How did the United States change between and ?

Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → now
civicdiff.com/1869-03-04...1877-03-03 · 8 years json
18 files changed, 1,990 insertions(+), 288 deletions(−)
Laws enacted
+32
major laws · full counts from 1973
Executive orders
—
records start in 1994
Final rules
—
records start in 1994
Supreme Court
4 of 9
seats changed hands
Agencies
+4 −0
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
−$431M
$2.6B → $2.2B

The presidency passed from Andrew Johnson to Ulysses Simpson Grant. 62 senators and 288 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 4 new justices joined the Supreme Court. 1 constitutional amendment was ratified.

Executive5 files+9−6

executive/presidentThe presidency
+1−1National Archives ↗
Andrew Johnson D
17th president
Ulysses Simpson Grant R
18th president · took office Mar 4, 1869
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
±0Senate Historical Office ↗
vacant
in office on both dates
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+4−5Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 2 people took this office in between
William H. Seward R
Hamilton Fish R
Secretary of the Treasury · 4 people took this office in between
Lot M. Morrill R
Secretary of War · 2 people took this office in between
John Schofield R
vacant on Mar 3, 1877
next: George W. McCrary R · Mar 12, 1877
Attorney General · 5 people took this office in between
William M. Evarts W
Alphonso Taft R
Secretary of the Navy
Gideon Welles D
vacant on Mar 3, 1877
next: Richard W. Thompson W · Mar 13, 1877
Other senior officials (2 changed)
Secretary of the Navy
Gideon Welles D
vacant on Mar 3, 1877
next: Richard W. Thompson W · Mar 13, 1877
Solicitor General · 2 people took this office in between
office did not exist
Samuel F. Phillips R
executive/ordersExecutive orders
no dataFederal Register API ↗
Federal Register records of executive orders begin in 1994.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+4Wikidata ↗
37 → 41 tracked organizations · 7 → 8 executive departments
United States Department of Justice department
established Jul 1, 1870 · United States federal executive department
Office of Attorney Recruitment and Management
established Jan 1, 1870
Division of Telegrams and Reports for the Benefit of Commerce and Agriculture
established Feb 9, 1870 · predecessor to United States Weather Bureau
Steamboat Inspection Service
established Jan 1, 1871 · Defunct United States agency
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.

Military1 file±0

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
±0UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 0 armed conflicts → 0
The U.S. was not a party to any armed conflict in this window (conflict records start in 1946).
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.

Legislative4 files+382−274

legislative/controlControl of Congress
1 changeHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublicanOther
40th Congress → 44th Congress · 4 new Congresses elected
1 change of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority
176 R · 51 D
House: null majority
182 D · 110 R
Senate: Republican majority on both dates
56 R · 10 D → 46 R · 30 D
legislative/senateSenate
+62−52congress-legislators ↗
Mar 4, 1869 · 56 R · 10 D
Willard Saulsbury Sr. (Democrat, DE)James Asheton Bayard Jr. (Democrat, DE)Thomas Andrews Hendricks (Democrat, IN)Thomas Clay McCreery (Democrat, KY)Garrett Davis (Democrat, KY)William Pinkney Whyte (Democrat, MD)George Vickers (Democrat, MD)Daniel Sheldon Norton (Democrat, MN)Charles Rollin Buckalew (Democrat, PA)David Trotter Patterson (Democrat, TN)Willard Warner (Republican, AL)George Eliphaz Spencer (Republican, AL)Alexander McDonald (Republican, AR)Benjamin Franklin Rice (Republican, AR)John Conness (Republican, CA)Cornelius Cole (Republican, CA)James Dixon (Republican, CT)Orris Sanford Ferry (Republican, CT)Adonijah Strong Welch (Republican, FL)Thomas Ward Osborn (Republican, FL)James Wilson Grimes (Republican, IA)James Harlan (Republican, IA)Richard Yates (Republican, IL)Lyman Trumbull (Republican, IL)Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton (Republican, IN)Edmund Gibson Ross (Republican, KS)Samuel Clarke Pomeroy (Republican, KS)John Spafford Harris (Republican, LA)William Pitt Kellogg (Republican, LA)Charles Sumner (Republican, MA)Henry Wilson (Republican, MA)Lot Myrick Morrill (Republican, ME)William Pitt Fessenden (Republican, ME)Zachariah Chandler (Republican, MI)Jacob Merritt Howard (Republican, MI)Alexander Ramsey (Republican, MN)John Brooks Henderson (Republican, MO)Charles Daniel Drake (Republican, MO)Joseph Carter Abbott (Republican, NC)John Pool (Republican, NC)Thomas Weston Tipton (Republican, NE)John Milton Thayer (Republican, NE)Aaron Harrison Cragin (Republican, NH)James Willis Patterson (Republican, NH)Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (Republican, NJ)Alexander Gilmore Cattell (Republican, NJ)William Morris Stewart (Republican, NV)James Warren Nye (Republican, NV)Edwin Denison Morgan (Republican, NY)Roscoe Conkling (Republican, NY)Benjamin Franklin Wade (Republican, OH)John Sherman (Republican, OH)George Henry Williams (Republican, OR)Henry Winslow Corbett (Republican, OR)Simon Cameron (Republican, PA)William Sprague (Republican, RI)Henry Bowen Anthony (Republican, RI)Thomas James Robertson (Republican, SC)Frederick Adolphus Sawyer (Republican, SC)Joseph Smith Fowler (Republican, TN)George Franklin Edmunds (Republican, VT)Justin Smith Morrill (Republican, VT)James Rood Doolittle (Republican, WI)Timothy Otis Howe (Republican, WI)Peter Godwin Van Winkle (Republican, WV)Waitman Thomas Willey (Republican, WV)
Mar 3, 1877 · 46 R · 30 D
George Goldthwaite (Democrat, AL)William Henry Barnum (Democrat, CT)William Wallace Eaton (Democrat, CT)Eli Saulsbury (Democrat, DE)Thomas Francis Bayard Sr. (Democrat, DE)Charles William Jones (Democrat, FL)Thomas Manson Norwood (Democrat, GA)John Brown Gordon (Democrat, GA)Joseph Ewing McDonald (Democrat, IN)John White Stevenson (Democrat, KY)Thomas Clay McCreery (Democrat, KY)James Biddle Eustis (Democrat, LA)George Robertson Dennis (Democrat, MD)William Pinkney Whyte (Democrat, MD)Lewis Vital Bogy (Democrat, MO)Francis Marion Cockrell (Democrat, MO)Matt Whitaker Ransom (Democrat, NC)Augustus Summerfield Merrimon (Democrat, NC)Theodore Fitz Randolph (Democrat, NJ)Francis Kernan (Democrat, NY)Allen Granberry Thurman (Democrat, OH)James Kerr Kelly (Democrat, OR)William Andrew Wallace (Democrat, PA)Henry Cooper (Democrat, TN)David McKendree Key (Democrat, TN)Samuel Bell Maxey (Democrat, TX)John Warfield Johnston (Democrat, VA)Robert Enoch Withers (Democrat, VA)Henry Gassaway Davis (Democrat, WV)Samuel Price (Democrat, WV)George Eliphaz Spencer (Republican, AL)Powell Clayton (Republican, AR)Stephen Wallace Dorsey (Republican, AR)Aaron Augustus Sargent (Republican, CA)Newton Booth (Republican, CA)Jerome Bunty Chaffee (Republican, CO)Henry Moore Teller (Republican, CO)Simon Barclay Conover (Republican, FL)George Grover Wright (Republican, IA)William Boyd Allison (Republican, IA)John Alexander Logan (Republican, IL)Richard James Oglesby (Republican, IL)Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton (Republican, IN)John James Ingalls (Republican, KS)James Madison Harvey (Republican, KS)Joseph Rodman West (Republican, LA)George Sewel Boutwell (Republican, MA)Henry Laurens Dawes (Republican, MA)James Gillespie Blaine (Republican, ME)Hannibal Hamlin (Republican, ME)Thomas White Ferry (Republican, MI)Isaac Peckham Christiancy (Republican, MI)William Windom (Republican, MN)Samuel James Renwick McMillan (Republican, MN)James Lusk Alcorn (Republican, MS)Blanche Kelso Bruce (Republican, MS)Phineas Warren Hitchcock (Republican, NE)Algernon Sidney Paddock (Republican, NE)Aaron Harrison Cragin (Republican, NH)Bainbridge Wadleigh (Republican, NH)Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (Republican, NJ)John Percival Jones (Republican, NV)William Sharon (Republican, NV)Roscoe Conkling (Republican, NY)John Sherman (Republican, OH)John Hipple Mitchell (Republican, OR)Simon Cameron (Republican, PA)Henry Bowen Anthony (Republican, RI)Ambrose Everett Burnside (Republican, RI)Thomas James Robertson (Republican, SC)John James Patterson (Republican, SC)Morgan Calvin Hamilton (Republican, TX)Justin Smith Morrill (Republican, VT)George Franklin Edmunds (Republican, VT)Timothy Otis Howe (Republican, WI)Angus Cameron (Republican, WI)
