rizzi · 1971-01-14United States v. United States Coin & Currency · 1971-04-05Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education · 1971-04-20Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc. v. University of Illinois Foundation · 1971-05-03Perez v. Campbell · 1971-06-01Griffin v. Breckenridge · 1971-06-07Lemon v. Kurtzman · 1971-06-28Tilton v. Richardson · 1971-06-28New York Times Co. v. United States · 1971-06-30United States Post Office Department · 1971-07-01Voting age lowered to 18 · 1971-07-01Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. — Associate Justice · 1971-12-09William Hubbs Rehnquist — Associate Justice · 1971-12-15Dunn v. Blumstein · 1972-03-21Illinois v. City of Milwaukee · 1972-04-24Andrews v. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. · 1972-05-15Furman v. Georgia · 1972-06-29Clean Water Act · 1972-10-18Richard Milhous Nixon takes office · 1973-01-20Roe v. Wade · 1973-01-22Lehnhausen v. Lake Shore Auto Parts Co. · 1973-02-22Braden v. 30th Judicial Circuit Court of Kentucky · 1973-02-28Vietnam War · 1973-03-30Frontiero v. Richardson · 1973-05-14Miller v. California · 1973-06-21United States Department of Agriculture v. Murry · 1973-06-25United States Department of Agriculture v. Moreno · 1973-06-25Laotian Civil War · 1973-09-15War Powers Resolution · 1973-11-07War Powers Resolution · 1973-11-07North Dakota State Board of Pharmacy v. Snyder's Drug Stores, Inc. · 1973-12-05Endangered Species Act of 1973 · 1973-12-28Cambodian Civil War · 1974-01-01Edelman v. Jordan · 1974-03-25Mitchell v. W. T. Grant Co. · 1974-05-13Jimenez v. Weinberger · 1974-06-19United States v. Nixon · 1974-07-24Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. takes office · 1974-08-09Taylor v. Louisiana · 1975-01-21Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld · 1975-03-19United States v. Reliable Transfer Co., Inc. · 1975-05-19John Paul Stevens — Associate Justice · 1975-12-17Michelin Tire Corp. v. Wages · 1976-01-14Buckley v. Valeo · 1976-01-30Hudgens v. National Labor Relations Board · 1976-03-03Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc. · 1976-05-24Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong · 1976-06-01National League of Cities v. Usery · 1976-06-24Lodge 76 v. Wisconsin Employment Relations Commission · 1976-06-25City of New Orleans v. Dukes · 1976-06-25Gregg v. Georgia · 1976-07-02Craig v. Boren · 1976-12-20Oregon ex rel. State Land Board v. Corvallis Sand & Gravel Co. · 1977-01-12James Earl Carter takes office · 1977-01-20Califano v. Goldfarb · 1977-03-02Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady · 1977-03-07Continental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania Inc. · 1977-06-23Wainwright v. Sykes · 1977-06-23Shaffer v. Heitner · 1977-06-24United States Department of Energy · 1977-08-04Department of Revenue of Washington v. Association of Washington Stevedoring Companies · 1978-04-26Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc. · 1978-05-23Monell v. Department of Social Services of the City of New York · 1978-06-06Burks v. United States · 1978-06-14United States v. Scott · 1978-06-14Regents of the University of California v. Bakke · 1978-06-26Duren v. Missouri · 1979-01-09Hughes v. Oklahoma · 1979-04-24Califano v. Westcott · 1979-06-25United States Department of Education · 1979-10-17Trammel v. United States · 1980-02-27United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare · 1980-05-04United States Department of Health and Human Services · 1980-05-04United States v. Salvucci · 1980-06-25Thomas v. Washington Gas Light Co. · 1980-06-27United States v. Will · 1980-12-15Ronald Wilson Reagan takes office · 1981-01-20Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana · 1981-07-02Sandra Day O'Connor — Associate Justice · 1981-09-22Railway Labor Executives' Assn. v. Gibbons · 1982-03-02United States v. Ross · 1982-06-01Northern Pipeline Construction Co. v. Marathon Pipe Line Co. · 1982-06-28Sporhase v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas · 1982-07-02Lebanese Civil War (Multinational Force) · 1983-01-01United States v. Grace · 1983-04-20Bob Jones University v. United States · 1983-05-24Illinois v. Gates · 1983-06-08Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha · 1983-06-23Bolger v. Youngs Drug Products Corp. · 1983-06-24Michigan v. Long · 1983-07-06Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution · 1983-10-12Invasion of Grenada · 1983-10-25Invasion of Grenada · 1983-10-28Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · 1984-01-23United States v. One Assortment of 89 Firearms · 1984-02-22Limbach v. Hooven & Allison Co. · 1984-04-18Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp. · 1984-06-19Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · 1984-06-25Federal Communications Commission v. League of Women Voters of California · 1984-07-02Regan v. Time, Inc. · 