62 new members · 52 departed · 14 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 49 → 53
17 seats changed party
Joseph Smith Fowler R
Tennessee seat
Henry Cooper D
Tennessee seat
Willard Warner R
Alabama seat
George Goldthwaite D
Alabama seat
George Henry Williams R
Oregon seat
James Kerr Kelly D
Oregon seat
Waitman Thomas Willey R
West Virginia seat
Henry Gassaway Davis D
West Virginia seat
Show 13 more seat flips
Daniel Sheldon Norton D
Minnesota seat
William Windom R
Minnesota seat
Joseph Carter Abbott R
North Carolina seat
Matt Whitaker Ransom D
North Carolina seat
Charles Daniel Drake R
Missouri seat
Lewis Vital Bogy D
Missouri seat
John Pool R
North Carolina seat
Augustus Summerfield Merrimon D
North Carolina seat
Peter Godwin Van Winkle R
West Virginia seat
Samuel Price D
West Virginia seat
Orris Sanford Ferry R
Connecticut seat
William Henry Barnum D
Connecticut seat
Edwin Denison Morgan R
New York seat
Francis Kernan D
New York seat
Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen R
New Jersey seat
Theodore Fitz Randolph D
New Jersey seat
Benjamin Franklin Wade R
Ohio seat
Allen Granberry Thurman D
Ohio seat
Adonijah Strong Welch R
Florida seat
Charles William Jones D
Florida seat
James Dixon R
Connecticut seat
William Wallace Eaton D
Connecticut seat
John Brooks Henderson R
Missouri seat
Francis Marion Cockrell D
Missouri seat
William Pitt Kellogg R
Louisiana seat
James Biddle Eustis D
Louisiana seat
Who joined and who left (62 in · 52 out)
George Goldthwaite D
Alabama
Powell Clayton R
Arkansas
Stephen Wallace Dorsey R
Arkansas
Aaron Augustus Sargent R
California
Newton Booth R
California
Jerome Bunty Chaffee R
Colorado
Henry Moore Teller R
Colorado
William Henry Barnum D
Connecticut
William Wallace Eaton D
Connecticut
Eli Saulsbury D
Delaware
Thomas Francis Bayard Sr. D
Delaware
Simon Barclay Conover R
Florida
Charles William Jones D
Florida
Thomas Manson Norwood D
Georgia
John Brown Gordon D
Georgia
George Grover Wright R
Iowa
William Boyd Allison R
Iowa
John Alexander Logan R
Illinois
Richard James Oglesby R
Illinois
Joseph Ewing McDonald D
Indiana
John James Ingalls R
Kansas
James Madison Harvey R
Kansas
John White Stevenson D
Kentucky
Joseph Rodman West R
Louisiana
James Biddle Eustis D
Louisiana
George Sewel Boutwell R
Massachusetts
Henry Laurens Dawes R
Massachusetts
George Robertson Dennis D
Maryland
James Gillespie Blaine R
Maine
Hannibal Hamlin R
Maine
Thomas White Ferry R
Michigan
Isaac Peckham Christiancy R
Michigan
William Windom R
Minnesota
Samuel James Renwick McMillan R
Minnesota
Lewis Vital Bogy D
Missouri
Francis Marion Cockrell D
Missouri
James Lusk Alcorn R
Mississippi
Blanche Kelso Bruce R
Mississippi
Matt Whitaker Ransom D
North Carolina
Augustus Summerfield Merrimon D
North Carolina
Phineas Warren Hitchcock R
Nebraska
Algernon Sidney Paddock R
Nebraska
Bainbridge Wadleigh R
New Hampshire
Theodore Fitz Randolph D
New Jersey
John Percival Jones R
Nevada
William Sharon R
Nevada
Francis Kernan D
New York
Allen Granberry Thurman D
Ohio
James Kerr Kelly D
Oregon
John Hipple Mitchell R
Oregon
William Andrew Wallace D
Pennsylvania
Ambrose Everett Burnside R
Rhode Island
John James Patterson R
South Carolina
Henry Cooper D
Tennessee
David McKendree Key D
Tennessee
Morgan Calvin Hamilton R
Texas
Samuel Bell Maxey D
Texas
John Warfield Johnston D
Virginia
Robert Enoch Withers D
Virginia
Angus Cameron R
Wisconsin
Henry Gassaway Davis D
West Virginia
Samuel Price D
West Virginia
Willard Warner R
Alabama
Alexander McDonald R
Arkansas
Benjamin Franklin Rice R
Arkansas
John Conness R
California
Cornelius Cole R
California
James Dixon R
Connecticut
Orris Sanford Ferry R
Connecticut
Willard Saulsbury Sr. D
Delaware
James Asheton Bayard Jr. D
Delaware
Adonijah Strong Welch R
Florida
Thomas Ward Osborn R
Florida
James Wilson Grimes R
Iowa
James Harlan R
Iowa
Richard Yates R
Illinois
Lyman Trumbull R
Illinois
Thomas Andrews Hendricks D
Indiana
Edmund Gibson Ross R
Kansas
Samuel Clarke Pomeroy R
Kansas
Garrett Davis D
Kentucky
John Spafford Harris R
Louisiana
William Pitt Kellogg R
Louisiana
Charles Sumner R
Massachusetts
Henry Wilson R
Massachusetts
George Vickers D
Maryland
Lot Myrick Morrill R
Maine
William Pitt Fessenden R
Maine
Zachariah Chandler R
Michigan
Jacob Merritt Howard R
Michigan
Alexander Ramsey R
Minnesota
Daniel Sheldon Norton D
Minnesota
John Brooks Henderson R
Missouri
Charles Daniel Drake R
Missouri
Joseph Carter Abbott R
North Carolina
John Pool R
North Carolina
Thomas Weston Tipton R
Nebraska
John Milton Thayer R
Nebraska
James Willis Patterson R
New Hampshire
Alexander Gilmore Cattell R
New Jersey
William Morris Stewart R
Nevada
James Warren Nye R
Nevada
Edwin Denison Morgan R
New York
Benjamin Franklin Wade R
Ohio
George Henry Williams R
Oregon
Henry Winslow Corbett R
Oregon
Charles Rollin Buckalew D
Pennsylvania
William Sprague R
Rhode Island
Frederick Adolphus Sawyer R
South Carolina
David Trotter Patterson D
Tennessee
Joseph Smith Fowler R
Tennessee
James Rood Doolittle R
Wisconsin
Peter Godwin Van Winkle R
West Virginia
Waitman Thomas Willey R
West Virginia
legislative/houseHouse
+288−222congress-legislators ↗
Mar 4, 1869 · 176 R · 51 D · 2 C · 2 IR · 1 I · 1 U · 1 CR · 1 W
Samuel Beach Axtell (Democrat, CA-1)James Augustus Johnson (Democrat, CA-3)Julius Hotchkiss (Democrat, CT-2)Richard Dudley Hubbard (Democrat, CT-1)William Henry Barnum (Democrat, CT-4)John Anthony Nicholson (Democrat, DE-AL)Nelson Tift (Democrat, GA-2)Pierce Manning Butler Young (Democrat, GA-7)Edward Dexter Holbrook (Democrat, ID-AL)Lewis Winans Ross (Democrat, IL-9)Albert George Burr (Democrat, IL-10)Samuel Scott Marshall (Democrat, IL-11)William Ellis Niblack (Democrat, IN-1)Michael Crawford Kerr (Democrat, IN-2)William Steele Holman (Democrat, IN-4)Asa Porter Grover (Democrat, KY-5)Elijah Hise (Democrat, KY-3)Lawrence Strother Trimble (Democrat, KY-1)George Madison Adams (Democrat, KY-8)John Young Brown (Democrat, KY-AL)Thomas Laurens Jones (Democrat, KY-6)James Proctor Knott (Democrat, KY-4)James Burnie Beck (Democrat, KY-7)James Mann (Democrat, LA-2)Hiram McCullough (Democrat, MD-1)Frederick Stone (Democrat, MD-5)Stevenson Archer (Democrat, MD-2)Thomas Estes Noell (Democrat, MO-3)James Michael Cavanaugh (Democrat, MT-AL)Charles Sitgreaves (Democrat, NJ-3)Charles Haight (Democrat, NJ-2)Demas Barnes (Democrat, NY-2)John Winthrop Chanler (Democrat, NY-7)James Morgan Humphrey (Democrat, NY-30)John Van Schaick Lansing Pruyn (Democrat, NY-14)Stephen Taber (Democrat, NY-1)John Fox (Democrat, NY-4)John Morrissey (Democrat, NY-5)James Brooks (Democrat, NY-8)Fernando Wood (Democrat, NY-9)William Erigena Robinson (Democrat, NY-3)William Mungen (Democrat, OH-5)Philadelph Van Trump (Democrat, OH-12)Benjamin Markley Boyer (Democrat, PA-6)Charles Denison (Democrat, PA-12)Adam John Glossbrenner (Democrat, PA-15)Daniel Myers Van Auken (Democrat, PA-11)James Lawrence Getz (Democrat, PA-8)Samuel Jackson Randall (Democrat, PA-1)William Henry Hooper (Democrat, UT-AL)Charles Augustus Eldredge (Democrat, WI-4)Coles Bashford (Independent, AZ-AL)Charles Edward Phelps (Conservative, MD-3)Nathaniel Boyden (Conservative, NC-6)Charles P. Clever (?, NM-AL)Lewis Selye (Ind. Republican, NY-28)Thomas Elliott Stewart (Conservative Republican, NY-6)Samuel Fenton Cary (Ind. Republican, OH-2)Robert Ridgway (Whig, VA-AL)John Benton Callis (Republican, AL-5)Thomas Haughey (Republican, AL-6)Francis William Kellogg (Republican, AL-1)Benjamin White Norris (Republican, AL-3)Charles Wilson Pierce (Republican, AL-4)Charles Waldron Buckley (Republican, AL-2)James Thomas Elliott (Republican, AR-2)Logan Holt Roots (Republican, AR-1)Thomas Boles (Republican, AR-3)William Higby (Republican, CA-2)George Miles Chilcott (Republican, CO-AL)Henry Howard Starkweather (Republican, CT-3)Charles Memorial Hamilton (Republican, FL-1)Joseph Wales Clift (Republican, GA-1)William Posey Edwards (Republican, GA-3)Samuel Francis Gove (Republican, GA-4)Charles Henry Prince (Republican, GA-5)Grenville Mellen Dodge (Republican, IA-5)Asahel Wheeler Hubbard (Republican, IA-6)William Loughridge (Republican, IA-4)Hiram Price (Republican, IA-2)James Falconer Wilson (Republican, IA-1)William Boyd Allison (Republican, IA-3)Henry Pelham Holmes Bromwell (Republican, IL-7)Abner Clark Harding (Republican, IL-4)Green Berry Raum (Republican, IL-13)Ebon Clark Ingersoll (Republican, IL-5)Norman Buel Judd (Republican, IL-1)Elihu Benjamin Washburne (Republican, IL-3)Burton Chauncey Cook (Republican, IL-6)John Franklin Farnsworth (Republican, IL-2)John Alexander Logan (Republican, IL-AL)Jehu Baker (Republican, IL-12)Shelby Moore Cullom (Republican, IL-8)Schuyler Colfax (Republican, IN-9)Henry Dana Washburn (Republican, IN-7)George Washington Julian (Republican, IN-5)John Coburn (Republican, IN-6)John Peter Cleaver Shanks (Republican, IN-11)William Williams (Republican, IN-10)Morton Craig Hunter (Republican, IN-3)Godlove Stein Orth (Republican, IN-8)Sidney Clarke (Republican, KS-1)Samuel McKee (Republican, KY-9)William Jasper Blackburn (Republican, LA-5)Michel Vidal (Republican, LA-4)Joseph Parkinson Newsham (Republican, LA-3)Jacob Hale Sypher (Republican, LA-1)John Denison Baldwin (Republican, MA-8)Thomas Dawes Eliot (Republican, MA-1)Oakes Ames (Republican, MA-2)Ginery Twichell (Republican, MA-3)George Sewel Boutwell (Republican, MA-7)Samuel Hooper (Republican, MA-4)William Barrett Washburn (Republican, MA-9)Benjamin Franklin Butler (Republican, MA-5)Henry Laurens Dawes (Republican, MA-10)Nathaniel Prentice Banks (Republican, MA-6)Francis Thomas (Republican, MD-4)Sidney Perham (Republican, ME-2)Frederick Augustus Pike (Republican, ME-5)John Lynch (Republican, ME-1)John Andrew Peters (Republican, ME-4)James Gillespie Blaine (Republican, ME-3)John Fletcher Driggs (Republican, MI-6)Rowland Ebenezer Trowbridge (Republican, MI-5)Charles Upson (Republican, MI-2)Fernando Cortez Beaman (Republican, MI-1)Austin Blair (Republican, MI-3)Thomas White Ferry (Republican, MI-4)Ignatius Donnelly (Republican, MN-2)William Windom (Republican, MN-1)George Washington Anderson (Republican, MO-9)Joseph Jackson Gravely (Republican, MO-4)Benjamin Franklin Loan (Republican, MO-7)Joseph Washington McClurg (Republican, MO-5)Carman Adam Newcomb (Republican, MO-2)William Anderson Pile (Republican, MO-1)John Forbes Benjamin (Republican, MO-8)Robert Thompson Van Horn (Republican, MO-6)George Colin McKee (Republican, MS-AL)John Robert French (Republican, NC-1)John Thomas Deweese (Republican, NC-4)Oliver Hart Dockery (Republican, NC-3)David Heaton (Republican, NC-2)Alexander Hamilton Jones (Republican, NC-7)Israel George Lash (Republican, NC-5)Turner Mastin Marquette (Republican, NE-AL)John Taffe (Republican, NE-1)Jacob Benton (Republican, NH-3)Jacob Hart Ela (Republican, NH-1)Aaron Fletcher Stevens (Republican, NH-2)William Moore (Republican, NJ-1)George Armstrong Halsey (Republican, NJ-5)John Hill (Republican, NJ-4)Delos Rodeyn Ashley (Republican, NV-AL)William Craig Fields (Republican, NY-19)John Augustus Griswold (Republican, NY-15)Calvin Tilden Hulburd (Republican, NY-17)William Slosson Lincoln (Republican, NY-26)James Madison Marvin (Republican, NY-18)Theodore Medad Pomeroy (Republican, NY-24)William Henry Robertson (Republican, NY-10)Burt Van Horn (Republican, NY-29)Alexander Hamilton Bailey (Republican, NY-21)John Charles Churchill (Republican, NY-22)Orange Ferriss (Republican, NY-16)William Henry Kelsey (Republican, NY-25)Addison Henry Laflin (Republican, NY-20)Dennis McCarthy (Republican, NY-23)Hamilton Ward (Republican, NY-27)Thomas Cornell (Republican, NY-13)Henry Van Aernam (Republican, NY-31)Charles Henry Van Wyck (Republican, NY-11)John Henry Ketcham (Republican, NY-12)James Mitchell Ashley (Republican, OH-10)Ralph Pomeroy Buckland (Republican, OH-9)Reader Wright Clarke (Republican, OH-6)Columbus Delano (Republican, OH-13)Ephraim Ralph Eckley (Republican, OH-17)Benjamin Eggleston (Republican, OH-1)Cornelius Springer Hamilton (Republican, OH-8)Tobias Avery Plants (Republican, OH-15)Rufus Paine Spalding (Republican, OH-18)Robert Cumming Schenck (Republican, OH-3)Martin Welker (Republican, OH-14)John Armor Bingham (Republican, OH-16)Samuel Shellabarger (Republican, OH-7)John Thomas Wilson (Republican, OH-11)William Lawrence (Republican, OH-4)James Abram Garfield (Republican, OH-19)Rufus Mallory (Republican, OR-1)John Martin Broomall (Republican, PA-7)Darwin Asahel Finney (Republican, PA-20)William Henry Koontz (Republican, PA-16)George Funston Miller (Republican, PA-14)James Kennedy Moorhead (Republican, PA-22)Thaddeus Stevens (Republican, PA-9)Thomas Williams (Republican, PA-23)Stephen Fowler Wilson (Republican, PA-18)Henry Lutz Cake (Republican, PA-10)John Covode (Republican, PA-21)Daniel Johnson Morrell (Republican, PA-17)Caleb Newbold Taylor (Republican, PA-5)Ulysses Mercur (Republican, PA-13)Leonard Myers (Republican, PA-3)Glenni William Scofield (Republican, PA-19)George Van Eman Lawrence (Republican, PA-24)William Darrah Kelley (Republican, PA-4)Charles O’Neill (Republican, PA-2)Nathan Fellows Dixon (Republican, RI-2)Thomas Allen Jenckes (Republican, RI-1)Manuel Simeon Corley (Republican, SC-3)James Hamilton Goss (Republican, SC-4)Christopher Columbus Bowen (Republican, SC-2)Benjamin Franklin Whittemore (Republican, SC-1)James Mullins (Republican, TN-4)John Trimble (Republican, TN-5)Samuel Mayes Arnell (Republican, TN-6)Isaac Roberts Hawkins (Republican, TN-7)William Brickly Stokes (Republican, TN-3)Horace Maynard (Republican, TN-2)David Alexander Nunn (Republican, TN-8)Roderick Randum Butler (Republican, TN-1)Frederick Enoch Woodbridge (Republican, VT-1)Worthington Curtis Smith (Republican, VT-3)Luke Potter Poland (Republican, VT-2)Alvan Flanders (Republican, WA-AL)Amasa Cobb (Republican, WI-3)Benjamin Franklin Hopkins (Republican, WI-2)Halbert Eleazer Paine (Republican, WI-1)Cadwallader Colden Washburn (Republican, WI-6)Philetus Sawyer (Republican, WI-5)Chester Dorman Hubbard (Republican, WV-1)Bethuel Middleton Kitchen (Republican, WV-2)Daniel Haymond Polsley (Republican, WV-3)
Mar 3, 1877 · 182 D · 110 R · 5 I · 3 IR · 1 ID