1984-07-03Lebanese Civil War (Multinational Force) · 1985-01-01Ronald Wilson Reagan takes office · 1985-01-20Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority · 1985-02-19Federal Election Commission v. National Conservative Political Action Committee · 1985-03-18United States v. Miller · 1985-04-01Aguilar v. Felton · 1985-07-01Daniels v. Williams · 1986-01-21United States v. Lane · 1986-01-27Batson v. Kentucky · 1986-04-30Bowsher v. Synar · 1986-07-07William Hubbs Rehnquist — Chief Justice · 1986-09-25Antonin Scalia — Associate Justice · 1986-09-25Tax Reform Act of 1986 · 1986-10-22Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (Simpson-Mazzoli Act) · 1986-11-06Federal Election Commission v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc. · 1986-12-15Hodel v. Irving · 1987-05-18Puerto Rico v. Branstad · 1987-06-23Tyler Pipe Industries, Inc. v. Washington State Department of Revenue · 1987-06-23Solorio v. United States · 1987-06-25Welch v. Texas Department of Highways and Public Transportation · 1987-06-25Anthony McLeod Kennedy — Associate Justice · 1988-02-11Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation v. Mayacamas Corporation · 1988-03-22Boos v. Marion S. Barry, Jr. · 1988-03-22South Carolina v. Baker · 1988-04-20Morrison v. Olson · 1988-06-27George Herbert Walker Bush takes office · 1989-01-20United States Department of Veterans Affairs · 1989-03-15Thornburgh v. Abbott · 1989-05-15Rodriguez de Quijas v. Shearson/American Express, Inc. · 1989-05-15Alabama v. Smith · 1989-06-12Healy v. The Beer Institute · 1989-06-19Texas v. Johnson · 1989-06-21Sable Communications of California, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission · 1989-06-23Invasion of Panama · 1989-12-23Invasion of Panama · 1989-12-24W. S. Kirkpatrick & Co., Inc. v. Environmental Tectonics Corp. · 1990-01-17United States v. Shawn D. Eichman · 1990-06-11Collins v. Youngblood · 1990-06-21Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 · 1990-07-26David Hackett Souter — Associate Justice · 1990-10-03Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq · 1991-01-14Gulf War · 1991-01-17Gulf War · 1991-03-02Arizona v. Fulminante · 1991-03-26California v. Acevedo · 1991-05-30Exxon Corporation v. Central Gulf Lines, Inc. · 1991-06-03Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority v. Citizens for the Abatement of Aircraft Noise, Inc. · 1991-06-17Coleman v. Thompson · 1991-06-24Pervis Tyrone Payne v. Tennessee · 1991-06-27Clarence Thomas — Associate Justice · 1991-10-18J. C. Keeney v. Tamayo-Reyes · 1992-05-04Congressional pay changes · 1992-05-07Quill Corporation v. North Dakota by and Through Its Tax Commissioner · 1992-05-26New York v. United States · 1992-06-19Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey · 1992-06-29William Jefferson Clinton takes office · 1993-01-20United States v. Dixon · 1993-06-28Ruth Bader Ginsburg — Associate Justice · 1993-08-05Nichols v. United States · 1994-06-06Director v. Greenwich Collieries · 1994-06-20Stephen Gerald Breyer — Associate Justice · 1994-08-03United States v. National Treasury Employees Union · 1995-02-22Ed Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc. · 1995-04-18Rubin v. Coors Brewing Company · 1995-04-19United States v. Alfonso Lopez, Jr. · 1995-04-26Hubbard v. United States · 1995-05-15U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Ray Thornton · 1995-05-22Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Federico Pena · 1995-06-12United States v. Gaudin · 1995-06-19Telecommunications Act of 1996 · 1996-02-08Fulton Corporation v. Janice H. Faulkner · 1996-02-21Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida · 1996-03-27Inc. v. Rhode Island and Rhode Island Liquor Stores Association · 1996-05-13United States v. International Business Machines Corporation · 1996-06-10Lewis v. Fletcher Casey, Jr. · 1996-06-24Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee and Douglas Jones v. Federal Election Commission · 1996-06-26Denver Area Educational Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission · 1996-06-28Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 · 1996-08-22William Jefferson Clinton takes office · 1997-01-20Babbitt v. Marvin K. Youpee, Sr. · 1997-01-21Clinton v. Paula Corbin Jones · 1997-05-27Rachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton · 1997-06-23City of Boerne v. P. F. Flores · 1997-06-25Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union · 1997-06-26Jay Printz v. United States · 1997-06-27State Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc. · 1997-11-04Hudson v. United States · 1997-12-10C. Elvin Feltner, Jr. v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc. · 1998-03-31United States v. United States Shoe Corporation · 1998-03-31Arnold F. Hohn v. United States · 1998-06-15United States v. Hosep Krikor Bajakajian · 1998-06-22Clinton v. City of New York · 