Taul Bradford (Democrat, AL-3)John Henry Caldwell (Democrat, AL-5)Jeremiah Norman Williams (Democrat, AL-2)Burwell Boykin Lewis (Democrat, AL-AL)Goldsmith Whitehouse Hewitt (Democrat, AL-6)William Wallace Wilshire (Democrat, AR-3)Lucien Coatsworth Gause (Democrat, AR-1)William Ferguson Slemons (Democrat, AR-2)Thomas Montague Gunter (Democrat, AR-4)Hiram Sanford Stevens (Democrat, AZ-AL)William Adam Piper (Democrat, CA-1)John King Luttrell (Democrat, CA-3)Peter Dinwiddie Wigginton (Democrat, CA-4)Thomas MacDonald Patterson (Democrat, CO-AL)George Marcellus Landers (Democrat, CT-1)Levi Warner (Democrat, CT-4)James Phelps (Democrat, CT-2)James Williams (Democrat, DE-AL)Milton Anthony Candler (Democrat, GA-5)Julian Hartridge (Democrat, GA-1)Benjamin Harvey Hill (Democrat, GA-9)William Ephraim Smith (Democrat, GA-2)Philip Cook (Democrat, GA-3)Alexander Hamilton Stephens (Democrat, GA-8)Henry Richard Harris (Democrat, GA-4)James Henderson Blount (Democrat, GA-6)Lucien Lester Ainsworth (Democrat, IA-3)John Courts Bagby (Democrat, IL-10)Bernard Gregory Caulfield (Democrat, IL-1)John Valcoulon Le Moyne (Democrat, IL-3)Carter Henry Harrison (Democrat, IL-2)William Hartzell (Democrat, IL-18)Adlai Ewing Stevenson (Democrat, IL-13)William Andrew Jackson Sparks (Democrat, IL-16)John Rice Eden (Democrat, IL-15)William Ralls Morrison (Democrat, IL-17)Scott Wike (Democrat, IL-11)William McKendree Springer (Democrat, IL-12)Nathan Tracy Carr (Democrat, IN-3)William Summerville Haymond (Democrat, IN-10)Andrew Humphreys (Democrat, IN-2)Franklin Landers (Democrat, IN-7)Benoni Stinson Fuller (Democrat, IN-1)Andrew Holman Hamilton (Democrat, IN-12)Jeptha Dudley New (Democrat, IN-4)William Steele Holman (Democrat, IN-5)John Randolph Goodin (Democrat, KS-2)John Young Brown (Democrat, KY-2)Thomas Laurens Jones (Democrat, KY-6)Charles William Milliken (Democrat, KY-3)Edward Young Parsons (Democrat, KY-5)Andrew Rechmond Boone (Democrat, KY-1)John Blades Clarke (Democrat, KY-10)Milton Jameson Durham (Democrat, KY-8)James Proctor Knott (Democrat, KY-4)Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn (Democrat, KY-7)William Mallory Levy (Democrat, LA-4)Ezekiel John Ellis (Democrat, LA-2)Randall Lee Gibson (Democrat, LA-1)Josiah Gardner Abbott (Democrat, MA-4)Chester William Chapin (Democrat, MA-11)John Kemble Tarbox (Democrat, MA-7)Charles Perkins Thompson (Democrat, MA-6)William Wirt Warren (Democrat, MA-8)William James O’Brien (Democrat, MD-3)Phillip Francis Thomas (Democrat, MD-1)Charles Boyle Roberts (Democrat, MD-2)Thomas Swann (Democrat, MD-4)William Walsh (Democrat, MD-6)Eli Jones Henkle (Democrat, MD-5)George Harman Durand (Democrat, MI-6)Allen Potter (Democrat, MI-4)Alpheus Starkey Williams (Democrat, MI-1)Rezin A. De Bolt (Democrat, MO-10)Edward Charles Kehr (Democrat, MO-1)William Henry Stone (Democrat, MO-3)Benjamin Joseph Franklin (Democrat, MO-8)John Montgomery Glover (Democrat, MO-12)Robert Anthony Hatcher (Democrat, MO-4)David Rea (Democrat, MO-9)John Finis Philips (Democrat, MO-7)Erastus Wells (Democrat, MO-2)John Bullock Clark Jr. (Democrat, MO-11)Aylett Hawes Buckner (Democrat, MO-13)Richard Parks Bland (Democrat, MO-5)Charles Henry Morgan (Democrat, MO-6)Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (Democrat, MS-1)Otho Robards Singleton (Democrat, MS-4)Charles Edward Hooker (Democrat, MS-5)Hernando De Soto Money (Democrat, MS-3)Martin Maginnis (Democrat, MT-AL)Thomas Samuel Ashe (Democrat, NC-6)William McKendree Robbins (Democrat, NC-7)Alfred Moore Waddell (Democrat, NC-3)Joseph Jonathan Davis (Democrat, NC-4)Jesse Johnson Yeates (Democrat, NC-1)Alfred Moore Scales (Democrat, NC-5)Robert Brank Vance (Democrat, NC-8)Samuel Newell Bell (Democrat, NH-2)Frank Jones (Democrat, NH-1)Robert Hamilton (Democrat, NJ-4)Frederick Halstead Teese (Democrat, NJ-6)Augustus William Cutler (Democrat, NJ-5)Augustus Albert Hardenbergh (Democrat, NJ-7)Miles Ross (Democrat, NJ-3)Smith Ely Jr. (Democrat, NY-7)Scott Lord (Democrat, NY-23)Edwin Ruthven Meade (Democrat, NY-5)Henry Bleecker Metcalfe (Democrat, NY-1)Nathaniel Holmes Odell (Democrat, NY-12)John Godfrey Schumaker (Democrat, NY-2)Charles Christopher Brainerd Walker (Democrat, NY-29)Elijah Ward (Democrat, NY-8)John Osborne Whitehouse (Democrat, NY-13)George Monroe Beebe (Democrat, NY-14)Benjamin Albertson Willis (Democrat, NY-11)Fernando Wood (Democrat, NY-9)John Holroyd Bagley Jr. (Democrat, NY-15)Abram Stevens Hewitt (Democrat, NY-10)Archibald Meserole Bliss (Democrat, NY-4)Samuel Sullivan Cox (Democrat, NY-6)Jacob Pitzer Cowan (Democrat, OH-14)Lawrence Talbot Neal (Democrat, OH-7)Earley Franklin Poppleton (Democrat, OH-9)John Simpson Savage (Democrat, OH-3)John Luther Vance (Democrat, OH-11)Ansel Tracy Walling (Democrat, OH-12)Henry Blackstone Banning (Democrat, OH-2)Americus Vespucius Rice (Democrat, OH-5)Milton Sayler (Democrat, OH-1)Milton Isaiah Southard (Democrat, OH-13)John A. McMahon (Democrat, OH-4)Frank Hunt Hurd (Democrat, OH-6)Henry B. Payne (Democrat, OH-20)George Augustus La Dow (Democrat, OR-1)Alexander Gilmore Cochran (Democrat, PA-23)Albert Gallatin Egbert (Democrat, PA-27)George Augustus Jenks (Democrat, PA-25)Joseph Powell (Democrat, PA-15)John Reilly (Democrat, PA-17)John Robbins (Democrat, PA-5)James Sheakley (Democrat, PA-26)Francis Dolan Collins (Democrat, PA-11)Levi Augustus Mackey (Democrat, PA-20)William Shearer Stenger (Democrat, PA-18)Jacob Turney (Democrat, PA-21)Hiester Clymer (Democrat, PA-8)James Herron Hopkins (Democrat, PA-22)Levi Maish (Democrat, PA-19)Samuel Jackson Randall (Democrat, PA-3)William Mutchler (Democrat, PA-10)James Bernard Reilly (Democrat, PA-13)Samuel McClary Fite (Democrat, TN-4)William McFarland (Democrat, TN-1)William Parker Caldwell (Democrat, TN-9)John Morgan Bright (Democrat, TN-5)John DeWitt Clinton Atkins (Democrat, TN-8)John Ford House (Democrat, TN-6)George Gibbs Dibrell (Democrat, TN-3)Hiram Casey Young (Democrat, TN-10)Washington Curran Whitthorne (Democrat, TN-7)Gustave Schleicher (Democrat, TX-6)John Hancock (Democrat, TX-5)James Webb Throckmorton (Democrat, TX-3)John Henninger Reagan (Democrat, TX-1)Roger Quarles Mills (Democrat, TX-4)David Browning Culberson (Democrat, TX-2)Charles James Faulkner (Democrat, VA-AL)William Terry (Democrat, VA-9)Beverly Browne Douglas (Democrat, VA-1)Gilbert Carlton Walker (Democrat, VA-3)John Goode Jr. (Democrat, VA-2)John Thomas Harris (Democrat, VA-7)George Craighead Cabell (Democrat, VA-5)John Randolph Tucker (Democrat, VA-6)Eppa Hunton (Democrat, VA-8)Samuel Dickinson Burchard (Democrat, WI-5)George Washington Cate (Democrat, WI-8)William Pitt Lynde (Democrat, WI-4)Frank Hereford (Democrat, WV-3)Benjamin Wilson (Democrat, WV-1)William Randolph Steele (Democrat, WY-AL)Thomas Warren Bennett (Independent, ID-AL)William Black Anderson (Independent, IL-19)Alexander Campbell (Independent, IL-7)Julius Hawley Seelye (Independent, MA-10)Nathaniel Prentice Banks (Independent, MA-5)William Harrell Felton (Ind. Democrat, GA-7)Guilford Wiley Wells (Ind. Republican, MS-2)Simeon Baldwin Chittenden (Ind. Republican, NY-3)Dudley Chase Denison (Ind. Republican, VT-2)Jeremiah Haralson (Republican, AL-1)Charles Hays (Republican, AL-4)Horace Francis Page (Republican, CA-2)James Burns Belford (Republican, CO-1)Henry Howard Starkweather (Republican, CT-3)William James Purman (Republican, FL-1)Josiah Thomas Walls (Republican, FL-2)George Washington McCrary (Republican, IA-1)Henry Otis Pratt (Republican, IA-4)John Quincy Tufts (Republican, IA-2)Samuel Addison Oliver (Republican, IA-9)Ezekiel Silas Sampson (Republican, IA-6)James Wilson McDill (Republican, IA-8)John Adam Kasson (Republican, IA-7)James Wilson (Republican, IA-5)Stephen Augustus Hurlbut (Republican, IL-4)Richard Henry Whiting (Republican, IL-9)Horatio Chapin Burchard (Republican, IL-5)Greenbury Lafayette Fort (Republican, IL-8)Thomas Jefferson Henderson (Republican, IL-6)Joseph Gurney Cannon (Republican, IL-14)Thomas Jefferson Cason (Republican, IN-9)James La Fayette Evans (Republican, IN-11)Morton Craig Hunter (Republican, IN-8)Milton Stapp Robinson (Republican, IN-6)John Harris Baker (Republican, IN-13)William Ripley Brown (Republican, KS-3)William Addison Phillips (Republican, KS-1)John Daugherty White (Republican, KY-9)Frank Morey (Republican, LA-5)Charles Edmund Nash (Republican, LA-6)Chester Bidwell Darrall (Republican, LA-3)James Buffinton (Republican, MA-1)Henry Lillie Pierce (Republican, MA-3)Benjamin Winslow Harris (Republican, MA-2)George Frisbie Hoar (Republican, MA-9)John Holmes Burleigh (Republican, ME-1)Samuel Freeman Hersey (Republican, ME-AL)Harris Merrill Plaisted (Republican, ME-4)Eugene Hale (Republican, ME-5)William Pierce Frye (Republican, ME-2)Edwin Flye (Republican, ME-3)Nathan Ball Bradley (Republican, MI-8)Henry Waldron (Republican, MI-2)George Willard (Republican, MI-3)William Brewster Williams (Republican, MI-5)Omar Dwight Conger (Republican, MI-7)Jay Abel Hubbell (Republican, MI-9)William Smith King (Republican, MN-3)Horace Burton Strait (Republican, MN-2)Mark Hill Dunnell (Republican, MN-1)John Roy Lynch (Republican, MS-6)John Adams Hyman (Republican, NC-2)Lorenzo Crounse (Republican, NE-1)Henry William Blair (Republican, NH-3)Samuel Atkinson Dobbins (Republican, NJ-2)Clement Hall Sinnickson (Republican, NJ-1)Stephen Benton Elkins (Republican, NM-AL)William Woodburn (Republican, NV-AL)Charles Henry Adams (Republican, NY-16)Lyman Kidder Bass (Republican, NY-32)John Madison Davy (Republican, NY-30)Henry Harrison Hathorn (Republican, NY-20)George Gilbert Hoskins (Republican, NY-31)Elias Warner Leavenworth (Republican, NY-25)Clinton Dugald MacDougall (Republican, NY-26)Samuel Franklin Miller (Republican, NY-21)Nelson Ira Norton (Republican, NY-33)William Almon Wheeler (Republican, NY-19)George Augustus Bagley (Republican, NY-22)William Henry Baker (Republican, NY-24)Martin Ingham Townsend (Republican, NY-17)Andrew Williams (Republican, NY-18)Elbridge Gerry Lapham (Republican, NY-27)Thomas Collier Platt (Republican, NY-28)William Lawrence (Republican, OH-8)Laurin Dewey Woodworth (Republican, OH-17)Charles Foster (Republican, OH-10)Nelson Holmes Van Vorhes (Republican, OH-15)James Monroe (Republican, OH-18)James Abram Garfield (Republican, OH-19)Lorenzo Danford (Republican, OH-16)Winthrop Welles Ketchum (Republican, PA-12)John Black Packer (Republican, PA-14)Sobieski Ross (Republican, PA-16)Washington Townsend (Republican, PA-6)John Winfield Wallace (Republican, PA-24)Alan Wood Jr. (Republican, PA-7)Chapman Freeman (Republican, PA-1)Abraham Herr Smith (Republican, PA-9)William Darrah Kelley (Republican, PA-4)Charles O’Neill (Republican, PA-2)Benjamin Tucker Eames (Republican, RI-1)Latimer Whipple Ballou (Republican, RI-2)Charles Wilson Buttz (Republican, SC-2)Solomon Lafayette Hoge (Republican, SC-3)Alexander Stuart Wallace (Republican, SC-4)Joseph Hayne Rainey (Republican, SC-1)Robert Smalls (Republican, SC-5)Jacob Montgomery Thornburgh (Republican, TN-2)George Quayle Cannon (Republican, UT-AL)William Henry Harrison Stowell (Republican, VA-4)George Whitman Hendee (Republican, VT-3)Charles Herbert Joyce (Republican, VT-1)Orange Jacobs (Republican, WA-AL)Alanson Mellen Kimball (Republican, WI-6)Henry Sterling Magoon (Republican, WI-3)Jeremiah McLain Rusk (Republican, WI-7)Charles Grandison Williams (Republican, WI-1)Lucien Bonaparte Caswell (Republican, WI-2)
288 new members · 222 departed · 13 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 48 → 48
39 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alabama 0 D · 6 R
Alabama 5 D · 2 R
Arkansas 0 D · 3 R
Arkansas 4 D · 0 R
Arizona 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Arizona 1 D · 0 R
California 2 D · 1 R
California 3 D · 1 R
Colorado 0 D · 1 R
Colorado 1 D · 1 R
Florida 0 D · 1 R
Florida 0 D · 2 R
Georgia 2 D · 4 R
Georgia 8 D · 0 R · 1 other
Iowa 0 D · 6 R
Iowa 1 D · 8 R
Idaho 1 D · 0 R
Idaho 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Illinois 3 D · 11 R
Illinois 11 D · 6 R · 2 other
Indiana 3 D · 8 R
Indiana 8 D · 5 R
Kansas 0 D · 1 R
Kansas 1 D · 2 R
Kentucky 8 D · 1 R
Kentucky 9 D · 1 R
Louisiana 1 D · 4 R
Louisiana 3 D · 3 R
Massachusetts 0 D · 10 R
Massachusetts 5 D · 4 R · 2 other
Maryland 3 D · 1 R · 1 other
Maryland 6 D · 0 R
Maine 0 D · 5 R
Maine 0 D · 6 R
Michigan 0 D · 6 R
Michigan 3 D · 6 R
Minnesota 0 D · 2 R
Minnesota 0 D · 3 R
Missouri 1 D · 8 R
Missouri 13 D · 0 R
Mississippi 0 D · 1 R
Mississippi 4 D · 1 R · 1 other
North Carolina 0 D · 6 R · 1 other
North Carolina 7 D · 1 R
Nebraska 0 D · 2 R
Nebraska 0 D · 1 R
New Hampshire 0 D · 3 R
New Hampshire 2 D · 1 R
New Jersey 2 D · 3 R
New Jersey 5 D · 2 R
New Mexico 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
New Mexico 0 D · 1 R
New York 10 D · 19 R · 2 other
New York 16 D · 16 R · 1 other
Ohio 2 D · 16 R · 1 other
Ohio 13 D · 7 R
Oregon 0 D · 1 R
Oregon 1 D · 0 R
Pennsylvania 6 D · 18 R
Pennsylvania 17 D · 10 R
South Carolina 0 D · 4 R
South Carolina 0 D · 5 R
Tennessee 0 D · 8 R
Tennessee 9 D · 1 R
Texas 0 D · 0 R
Texas 6 D · 0 R
Utah 1 D · 0 R
Utah 0 D · 1 R
Virginia 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Virginia 9 D · 1 R
Vermont 0 D · 3 R
Vermont 0 D · 2 R · 1 other
Wisconsin 1 D · 5 R
Wisconsin 3 D · 5 R
West Virginia 0 D · 3 R
West Virginia 2 D · 0 R
Wyoming 0 D · 0 R
Wyoming 1 D · 0 R
Who joined and who left (288 in · 222 out)
Taul Bradford D
Alabama-3
John Henry Caldwell D
Alabama-5
Jeremiah Haralson R
Alabama-1
Charles Hays R
Alabama-4
Jeremiah Norman Williams D
Alabama-2
Burwell Boykin Lewis D
Alabama-AL
Goldsmith Whitehouse Hewitt D
Alabama-6
William Wallace Wilshire D
Arkansas-3
Lucien Coatsworth Gause D
Arkansas-1
William Ferguson Slemons D
Arkansas-2
Thomas Montague Gunter D
Arkansas-4
Hiram Sanford Stevens D
Arizona-AL
William Adam Piper D
California-1
John King Luttrell D
California-3
Peter Dinwiddie Wigginton D
California-4
Horace Francis Page R
California-2
James Burns Belford R
Colorado-1
Thomas MacDonald Patterson D
Colorado-AL
George Marcellus Landers D
Connecticut-1
Levi Warner D
Connecticut-4
James Phelps D
Connecticut-2
James Williams D
Delaware-AL
William James Purman R
Florida-1
Josiah Thomas Walls R
Florida-2
Milton Anthony Candler D
Georgia-5
Julian Hartridge D
Georgia-1
Benjamin Harvey Hill D
Georgia-9
William Harrell Felton ID
Georgia-7
William Ephraim Smith D
Georgia-2
Philip Cook D
Georgia-3
Alexander Hamilton Stephens D
Georgia-8
Henry Richard Harris D
Georgia-4
James Henderson Blount D
Georgia-6
Lucien Lester Ainsworth D
Iowa-3
George Washington McCrary R
Iowa-1
Henry Otis Pratt R
Iowa-4
John Quincy Tufts R
Iowa-2
Samuel Addison Oliver R
Iowa-9
Ezekiel Silas Sampson R
Iowa-6
James Wilson McDill R
Iowa-8
John Adam Kasson R
Iowa-7
James Wilson R
Iowa-5
Thomas Warren Bennett I
Idaho-AL
William Black Anderson I
Illinois-19
John Courts Bagby D
Illinois-10
Alexander Campbell I
Illinois-7
Bernard Gregory Caulfield D
Illinois-1
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut R
Illinois-4
John Valcoulon Le Moyne D
Illinois-3
Richard Henry Whiting R
Illinois-9
Horatio Chapin Burchard R
Illinois-5
Carter Henry Harrison D
Illinois-2
William Hartzell D
Illinois-18
Greenbury Lafayette Fort R
Illinois-8
Adlai Ewing Stevenson D
Illinois-13
William Andrew Jackson Sparks D
Illinois-16
John Rice Eden D
Illinois-15
William Ralls Morrison D
Illinois-17
Scott Wike D
Illinois-11
Thomas Jefferson Henderson R
Illinois-6
William McKendree Springer D
Illinois-12
Joseph Gurney Cannon R
Illinois-14
Nathan Tracy Carr D
Indiana-3
Thomas Jefferson Cason R
Indiana-9
William Summerville Haymond D
Indiana-10
Andrew Humphreys D
Indiana-2
Franklin Landers D
Indiana-7
James La Fayette Evans R