1998-06-25Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel · 1998-06-25Kosovo War · 1999-03-24Minnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians · 1999-03-24Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Association, Inc. v. United States · 1999-06-14Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank and United States · 1999-06-23College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board · 1999-06-23Alden v. Maine · 1999-06-23Kosovo War · 1999-11-22J. Daniel Kimel, Jr. v. Florida Board of Regents · 2000-01-11United States v. Morrison · 2000-05-15United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc. · 2000-05-22Dickerson v. United States · 2000-06-26Guy Mitchell v. Helms · 2000-06-28Bush v. Gore · 2000-12-12George Walker Bush takes office · 2001-01-20Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett · 2001-02-21Legal Services Corporation v. Carmen Velazquez · 2001-02-28United States v. Hatter · 2001-05-21United States and Department of Agriculture v. United Foods, Inc. · 2001-06-25War against al-Qaida · 2001-09-11Authorization for Use of Military Force (2001) · 2001-09-18Invasion of Afghanistan · 2001-10-07Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001 · 2001-10-26Invasion of Afghanistan · 2001-11-14No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 · 2002-01-08Ashcroft v. The Free Speech Coalition · 2002-04-16Tommy G. Thompson v. Western States Medical Center · 2002-04-29Lapides v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia · 2002-05-13United States v. Cotton · 2002-05-20Daryl Renard Atkins v. Virginia · 2002-06-20Ring v. Arizona · 2002-06-24Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 · 2002-07-30Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq (2002) · 2002-10-16United States Department of Homeland Security · 2002-11-25Homeland Security Act of 2002 · 2002-11-25War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency) · 2003-01-01Invasion of Iraq · 2003-03-23Invasion of Iraq · 2003-04-29Grutter v. Lee Bollinger · 2003-06-23Lawrence v. Texas · 2003-06-26Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 · 2003-12-08Mitch McConnell v. Federal Election Commission · 2003-12-10Iraq: insurgency and war against IS · 2004-01-18Crawford v. Washington · 2004-03-08Hamdi v. Rumsfeld · 2004-06-28United States v. Freddie J. Booker · 2005-01-12George Walker Bush takes office · 2005-01-20Roper v. Simmons · 2005-03-01Susette Kelo v. City of New London · 2005-06-23John Glover Roberts, Jr. — Chief Justice · 2005-09-29Central Virginia Community College v. Katz · 2006-01-23Samuel A. Alito, Jr. — Associate Justice · 2006-01-31Illinois Tool Works Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc. · 2006-03-01Salim Ahmed Hamdan v. Rumsfeld · 2006-06-29Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency · 2007-04-02Alberto R. Gonzales v. Leroy Carhart · 2007-04-18Bell Atlantic Corporation v. Twombly · 2007-05-21Bowles v. Russell · 2007-06-14Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. · 2007-06-25Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 · 2007-06-28Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc. · 2007-06-28Boumediene v. Bush · 2008-06-12District of Columbia v. Heller · 2008-06-26Davis v. FEC · 2008-06-26Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 · 2008-10-03Yemen: Houthis and AQAP · 2009-01-01Barack Hussein Obama takes office · 2009-01-20Cordell Pearson v. Afton Callahan · 2009-01-21American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 · 2009-02-17Montejo v. Louisiana · 2009-05-26Sonia Sotomayor — Associate Justice · 2009-08-06Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission · 2010-01-21Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act · 2010-03-23United States v. Stevens · 2010-04-20Free Enterprise Fund and Beckstead and Watts v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board · 2010-06-28Otis McDonald v. City of Chicago · 2010-06-28Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act · 2010-07-21Elena Kagan — Associate Justice · 2010-08-06Pepper v. United States · 2011-03-02Bond v. United States · 2011-06-16Stern v. Elaine T. Marshall · 2011-06-23Iraq: insurgency and war against IS · 2011-12-19Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission · 2012-01-11Coleman v. Court of Appeals of Maryland · 2012-03-20United States v. Xavier Alvarez · 2012-06-28National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius · 2012-06-28Barack Hussein Obama takes office · 2013-01-20Alleyne v. United States · 2013-06-17Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc. · 2013-06-20Shelby County v. Holder · 2013-06-25United States v. Windsor · 2013-06-26McCutcheon v. FEC · 2014-04-02Iraq: insurgency and war against IS · 2014-08-08Yemen: Houthis and AQAP · 2015-01-01Somalia: al-Shabaab · 2015-01-01Afghanistan: Islamic State · 2015-03-03Zivotofsky v. Kerry · 2015-06-08Horne