Indiana-11
Benoni Stinson Fuller D
Indiana-1
Andrew Holman Hamilton D
Indiana-12
Milton Stapp Robinson R
Indiana-6
John Harris Baker R
Indiana-13
Jeptha Dudley New D
Indiana-4
William Ripley Brown R
Kansas-3
John Randolph Goodin D
Kansas-2
William Addison Phillips R
Kansas-1
Charles William Milliken D
Kentucky-3
Edward Young Parsons D
Kentucky-5
Andrew Rechmond Boone D
Kentucky-1
John Blades Clarke D
Kentucky-10
Milton Jameson Durham D
Kentucky-8
John Daugherty White R
Kentucky-9
Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn D
Kentucky-7
William Mallory Levy D
Louisiana-4
Frank Morey R
Louisiana-5
Charles Edmund Nash R
Louisiana-6
Chester Bidwell Darrall R
Louisiana-3
Ezekiel John Ellis D
Louisiana-2
Randall Lee Gibson D
Louisiana-1
Josiah Gardner Abbott D
Massachusetts-4
James Buffinton R
Massachusetts-1
Chester William Chapin D
Massachusetts-11
Henry Lillie Pierce R
Massachusetts-3
Julius Hawley Seelye I
Massachusetts-10
John Kemble Tarbox D
Massachusetts-7
Charles Perkins Thompson D
Massachusetts-6
William Wirt Warren D
Massachusetts-8
Benjamin Winslow Harris R
Massachusetts-2
George Frisbie Hoar R
Massachusetts-9
William James O’Brien D
Maryland-3
Phillip Francis Thomas D
Maryland-1
Charles Boyle Roberts D
Maryland-2
Thomas Swann D
Maryland-4
William Walsh D
Maryland-6
Eli Jones Henkle D
Maryland-5
John Holmes Burleigh R
Maine-1
Samuel Freeman Hersey R
Maine-AL
Harris Merrill Plaisted R
Maine-4
Eugene Hale R
Maine-5
William Pierce Frye R
Maine-2
Edwin Flye R
Maine-3
Nathan Ball Bradley R
Michigan-8
George Harman Durand D
Michigan-6
Allen Potter D
Michigan-4
Henry Waldron R
Michigan-2
George Willard R
Michigan-3
William Brewster Williams R
Michigan-5
Alpheus Starkey Williams D
Michigan-1
Omar Dwight Conger R
Michigan-7
Jay Abel Hubbell R
Michigan-9
William Smith King R
Minnesota-3
Horace Burton Strait R
Minnesota-2
Mark Hill Dunnell R
Minnesota-1
Rezin A. De Bolt D
Missouri-10
Edward Charles Kehr D
Missouri-1
William Henry Stone D
Missouri-3
Benjamin Joseph Franklin D
Missouri-8
John Montgomery Glover D
Missouri-12
Robert Anthony Hatcher D
Missouri-4
David Rea D
Missouri-9
John Finis Philips D
Missouri-7
Erastus Wells D
Missouri-2
John Bullock Clark Jr. D
Missouri-11
Aylett Hawes Buckner D
Missouri-13
Richard Parks Bland D
Missouri-5
Charles Henry Morgan D
Missouri-6
Guilford Wiley Wells IR
Mississippi-2
John Roy Lynch R
Mississippi-6
Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar D
Mississippi-1
Otho Robards Singleton D
Mississippi-4
Charles Edward Hooker D
Mississippi-5
Hernando De Soto Money D
Mississippi-3
Martin Maginnis D
Montana-AL
Thomas Samuel Ashe D
North Carolina-6
John Adams Hyman R
North Carolina-2
William McKendree Robbins D
North Carolina-7
Alfred Moore Waddell D
North Carolina-3
Joseph Jonathan Davis D
North Carolina-4
Jesse Johnson Yeates D
North Carolina-1
Alfred Moore Scales D
North Carolina-5
Robert Brank Vance D
North Carolina-8
Lorenzo Crounse R
Nebraska-1
Samuel Newell Bell D
New Hampshire-2
Frank Jones D
New Hampshire-1
Henry William Blair R
New Hampshire-3
Samuel Atkinson Dobbins R
New Jersey-2
Robert Hamilton D
New Jersey-4
Frederick Halstead Teese D
New Jersey-6
Augustus William Cutler D
New Jersey-5
Clement Hall Sinnickson R
New Jersey-1
Augustus Albert Hardenbergh D
New Jersey-7
Miles Ross D
New Jersey-3
Stephen Benton Elkins R
New Mexico-AL
William Woodburn R
Nevada-AL
Charles Henry Adams R
New York-16
Lyman Kidder Bass R
New York-32
John Madison Davy R
New York-30
Smith Ely Jr. D
New York-7
Henry Harrison Hathorn R
New York-20
George Gilbert Hoskins R
New York-31
Elias Warner Leavenworth R
New York-25
Scott Lord D
New York-23
Clinton Dugald MacDougall R
New York-26
Edwin Ruthven Meade D
New York-5
Henry Bleecker Metcalfe D
New York-1
Samuel Franklin Miller R
New York-21
Nelson Ira Norton R
New York-33
Nathaniel Holmes Odell D
New York-12
John Godfrey Schumaker D
New York-2
Charles Christopher Brainerd Walker D
New York-29
Elijah Ward D
New York-8
William Almon Wheeler R
New York-19
John Osborne Whitehouse D
New York-13
George Augustus Bagley R
New York-22
William Henry Baker R
New York-24
George Monroe Beebe D
New York-14
Martin Ingham Townsend R
New York-17
Andrew Williams R
New York-18
Benjamin Albertson Willis D
New York-11
Simeon Baldwin Chittenden IR
New York-3
Elbridge Gerry Lapham R
New York-27
John Holroyd Bagley Jr. D
New York-15
Abram Stevens Hewitt D
New York-10
Archibald Meserole Bliss D
New York-4
Samuel Sullivan Cox D
New York-6
Thomas Collier Platt R
New York-28
Jacob Pitzer Cowan D
Ohio-14
Lawrence Talbot Neal D
Ohio-7
Earley Franklin Poppleton D
Ohio-9
John Simpson Savage D
Ohio-3
John Luther Vance D
Ohio-11
Ansel Tracy Walling D
Ohio-12
Laurin Dewey Woodworth R
Ohio-17
Henry Blackstone Banning D
Ohio-2
Charles Foster R
Ohio-10
Americus Vespucius Rice D
Ohio-5
Milton Sayler D
Ohio-1
Milton Isaiah Southard D
Ohio-13
Nelson Holmes Van Vorhes R
Ohio-15
John A. McMahon D
Ohio-4
James Monroe R
Ohio-18
Frank Hunt Hurd D
Ohio-6
Henry B. Payne D
Ohio-20
Lorenzo Danford R
Ohio-16
George Augustus La Dow D
Oregon-1
Alexander Gilmore Cochran D
Pennsylvania-23
Albert Gallatin Egbert D
Pennsylvania-27
George Augustus Jenks D
Pennsylvania-25
Winthrop Welles Ketchum R
Pennsylvania-12
John Black Packer R
Pennsylvania-14
Joseph Powell D
Pennsylvania-15
John Reilly D
Pennsylvania-17
John Robbins D
Pennsylvania-5
Sobieski Ross R
Pennsylvania-16
James Sheakley D
Pennsylvania-26
Washington Townsend R
Pennsylvania-6
John Winfield Wallace R
Pennsylvania-24
Alan Wood Jr. R
Pennsylvania-7
Francis Dolan Collins D
Pennsylvania-11
Chapman Freeman R
Pennsylvania-1
Levi Augustus Mackey D
Pennsylvania-20
William Shearer Stenger D
Pennsylvania-18
Jacob Turney D
Pennsylvania-21
Hiester Clymer D
Pennsylvania-8
James Herron Hopkins D
Pennsylvania-22
Abraham Herr Smith R
Pennsylvania-9
Levi Maish D
Pennsylvania-19
William Mutchler D
Pennsylvania-10
James Bernard Reilly D
Pennsylvania-13
Benjamin Tucker Eames R
Rhode Island-1
Latimer Whipple Ballou R
Rhode Island-2
Charles Wilson Buttz R
South Carolina-2
Solomon Lafayette Hoge R
South Carolina-3
Alexander Stuart Wallace R
South Carolina-4
Joseph Hayne Rainey R
South Carolina-1
Robert Smalls R
South Carolina-5
Samuel McClary Fite D
Tennessee-4
William McFarland D
Tennessee-1
William Parker Caldwell D
Tennessee-9
Jacob Montgomery Thornburgh R
Tennessee-2
John Morgan Bright D
Tennessee-5
John DeWitt Clinton Atkins D
Tennessee-8
John Ford House D
Tennessee-6
George Gibbs Dibrell D
Tennessee-3
Hiram Casey Young D
Tennessee-10
Washington Curran Whitthorne D
Tennessee-7
Gustave Schleicher D
Texas-6
John Hancock D
Texas-5
James Webb Throckmorton D
Texas-3
John Henninger Reagan D
Texas-1
Roger Quarles Mills D
Texas-4
David Browning Culberson D
Texas-2
George Quayle Cannon R
Utah-AL
Charles James Faulkner D
Virginia-AL
William Henry Harrison Stowell R
Virginia-4
William Terry D
Virginia-9
Beverly Browne Douglas D
Virginia-1
Gilbert Carlton Walker D
Virginia-3
John Goode Jr. D
Virginia-2
John Thomas Harris D
Virginia-7
George Craighead Cabell D
Virginia-5
John Randolph Tucker D
Virginia-6
Eppa Hunton D
Virginia-8
Dudley Chase Denison IR
Vermont-2
George Whitman Hendee R
Vermont-3
Charles Herbert Joyce R
Vermont-1
Orange Jacobs R
Washington-AL
Samuel Dickinson Burchard D
Wisconsin-5
George Washington Cate D
Wisconsin-8
Alanson Mellen Kimball R
Wisconsin-6
Henry Sterling Magoon R
Wisconsin-3
Jeremiah McLain Rusk R
Wisconsin-7
William Pitt Lynde D
Wisconsin-4
Charles Grandison Williams R
Wisconsin-1
Lucien Bonaparte Caswell R
Wisconsin-2
Frank Hereford D
West Virginia-3
Benjamin Wilson D
West Virginia-1
William Randolph Steele D
Wyoming-AL