v. Department of Agriculture · 2015-06-22King v. Burwell · 2015-06-25Johnson v. United States · 2015-06-26Obergefell v. Hodges · 2015-06-26Libya: Islamic State · 2016-01-01Hurst v. Florida · 2016-01-12Niger: Islamic State · 2017-01-01Donald J. Trump takes office · 2017-01-20Neil M. Gorsuch — Associate Justice · 2017-04-08Sessions v. Morales-Santana · 2017-06-12Matal v. Tam · 2017-06-19War against al-Qaida · 2017-12-05Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 · 2017-12-22Sessions v. Dimaya · 2018-04-17Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association · 2018-05-14South Dakota v. Wayfair · 2018-06-21Trump v. Hawaii · 2018-06-26Janus v. American Federation of State · 2018-06-27Brett M. Kavanaugh — Associate Justice · 2018-10-06Kenya: al-Shabaab · 2019-01-01Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt · 2019-05-13Herrera v. Wyoming · 2019-05-20Somalia: Islamic State · 2019-06-04Knick v. Township of Scott · 2019-06-21Iancu v. Brunetti · 2019-06-24United States v. Davis · 2019-06-24United States v. Haymond · 2019-06-26Rucho v. Common Cause · 2019-06-27War against al-Qaida · 2019-07-31War against al-Qaida · 2019-09-08Libya: Islamic State · 2019-09-30Iran–Israel conflict · 2020-01-01Allen v. Cooper · 2020-03-23Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act · 2020-03-27Ramos v. Louisiana · 2020-04-20Bostock v. Clayton County · 2020-06-15Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau · 2020-06-29Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc. · 2020-07-06Amy Coney Barrett — Associate Justice · 2020-10-26Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. takes office · 2021-01-20American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 · 2021-03-11Edwards v. Vannoy · 2021-05-17United States v. Arthrex Inc. · 2021-06-21Collins v. Yellen · 2021-06-23War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency) · 2021-08-31Afghanistan: Islamic State · 2021-08-31Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act · 2021-11-15Niger: JNIM · 2021-12-09Somalia: Islamic State · 2021-12-20Kenya: al-Shabaab · 2022-01-01Ketanji Brown Jackson — Associate Justice · 2022-04-08Federal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate · 2022-05-16Shinn v. Ramirez · 2022-05-23Siegel v. Fitzgerald · 2022-06-06New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen · 2022-06-23Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization · 2022-06-24Kennedy v. Bremerton School District · 2022-06-27West Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency · 2022-06-30CHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act · 2022-08-09Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 · 2022-08-16Niger: JNIM · 2023-01-01Niger: Islamic State · 2023-01-01Allen v. Milligan · 2023-06-08Students for Fair Admissions Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College · 2023-06-29Biden v. Nebraska · 2023-06-30Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen) · 2024-02-03Trump v. Anderson · 2024-03-04Securities and Exchange Commission v. Jarkesy · 2024-06-27Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo · 2024-06-28Trump v. United States · 2024-07-01Syria: Islamic State · 2025-01-01Nigeria: Islamic State · 2025-01-01Donald J. Trump takes office · 2025-01-20Somalia: Islamic State · 2025-02-01United States v. Skrmetti · 2025-06-18Trump v. Casa, Inc. · 2025-06-27One Big Beautiful Bill Act · 2025-07-04Learning Resources v. Trump · 2026-02-20Louisiana v. Callais · 2026-04-29Cisco Systems v. Doe · 2026-06-23Trump v. Slaughter · 2026-06-29National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission · 2026-06-30197019801990200020102020
  1. lawClean Air Act
  2. war+Laotian Civil War
  3. amendmentAbolition of poll taxes in federal elections
  4. rulingWesberry v. Sanders
  5. rulingNew York Times Co. v. Sullivan
  6. rulingSchneider v. Rusk
  7. rulingReynolds v. Sims
  8. rulingMalloy v. Hogan
  9. rulingMurphy v. Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor
  10. rulingJackson v. Denno
  11. rulingEscobedo v. Illinois
  12. rulingAptheker v. Secretary of State
  13. lawCivil Rights Act of 1964
  14. war powersGulf of Tonkin Resolution
  15. rulingMcLaughlin v. Florida
  16. rulingHeart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
  17. war−Vietnam: South Vietnam vs. the Viet Cong
  18. presidentLyndon Baines Johnson takes office
  19. rulingPointer v. Texas
  20. lawElementary and Secondary Education Act
  21. rulingLamont v. Postmaster General
  22. rulingUnited States v. Brown
  23. rulingGriswold v. Connecticut
  24. lawSocial Security Amendments of 1965
  25. lawVoting Rights Act of 1965
  26. justiceAbe Fortas — Associate Justice
  27. agency+United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
  28. lawImmigration and Nationality Act of 1965
  29. lawHigher Education Act of 1965
  30. rulingAlbertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board
  31. rulingSwift & Co., Inc. v. Wickham
  32. rulingUnited States v. Romano
  33. rulingHarris v. United States
  34. war+Vietnam War
  35. rulingSouth Carolina v. Katzenbach
  36. rulingHarper v. Virginia Board of Elections
  37. rulingMiranda v. Arizona
  38. lawFreedom of Information Act
  39. agency+United States Department of Transportation
  40. rulingSpevack v. Klein
  41. rulingKeyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York
  42. amendmentPresidential succession and disability
  43. rulingAfroyim v. Rusk
  44. rulingWarden v. Hayden
  45. rulingCamara v. Municipal Court of the City and County of San Francisco
  46. rulingLoving v. Virginia
  47. rulingBerger v. New York
  48. justiceThurgood Marshall — Associate Justice
  49. rulingUnited States v. Robel
  50. rulingKatz v. United States
  51. rulingMarchetti v. United States
  52. rulingGrosso v. United States
  53. rulingHaynes v. United States
  54. rulingUnited States v. Jackson
  55. lawCivil Rights Act of 1968
  56. rulingPeyton v. Rowe
  57. rulingBruton v. United States
  58. rulingDuncan v. Louisiana
  59. rulingCarafas v. Lavallee
  60. rulingTerry v. Ohio
  61. rulingLee v. Florida
  62. rulingJones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
  63. presidentRichard Milhous Nixon takes office
  64. rulingTinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
  65. rulingMoore v. Ogilvie
  66. rulingLeary v. United States
  67. rulingO'Callahan v. Parker
  68. rulingBrandenburg v. Ohio
  69. rulingLear, Inc. v. Adkins
  70. justiceWarren Earl Burger — Chief Justice
  71. rulingChimel v. California
  72. rulingBenton v. Maryland
  73. war+Cambodian Civil War
  74. lawNational Environmental Policy Act
  75. rulingTurner v. United States
  76. rulingAshe v. Swenson
  77. justiceHarry Andrew Blackmun — Associate Justice
  78. rulingSchacht v. United States
  79. rulingBoys Markets, Inc. v. Retail Clerks Union
  80. rulingPrice v. Georgia
  81. rulingMoragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc.
  82. rulingWilliams v. Florida
  83. rulingOregon v. Mitchell
  84. lawOccupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
  85. war powersGulf of Tonkin Resolution repealed
  86. rulingBlount v. Rizzi
  87. rulingUnited States v. United States Coin & Currency
  88. rulingSwann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
  89. rulingBlonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc. v. University of Illinois Foundation
  90. rulingPerez v. Campbell
  91. rulingGriffin v. Breckenridge
  92. rulingLemon v. Kurtzman
  93. rulingTilton v. Richardson
  94. rulingNew York Times Co. v. United States
  95. agency−United States Post Office Department
  96. amendmentVoting age lowered to 18
  97. justiceLewis Franklin Powell, Jr. — Associate Justice
  98. justiceWilliam Hubbs Rehnquist — Associate Justice
  99. rulingDunn v. Blumstein
  100. rulingIllinois v. City of Milwaukee
  101. rulingAndrews v. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co.
  102. rulingFurman v. Georgia
  103. lawClean Water Act
  104. presidentRichard Milhous Nixon takes office
  105. rulingRoe v. Wade
  106. rulingLehnhausen v. Lake Shore Auto Parts Co.
  107. rulingBraden v. 30th Judicial Circuit Court of Kentucky
  108. war−Vietnam War
  109. rulingFrontiero v. Richardson
  110. rulingMiller v. California
  111. rulingUnited States Department of Agriculture v. Murry
  112. rulingUnited States Department of Agriculture v. Moreno
  113. war−Laotian Civil War
  114. war powersWar Powers Resolution
  115. lawWar Powers Resolution
  116. rulingNorth Dakota State Board of Pharmacy v. Snyder's Drug Stores, Inc.
  117. lawEndangered Species Act of 1973
  118. war−Cambodian Civil War
  119. rulingEdelman v. Jordan
  120. rulingMitchell v. W. T. Grant Co.
  121. rulingJimenez v. Weinberger
  122. rulingUnited States v. Nixon
  123. presidentGerald Rudolph Ford Jr. takes office
  124. rulingTaylor v. Louisiana
  125. rulingWeinberger v. Wiesenfeld
  126. rulingUnited States v. Reliable Transfer Co., Inc.
  127. justiceJohn Paul Stevens — Associate Justice
  128. rulingMichelin Tire Corp. v. Wages
  129. rulingBuckley v. Valeo
  130. rulingHudgens v. National Labor Relations Board
  131. rulingVirginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc.
  132. rulingHampton v. Mow Sun Wong
  133. rulingNational League of Cities v. Usery
  134. rulingLodge 76 v. Wisconsin Employment Relations Commission
  135. rulingCity of New Orleans v. Dukes
  136. rulingGregg v. Georgia
  137. rulingCraig v. Boren
  138. rulingOregon ex rel. State Land Board v. Corvallis Sand & Gravel Co.
  139. presidentJames Earl Carter takes office
  140. rulingCalifano v. Goldfarb
  141. rulingComplete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady
  142. rulingContinental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania Inc.