John Benton Callis R
Alabama-5
Thomas Haughey R
Alabama-6
Francis William Kellogg R
Alabama-1
Benjamin White Norris R
Alabama-3
Charles Wilson Pierce R
Alabama-4
Charles Waldron Buckley R
Alabama-2
James Thomas Elliott R
Arkansas-2
Logan Holt Roots R
Arkansas-1
Thomas Boles R
Arkansas-3
Coles Bashford I
Arizona-AL
William Higby R
California-2
Samuel Beach Axtell D
California-1
James Augustus Johnson D
California-3
George Miles Chilcott R
Colorado-AL
Julius Hotchkiss D
Connecticut-2
Richard Dudley Hubbard D
Connecticut-1
William Henry Barnum D
Connecticut-4
John Anthony Nicholson D
Delaware-AL
Charles Memorial Hamilton R
Florida-1
Joseph Wales Clift R
Georgia-1
William Posey Edwards R
Georgia-3
Samuel Francis Gove R
Georgia-4
Charles Henry Prince R
Georgia-5
Nelson Tift D
Georgia-2
Pierce Manning Butler Young D
Georgia-7
Grenville Mellen Dodge R
Iowa-5
Asahel Wheeler Hubbard R
Iowa-6
William Loughridge R
Iowa-4
Hiram Price R
Iowa-2
James Falconer Wilson R
Iowa-1
William Boyd Allison R
Iowa-3
Edward Dexter Holbrook D
Idaho-AL
Henry Pelham Holmes Bromwell R
Illinois-7
Abner Clark Harding R
Illinois-4
Green Berry Raum R
Illinois-13
Lewis Winans Ross D
Illinois-9
Albert George Burr D
Illinois-10
Ebon Clark Ingersoll R
Illinois-5
Norman Buel Judd R
Illinois-1
Elihu Benjamin Washburne R
Illinois-3
Burton Chauncey Cook R
Illinois-6
John Franklin Farnsworth R
Illinois-2
Samuel Scott Marshall D
Illinois-11
John Alexander Logan R
Illinois-AL
Jehu Baker R
Illinois-12
Shelby Moore Cullom R
Illinois-8
Schuyler Colfax R
Indiana-9
Henry Dana Washburn R
Indiana-7
George Washington Julian R
Indiana-5
John Coburn R
Indiana-6
William Ellis Niblack D
Indiana-1
John Peter Cleaver Shanks R
Indiana-11
William Williams R
Indiana-10
Michael Crawford Kerr D
Indiana-2
Godlove Stein Orth R
Indiana-8
Sidney Clarke R
Kansas-1
Asa Porter Grover D
Kentucky-5
Elijah Hise D
Kentucky-3
Samuel McKee R
Kentucky-9
Lawrence Strother Trimble D
Kentucky-1
George Madison Adams D
Kentucky-8
James Burnie Beck D
Kentucky-7
William Jasper Blackburn R
Louisiana-5
James Mann D
Louisiana-2
Michel Vidal R
Louisiana-4
Joseph Parkinson Newsham R
Louisiana-3
Jacob Hale Sypher R
Louisiana-1
John Denison Baldwin R
Massachusetts-8
Thomas Dawes Eliot R
Massachusetts-1
Oakes Ames R
Massachusetts-2
Ginery Twichell R
Massachusetts-3
George Sewel Boutwell R
Massachusetts-7
Samuel Hooper R
Massachusetts-4
William Barrett Washburn R
Massachusetts-9
Benjamin Franklin Butler R
Massachusetts-5
Henry Laurens Dawes R
Massachusetts-10
Hiram McCullough D
Maryland-1
Charles Edward Phelps C
Maryland-3
Francis Thomas R
Maryland-4
Frederick Stone D
Maryland-5
Stevenson Archer D
Maryland-2
Sidney Perham R
Maine-2
Frederick Augustus Pike R
Maine-5
John Lynch R
Maine-1
John Andrew Peters R
Maine-4
James Gillespie Blaine R
Maine-3
John Fletcher Driggs R
Michigan-6
Rowland Ebenezer Trowbridge R
Michigan-5
Charles Upson R
Michigan-2
Fernando Cortez Beaman R
Michigan-1
Austin Blair R
Michigan-3
Thomas White Ferry R
Michigan-4
Ignatius Donnelly R
Minnesota-2
William Windom R
Minnesota-1
George Washington Anderson R
Missouri-9
Joseph Jackson Gravely R
Missouri-4
Benjamin Franklin Loan R
Missouri-7
Joseph Washington McClurg R
Missouri-5
Carman Adam Newcomb R
Missouri-2
Thomas Estes Noell D
Missouri-3
William Anderson Pile R
Missouri-1
John Forbes Benjamin R
Missouri-8
Robert Thompson Van Horn R
Missouri-6
George Colin McKee R
Mississippi-AL
James Michael Cavanaugh D
Montana-AL
Nathaniel Boyden C
North Carolina-6
John Robert French R
North Carolina-1
John Thomas Deweese R
North Carolina-4
Oliver Hart Dockery R
North Carolina-3
David Heaton R
North Carolina-2
Alexander Hamilton Jones R
North Carolina-7
Israel George Lash R
North Carolina-5
Turner Mastin Marquette R
Nebraska-AL
John Taffe R
Nebraska-1
Jacob Benton R
New Hampshire-3
Jacob Hart Ela R
New Hampshire-1
Aaron Fletcher Stevens R
New Hampshire-2
Charles Sitgreaves D
New Jersey-3
Charles Haight D
New Jersey-2
William Moore R
New Jersey-1
George Armstrong Halsey R
New Jersey-5
John Hill R
New Jersey-4
Charles P. Clever
New Mexico-AL
Delos Rodeyn Ashley R
Nevada-AL
Demas Barnes D
New York-2
John Winthrop Chanler D
New York-7
William Craig Fields R
New York-19
John Augustus Griswold R
New York-15
Calvin Tilden Hulburd R
New York-17
James Morgan Humphrey D
New York-30
William Slosson Lincoln R
New York-26
James Madison Marvin R
New York-18
Theodore Medad Pomeroy R
New York-24
John Van Schaick Lansing Pruyn D
New York-14
William Henry Robertson R
New York-10
Lewis Selye IR
New York-28
Thomas Elliott Stewart CR
New York-6
Stephen Taber D
New York-1
Burt Van Horn R
New York-29
Alexander Hamilton Bailey R
New York-21
John Charles Churchill R
New York-22
Orange Ferriss R
New York-16
John Fox D
New York-4
William Henry Kelsey R
New York-25
Addison Henry Laflin R
New York-20
Dennis McCarthy R
New York-23
John Morrissey D
New York-5
Hamilton Ward R
New York-27
James Brooks D
New York-8
Thomas Cornell R
New York-13
Henry Van Aernam R
New York-31
Charles Henry Van Wyck R
New York-11
William Erigena Robinson D
New York-3
John Henry Ketcham R
New York-12
James Mitchell Ashley R
Ohio-10
Ralph Pomeroy Buckland R
Ohio-9
Samuel Fenton Cary IR
Ohio-2
Reader Wright Clarke R
Ohio-6
Columbus Delano R
Ohio-13
Ephraim Ralph Eckley R
Ohio-17
Benjamin Eggleston R
Ohio-1
Cornelius Springer Hamilton R
Ohio-8
Tobias Avery Plants R
Ohio-15
Rufus Paine Spalding R
Ohio-18
William Mungen D
Ohio-5
Robert Cumming Schenck R
Ohio-3
Martin Welker R
Ohio-14
John Armor Bingham R
Ohio-16
Samuel Shellabarger R
Ohio-7
Philadelph Van Trump D
Ohio-12
John Thomas Wilson R
Ohio-11
Rufus Mallory R
Oregon-1
Benjamin Markley Boyer D
Pennsylvania-6
John Martin Broomall R
Pennsylvania-7
Charles Denison D
Pennsylvania-12
Darwin Asahel Finney R
Pennsylvania-20
Adam John Glossbrenner D
Pennsylvania-15
William Henry Koontz R
Pennsylvania-16
George Funston Miller R
Pennsylvania-14
James Kennedy Moorhead R
Pennsylvania-22
Thaddeus Stevens R
Pennsylvania-9
Thomas Williams R
Pennsylvania-23
Stephen Fowler Wilson R
Pennsylvania-18
Henry Lutz Cake R
Pennsylvania-10
John Covode R
Pennsylvania-21
Daniel Johnson Morrell R
Pennsylvania-17
Caleb Newbold Taylor R
Pennsylvania-5
Daniel Myers Van Auken D
Pennsylvania-11
James Lawrence Getz D
Pennsylvania-8
Ulysses Mercur R
Pennsylvania-13
Leonard Myers R
Pennsylvania-3
Glenni William Scofield R
Pennsylvania-19
George Van Eman Lawrence R
Pennsylvania-24
Nathan Fellows Dixon R
Rhode Island-2
Thomas Allen Jenckes R
Rhode Island-1
Manuel Simeon Corley R
South Carolina-3
James Hamilton Goss R
South Carolina-4
Christopher Columbus Bowen R
South Carolina-2
Benjamin Franklin Whittemore R
South Carolina-1
James Mullins R
Tennessee-4
John Trimble R
Tennessee-5
Samuel Mayes Arnell R
Tennessee-6
Isaac Roberts Hawkins R
Tennessee-7
William Brickly Stokes R
Tennessee-3
Horace Maynard R
Tennessee-2
David Alexander Nunn R
Tennessee-8
Roderick Randum Butler R
Tennessee-1
William Henry Hooper D
Utah-AL
Robert Ridgway W
Virginia-AL
Frederick Enoch Woodbridge R
Vermont-1
Worthington Curtis Smith R
Vermont-3
Luke Potter Poland R
Vermont-2
Alvan Flanders R
Washington-AL
Amasa Cobb R
Wisconsin-3
Benjamin Franklin Hopkins R
Wisconsin-2
Halbert Eleazer Paine R
Wisconsin-1
Cadwallader Colden Washburn R
Wisconsin-6
Charles Augustus Eldredge D
Wisconsin-4
Philetus Sawyer R
Wisconsin-5
Chester Dorman Hubbard R
West Virginia-1
Bethuel Middleton Kitchen R
West Virginia-2
Daniel Haymond Polsley R
West Virginia-3
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+32Congress.gov ↗
Complete lists of public laws start with the 93rd Congress (Jan 3, 1973). Earlier years show notable and landmark acts only.