  143. rulingWainwright v. Sykes
  144. rulingShaffer v. Heitner
  145. agency+United States Department of Energy
  146. rulingDepartment of Revenue of Washington v. Association of Washington Stevedoring Companies
  147. rulingMarshall v. Barlow's, Inc.
  148. rulingMonell v. Department of Social Services of the City of New York
  149. rulingBurks v. United States
  150. rulingUnited States v. Scott
  151. rulingRegents of the University of California v. Bakke
  152. rulingDuren v. Missouri
  153. rulingHughes v. Oklahoma
  154. rulingCalifano v. Westcott
  155. agency+United States Department of Education
  156. rulingTrammel v. United States
  157. agency−United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
  158. agency+United States Department of Health and Human Services
  159. rulingUnited States v. Salvucci
  160. rulingThomas v. Washington Gas Light Co.
  161. rulingUnited States v. Will
  162. presidentRonald Wilson Reagan takes office
  163. rulingCommonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana
  164. justiceSandra Day O'Connor — Associate Justice
  165. rulingRailway Labor Executives' Assn. v. Gibbons
  166. rulingUnited States v. Ross
  167. rulingNorthern Pipeline Construction Co. v. Marathon Pipe Line Co.
  168. rulingSporhase v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas
  169. war+Lebanese Civil War (Multinational Force)
  170. rulingUnited States v. Grace
  171. rulingBob Jones University v. United States
  172. rulingIllinois v. Gates
  173. rulingImmigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha
  174. rulingBolger v. Youngs Drug Products Corp.
  175. rulingMichigan v. Long
  176. war powersMultinational Force in Lebanon Resolution
  177. war+Invasion of Grenada
  178. war−Invasion of Grenada
  179. rulingPennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman
  180. rulingUnited States v. One Assortment of 89 Firearms
  181. rulingLimbach v. Hooven & Allison Co.
  182. rulingCopperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp.
  183. rulingChevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.
  184. rulingFederal Communications Commission v. League of Women Voters of California
  185. rulingRegan v. Time, Inc.
  186. war−Lebanese Civil War (Multinational Force)
  187. presidentRonald Wilson Reagan takes office
  188. rulingGarcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
  189. rulingFederal Election Commission v. National Conservative Political Action Committee
  190. rulingUnited States v. Miller
  191. rulingAguilar v. Felton
  192. rulingDaniels v. Williams
  193. rulingUnited States v. Lane
  194. rulingBatson v. Kentucky
  195. rulingBowsher v. Synar
  196. justiceWilliam Hubbs Rehnquist — Chief Justice
  197. justiceAntonin Scalia — Associate Justice
  198. lawTax Reform Act of 1986
  199. lawImmigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (Simpson-Mazzoli Act)
  200. rulingFederal Election Commission v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc.
  201. rulingHodel v. Irving
  202. rulingPuerto Rico v. Branstad
  203. rulingTyler Pipe Industries, Inc. v. Washington State Department of Revenue
  204. rulingSolorio v. United States
  205. rulingWelch v. Texas Department of Highways and Public Transportation
  206. justiceAnthony McLeod Kennedy — Associate Justice
  207. rulingGulfstream Aerospace Corporation v. Mayacamas Corporation
  208. rulingBoos v. Marion S. Barry, Jr.
  209. rulingSouth Carolina v. Baker
  210. rulingMorrison v. Olson
  211. presidentGeorge Herbert Walker Bush takes office
  212. agency+United States Department of Veterans Affairs
  213. rulingThornburgh v. Abbott
  214. rulingRodriguez de Quijas v. Shearson/American Express, Inc.
  215. rulingAlabama v. Smith
  216. rulingHealy v. The Beer Institute
  217. rulingTexas v. Johnson
  218. rulingSable Communications of California, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission
  219. war+Invasion of Panama
  220. war−Invasion of Panama
  221. rulingW. S. Kirkpatrick & Co., Inc. v. Environmental Tectonics Corp.
  222. rulingUnited States v. Shawn D. Eichman
  223. rulingCollins v. Youngblood
  224. lawAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990
  225. justiceDavid Hackett Souter — Associate Justice
  226. war powersAuthorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq
  227. war+Gulf War
  228. war−Gulf War
  229. rulingArizona v. Fulminante
  230. rulingCalifornia v. Acevedo
  231. rulingExxon Corporation v. Central Gulf Lines, Inc.
  232. rulingMetropolitan Washington Airports Authority v. Citizens for the Abatement of Aircraft Noise, Inc.
  233. rulingColeman v. Thompson
  234. rulingPervis Tyrone Payne v. Tennessee
  235. justiceClarence Thomas — Associate Justice
  236. rulingJ. C. Keeney v. Tamayo-Reyes
  237. amendmentCongressional pay changes
  238. rulingQuill Corporation v. North Dakota by and Through Its Tax Commissioner
  239. rulingNew York v. United States
  240. rulingPlanned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
  241. presidentWilliam Jefferson Clinton takes office
  242. rulingUnited States v. Dixon
  243. justiceRuth Bader Ginsburg — Associate Justice
  244. rulingNichols v. United States
  245. rulingDirector v. Greenwich Collieries
  246. justiceStephen Gerald Breyer — Associate Justice
  247. rulingUnited States v. National Treasury Employees Union
  248. rulingEd Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc.
  249. rulingRubin v. Coors Brewing Company
  250. rulingUnited States v. Alfonso Lopez, Jr.
  251. rulingHubbard v. United States
  252. rulingU.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Ray Thornton
  253. rulingAdarand Constructors, Inc. v. Federico Pena
  254. rulingUnited States v. Gaudin
  255. lawTelecommunications Act of 1996
  256. rulingFulton Corporation v. Janice H. Faulkner
  257. rulingSeminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida
  258. rulingInc. v. Rhode Island and Rhode Island Liquor Stores Association
  259. rulingUnited States v. International Business Machines Corporation
  260. rulingLewis v. Fletcher Casey, Jr.
  261. rulingColorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee and Douglas Jones v. Federal Election Commission
  262. rulingDenver Area Educational Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission
  263. lawPersonal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
  264. presidentWilliam Jefferson Clinton takes office
  265. rulingBabbitt v. Marvin K. Youpee, Sr.
  266. rulingClinton v. Paula Corbin Jones
  267. rulingRachel Agostini v. Betty-Louise Felton
  268. rulingCity of Boerne v. P. F. Flores
  269. rulingReno v. American Civil Liberties Union
  270. rulingJay Printz v. United States
  271. rulingState Oil Company v. Barkat U. Khan and Khan & Associates, Inc.
  272. rulingHudson v. United States
  273. rulingC. Elvin Feltner, Jr. v. Columbia Pictures Television, Inc.
  274. rulingUnited States v. United States Shoe Corporation
  275. rulingArnold F. Hohn v. United States
  276. rulingUnited States v. Hosep Krikor Bajakajian
  277. rulingClinton v. City of New York
  278. rulingEastern Enterprises v. Apfel
  279. war+Kosovo War
  280. rulingMinnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians
  281. rulingGreater New Orleans Broadcasting Association, Inc. v. United States
  282. rulingFlorida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank and United States
  283. rulingCollege Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board
  284. rulingAlden v. Maine
  285. war−Kosovo War
  286. rulingJ. Daniel Kimel, Jr. v. Florida Board of Regents
  287. rulingUnited States v. Morrison
  288. rulingUnited States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
  289. rulingDickerson v. United States
  290. rulingGuy Mitchell v. Helms
  291. rulingBush v. Gore
  292. presidentGeorge Walker Bush takes office
  293. rulingBoard of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett
  294. rulingLegal Services Corporation v. Carmen Velazquez
  295. rulingUnited States v. Hatter
  296. rulingUnited States and Department of Agriculture v. United Foods, Inc.
  297. war+War against al-Qaida
  298. war powersAuthorization for Use of Military Force (2001)
  299. war+Invasion of Afghanistan
  300. lawUniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001
  301. war−Invasion of Afghanistan
  302. lawNo Child Left Behind Act of 2001
  303. rulingAshcroft v. The Free Speech Coalition
  304. rulingTommy G. Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
  305. rulingLapides v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia
  306. rulingUnited States v. Cotton
  307. rulingDaryl Renard Atkins v. Virginia
  308. rulingRing v. Arizona
  309. lawSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
  310. war powersAuthorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq (2002)
  311. agency+United States Department of Homeland Security
  312. lawHomeland Security Act of 2002
  313. war+War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
  314. war+Invasion of Iraq
  315. war−Invasion of Iraq
  316. rulingGrutter v. Lee Bollinger
  317. rulingLawrence v. Texas
  318. lawMedicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003
  319. rulingMitch McConnell v. Federal Election Commission
  320. war+Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
  321. rulingCrawford v. Washington
  322. rulingHamdi v. Rumsfeld
  323. rulingUnited States v. Freddie J. Booker
  324. presidentGeorge Walker Bush takes office
  325. rulingRoper v. Simmons
  326. rulingSusette Kelo v. City of New London
  327. justiceJohn Glover Roberts, Jr. — Chief Justice
  328. rulingCentral Virginia Community College v. Katz
  329. justiceSamuel A. Alito, Jr. — Associate Justice
  330. rulingIllinois Tool Works Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc.
  331. rulingSalim Ahmed Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
  332. rulingMassachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency
  333. rulingAlberto R. Gonzales v. Leroy Carhart
  334. rulingBell Atlantic Corporation v. Twombly
  335. rulingBowles v. Russell
  336. rulingFederal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
  337. rulingParents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1
  338. rulingLeegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc.