32 laws recorded · 0 landmark · 32 notable
Public Credit Act of 1869
Ch. 1, Sess. 1, 41st Cong. · Mar 18, 1869
Judiciary Act of 1869 (Circuit Judges Act of 1869)
Ch. 22, Sess. 1, 41st Cong. · Apr 10, 1869
Enforcement Act of 1870 (Civil Rights Act of 1870)
Ch. 114, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · May 31, 1870
Department of Justice Act
Ch. 150, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jun 22, 1870
An Act to reorganize the Marine Hospital Service
Ch. 169, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jun 29, 1870
Copyright Act of 1870
Ch. 230, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jul 8, 1870
Currency Act of 1870
Ch. 252, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jul 12, 1870
Naturalization Act of 1870
Ch. 254, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jul 14, 1870
Funding Act of 1870
Ch. 256, Sess. 2, 41st Cong. · Jul 14, 1870
District of Columbia Organic Act of 1871
Pub. L. 41-62 · Feb 21, 1871
Show 22 more notable laws
Enforcement Act of 1871
Apr 20, 1871
Third Enforcement Act (Civil Rights Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act)
Ch. 22, Sess. 1, 42nd Cong. · Apr 20, 1871
Yellowstone National Park founded
Mar 1, 1872
Yellowstone Act
Ch. 24, Sess. 2, 42nd Cong. · Mar 1, 1872
General Mining Act of 1872
Ch. 152, Sess. 2, 42nd Cong. · May 10, 1872
Amnesty Act
Ch. 193, Sess. 2, 42nd Cong. · May 22, 1872
Amnesty Act of 1872
May 23, 1872
Practice Conformity Act (precursor to the Rules Enabling Act)
Ch. 255, Sess. 2, 42nd Cong. · Jun 1, 1872
Post Office Consolidation Act of 1872
Ch. 335, Sess. 2, 42nd Cong. · Jun 8, 1872
Coinage Act of 1873
Ch. 131, Sess. 3, 42nd Cong. · Feb 12, 1873
Comstock Act
Mar 3, 1873
Salary Grab Act (so called)
Mar 3, 1873
Comstock Act of 1873
Ch. 258, Sess. 3, 42nd Cong. · Mar 3, 1873
Timber Culture Act
Ch. 277, Sess. 3, 42nd Cong. · Mar 3, 1873
Revised Statutes of the United States
Jun 22, 1874
Poland Act
Ch. 469, Sess. 1, 43rd Cong. · Jun 23, 1874
Specie Payment Resumption Act
Ch. 15, Sess. 2, 43rd Cong. · Jan 14, 1875
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Ch. 114, Sess. 2, 43rd Cong. · Mar 1, 1875
Tariff of 1875
18 Stat. 469 · Mar 3, 1875
Page Act of 1875
Ch. 141, Sess. 2, 43rd Cong. · Mar 3, 1875
Electoral Commission Act
Ch. 37, 44th Cong. · Jan 29, 1877
Desert Land Act
Ch. 107, 44th Cong. · Mar 3, 1877

Judicial3 files+1,597−3

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
+4−3Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 5 R · 2 D · 1 W → 8 R · 1 D · every justice ↗
Samuel Nelson W
appointed by John Tyler · 1845
Robert Cooper Grier D
appointed by James K. Polk · 1846
Salmon Portland Chase R
appointed by Abraham Lincoln · 1864
William Strong R
appointed by Ulysses Grant · 1870
Joseph P. Bradley R
appointed by Ulysses Grant · 1870
Ward Hunt R
appointed by Ulysses Grant · 1872
Morrison Remick Waite R
appointed by Ulysses Grant · 1874
5 justices served on both dates
Nathan Clifford D
appointed by James Buchanan · 1858
Noah Haynes Swayne R
appointed by Abraham Lincoln · 1862
Samuel Freeman Miller R
appointed by Abraham Lincoln · 1862
David Davis R
appointed by Abraham Lincoln · 1862
Stephen Johnson Field R
appointed by Abraham Lincoln · 1863
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+53Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): →
District courts (active judges): 24 R · 23 D · 8 N( · 1 JR · 1 W → 41 R · 18 D · 3 N(
Ulysses Grant R appointed 50 judges
4 Supreme Court · 34 district · 12 other
None (reassignment) N( appointed 3 judges
3 district
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+1,540Supreme Court Database ↗
1,540 argued decisions · 12 landmark
Texas v. White
74 U.S. 700 · Apr 12, 1869 · Decided 7–1 · Judicial Power · Struck down state law
Hepburn v. Griswold
75 U.S. 603 · Feb 7, 1870 · Decided 4–3 · Economic Activity · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Broderick's Executor v. Magraw
75 U.S. 639 · Feb 7, 1870 · Decided 7–0 · Economic Activity · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Dewitt
76 U.S. 41 · Feb 21, 1870 · Decided 8–0 · Federalism · Declared federal law unconstitutional
The Justices v. Murray
76 U.S. 274 · Mar 14, 1870 · Decided 7–0 · Federalism · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
The Collector v. Day
78 U.S. 113 · Apr 3, 1871 · Decided 7–1 · Federalism · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Klein
80 U.S. 128 · Jan 29, 1872 · Decided 6–2 · Miscellaneous · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Railroad Company
84 U.S. 322 · Apr 7, 1873 · Decided 7–2 · Federal Taxation · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Slaughter-House Cases
83 U.S. 36 · Apr 14, 1873 · Decided 5–4 · Economic Activity · Affirmed
Minor v. Happersett
88 U.S. 162 · Mar 29, 1875 · Decided 9–0 · Civil Rights · Affirmed
Show 2 more
United States v. Reese
Mar 27, 1876 · Decided 7–2 · Civil Rights · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Munn v. Illinois
Mar 1, 1877 · Decided 7–2 · Economic Activity · Affirmed
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal2 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
OMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year undefined → fiscal year undefined · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
−$431MTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$2.6B
as of Jul 1, 1868
$2.2B
as of Jul 1, 1876

Constitution & Union1 file+2

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
+2National Archives ↗
14 → 15 amendments in force · 37 → 38 states
Amendment XV Voting rights regardless of race
ratified Feb 3, 1870 · Prohibits denying the vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Colorado joins the Union
admitted Aug 1, 1876

Reverts1 file−5

revert/undoneWhat was undone
−5Federal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
0 executive orders revoked or superseded · 0 rules struck down by Congress · 5 Supreme Court precedents overruled
5 decisions that overruled precedent
The Belfast
Apr 12, 1869 · 8-0 · Federalism
Legal Tender Cases
May 1, 1871 · 5-4 · Economic Activity
Trebilcock v. Wilson
Jan 22, 1872 · 6-2 · Private Action
Hornbuckle v. Toombs
May 4, 1874 · 5-3 · Judicial Power
Railway Company v. McShane
Jan 18, 1875 · 9-0 · Economic Activity
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted), and those records begin in 1994. Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
53 events
Ulysses Simpson Grant takes office · 1869-03-04Public Credit Act of 1869 · 1869-03-18Judiciary Act of 1869 (Circuit Judges Act of 1869) · 1869-04-10Texas v. White · 1869-04-12Voting rights regardless of race · 1870-02-03Hepburn v. Griswold · 1870-02-07Broderick's Executor v. Magraw · 1870-02-07William Strong — Associate Justice · 1870-02-18United States v. Dewitt · 1870-02-21The Justices v. Murray · 1870-03-14Joseph P. Bradley — Associate Justice · 1870-03-21Enforcement Act of 1870 (Civil Rights Act of 1870) · 1870-05-31Department of Justice Act · 1870-06-22An Act to reorganize the Marine Hospital Service · 1870-06-29United States Department of Justice · 1870-07-01Copyright Act of 1870 · 1870-07-08Currency Act of 1870 · 1870-07-12Naturalization Act of 1870 · 1870-07-14Funding Act of 1870 · 1870-07-14District of Columbia Organic Act of 1871 · 1871-02-21The Collector v. Day · 1871-04-03Enforcement Act of 1871 · 1871-04-20Third Enforcement Act (Civil Rights Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act) · 1871-04-20United States v. Klein · 1872-01-29Yellowstone National Park founded · 1872-03-01Yellowstone Act · 1872-03-01General Mining Act of 1872 · 1872-05-10Amnesty Act · 1872-05-22Amnesty Act of 1872 · 1872-05-23Practice Conformity Act (precursor to the Rules Enabling Act) · 1872-06-01Post Office Consolidation Act of 1872 · 1872-06-08Ward Hunt — Associate Justice · 1872-12-11Coinage Act of 1873 · 1873-02-12Comstock Act · 1873-03-03Salary Grab Act (so called) · 1873-03-03Comstock Act of 1873 · 1873-03-03Timber Culture Act · 1873-03-03Ulysses Simpson Grant takes office · 1873-03-04United States v. Railroad Company · 1873-04-07Slaughter-House Cases · 1873-04-14Morrison Remick Waite — Chief Justice · 1874-01-21Revised Statutes of the United States · 1874-06-22Poland Act · 1874-06-23Specie Payment Resumption Act · 1875-01-14Civil Rights Act of 1875 · 1875-03-01Tariff of 1875 · 1875-03-03Page Act of 1875 · 1875-03-03Minor v. Happersett · 1875-03-29United States v. Reese · 1876-03-27Colorado · 1876-08-01Electoral Commission Act · 1877-01-29Munn v. Illinois · 1877-03-01Desert Land Act · 1877-03-0318701871187218731874187518761877
  1. presidentUlysses Simpson Grant takes office
  2. lawPublic Credit Act of 1869
  3. lawJudiciary Act of 1869 (Circuit Judges Act of 1869)
  4. rulingTexas v. White
  5. amendmentVoting rights regardless of race
  6. rulingHepburn v. Griswold
  7. rulingBroderick's Executor v. Magraw
  8. justiceWilliam Strong — Associate Justice
  9. rulingUnited States v. Dewitt
  10. rulingThe Justices v. Murray
  11. justiceJoseph P. Bradley — Associate Justice
  12. lawEnforcement Act of 1870 (Civil Rights Act of 1870)
  13. lawDepartment of Justice Act
  14. lawAn Act to reorganize the Marine Hospital Service
  15. agency+United States Department of Justice
  16. lawCopyright Act of 1870
  17. lawCurrency Act of 1870
  18. lawNaturalization Act of 1870
  19. lawFunding Act of 1870
  20. lawDistrict of Columbia Organic Act of 1871
  21. rulingThe Collector v. Day
  22. lawEnforcement Act of 1871
  23. lawThird Enforcement Act (Civil Rights Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act)
  24. rulingUnited States v. Klein
  25. lawYellowstone National Park founded
  26. lawYellowstone Act
  27. lawGeneral Mining Act of 1872
  28. lawAmnesty Act
  29. lawAmnesty Act of 1872
  30. lawPractice Conformity Act (precursor to the Rules Enabling Act)
  31. lawPost Office Consolidation Act of 1872
  32. justiceWard Hunt — Associate Justice
  33. lawCoinage Act of 1873
  34. lawComstock Act
  35. lawSalary Grab Act (so called)
  36. lawComstock Act of 1873
  37. lawTimber Culture Act
  38. presidentUlysses Simpson Grant takes office
  39. rulingUnited States v. Railroad Company
  40. rulingSlaughter-House Cases
  41. justiceMorrison Remick Waite — Chief Justice
  42. lawRevised Statutes of the United States
  43. lawPoland Act
  44. lawSpecie Payment Resumption Act
  45. lawCivil Rights Act of 1875
  46. lawTariff of 1875
  47. lawPage Act of 1875
  48. rulingMinor v. Happersett
  49. rulingUnited States v. Reese
  50. stateColorado
  51. lawElectoral Commission Act
  52. rulingMunn v. Illinois
  53. lawDesert Land Act