  339. rulingBoumediene v. Bush
  340. rulingDistrict of Columbia v. Heller
  341. rulingDavis v. FEC
  342. lawEmergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
  343. war+Yemen: Houthis and AQAP
  344. presidentBarack Hussein Obama takes office
  345. rulingCordell Pearson v. Afton Callahan
  346. lawAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
  347. rulingMontejo v. Louisiana
  348. justiceSonia Sotomayor — Associate Justice
  349. rulingCitizens United v. Federal Election Commission
  350. lawPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act
  351. rulingUnited States v. Stevens
  352. rulingFree Enterprise Fund and Beckstead and Watts v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
  353. rulingOtis McDonald v. City of Chicago
  354. lawDodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
  355. justiceElena Kagan — Associate Justice
  356. rulingPepper v. United States
  357. rulingBond v. United States
  358. rulingStern v. Elaine T. Marshall
  359. war−Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
  360. rulingHosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
  361. rulingColeman v. Court of Appeals of Maryland
  362. rulingUnited States v. Xavier Alvarez
  363. rulingNational Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
  364. presidentBarack Hussein Obama takes office
  365. rulingAlleyne v. United States
  366. rulingAgency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.
  367. rulingShelby County v. Holder
  368. rulingUnited States v. Windsor
  369. rulingMcCutcheon v. FEC
  370. war+Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
  371. war−Yemen: Houthis and AQAP
  372. war+Somalia: al-Shabaab
  373. war+Afghanistan: Islamic State
  374. rulingZivotofsky v. Kerry
  375. rulingHorne v. Department of Agriculture
  376. rulingKing v. Burwell
  377. rulingJohnson v. United States
  378. rulingObergefell v. Hodges
  379. war+Libya: Islamic State
  380. rulingHurst v. Florida
  381. war+Niger: Islamic State
  382. presidentDonald J. Trump takes office
  383. justiceNeil M. Gorsuch — Associate Justice
  384. rulingSessions v. Morales-Santana
  385. rulingMatal v. Tam
  386. war−War against al-Qaida
  387. lawTax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
  388. rulingSessions v. Dimaya
  389. rulingMurphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
  390. rulingSouth Dakota v. Wayfair
  391. rulingTrump v. Hawaii
  392. rulingJanus v. American Federation of State
  393. justiceBrett M. Kavanaugh — Associate Justice
  394. war+Kenya: al-Shabaab
  395. rulingFranchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
  396. rulingHerrera v. Wyoming
  397. war+Somalia: Islamic State
  398. rulingKnick v. Township of Scott
  399. rulingIancu v. Brunetti
  400. rulingUnited States v. Davis
  401. rulingUnited States v. Haymond
  402. rulingRucho v. Common Cause
  403. war+War against al-Qaida
  404. war−War against al-Qaida
  405. war−Libya: Islamic State
  406. war+Iran–Israel conflict
  407. rulingAllen v. Cooper
  408. lawCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
  409. rulingRamos v. Louisiana
  410. rulingBostock v. Clayton County
  411. rulingSeila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
  412. rulingBarr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc.
  413. justiceAmy Coney Barrett — Associate Justice
  414. presidentJoseph Robinette Biden Jr. takes office
  415. lawAmerican Rescue Plan Act of 2021
  416. rulingEdwards v. Vannoy
  417. rulingUnited States v. Arthrex Inc.
  418. rulingCollins v. Yellen
  419. war−War in Afghanistan (Taliban insurgency)
  420. war−Afghanistan: Islamic State
  421. lawInfrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
  422. war+Niger: JNIM
  423. war−Somalia: Islamic State
  424. war−Kenya: al-Shabaab
  425. justiceKetanji Brown Jackson — Associate Justice
  426. rulingFederal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate
  427. rulingShinn v. Ramirez
  428. rulingSiegel v. Fitzgerald
  429. rulingNew York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
  430. rulingDobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
  431. rulingKennedy v. Bremerton School District
  432. rulingWest Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency
  433. lawCHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act
  434. lawInflation Reduction Act of 2022
  435. war−Niger: JNIM
  436. war−Niger: Islamic State
  437. rulingAllen v. Milligan
  438. rulingStudents for Fair Admissions Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College
  439. rulingBiden v. Nebraska
  440. war+Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen)
  441. rulingTrump v. Anderson
  442. rulingSecurities and Exchange Commission v. Jarkesy
  443. rulingLoper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo
  444. rulingTrump v. United States
  445. war+Syria: Islamic State
  446. war+Nigeria: Islamic State
  447. presidentDonald J. Trump takes office
  448. war+Somalia: Islamic State
  449. rulingUnited States v. Skrmetti
  450. rulingTrump v. Casa, Inc.
  451. lawOne Big Beautiful Bill Act
  452. rulingLearning Resources v. Trump
  453. rulingLouisiana v. Callais
  454. rulingCisco Systems v. Doe
  455. rulingTrump v. Slaughter
  456. rulingNational Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission