How did the United States change between and ?

Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → now
civicdiff.com/1850-07-09...1853-03-03 · 2.7 years json
18 files changed, 415 insertions(+), 172 deletions(−)
Laws enacted
+8
major laws · full counts from 1973
Executive orders
—
records start in 1994
Final rules
—
records start in 1994
Supreme Court
1 of 8
seats changed hands
Agencies
+0 −0
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$3M
$63M → $66M

The presidency passed from Zachary Taylor to Millard Fillmore. 20 senators and 141 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 1 new justice joined the Supreme Court.

Executive5 files+9−11

executive/presidentThe presidency
+1−1National Archives ↗
Zachary Taylor W
12th president
Millard Fillmore W
13th president · took office Jul 9, 1850
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
+1−1Senate Historical Office ↗
Millard Fillmore W
vacant
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+7−9Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 2 people took this office in between
John M. Clayton W
Edward Everett R
Secretary of the Treasury
William M. Meredith W
Thomas Corwin R
Secretary of War
George W. Crawford W
Charles Magill Conrad W
Attorney General
Reverdy Johnson W
John J. Crittenden W
Postmaster General
Jacob Collamer R
vacant on Mar 3, 1853
next: James Campbell D · Mar 7, 1853
Secretary of the Navy · 3 people took this office in between
William Ballard Preston W
James C. Dobbin D
Show 1 more cabinet offices
Secretary of the Interior
Thomas Ewing W
Alexander Hugh Holmes Stuart W
Other senior officials (2 changed)
Postmaster General
Jacob Collamer R
vacant on Mar 3, 1853
next: James Campbell D · Mar 7, 1853
Secretary of the Navy · 3 people took this office in between
William Ballard Preston W
James C. Dobbin D
executive/ordersExecutive orders
no dataFederal Register API ↗
Federal Register records of executive orders begin in 1994.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
±0Wikidata ↗
26 → 26 tracked organizations · 6 → 6 executive departments
No agencies created or abolished in this window.
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.

Military1 file±0

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
±0UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 0 armed conflicts → 0
The U.S. was not a party to any armed conflict in this window (conflict records start in 1946).
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.

Legislative4 files+169−158

legislative/controlControl of Congress
0 changesHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
31st Congress → 32nd Congress · 1 new Congress elected
0 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Democrat majority on both dates
114 D · 108 W → 130 D · 88 W
Senate: Democrat majority on both dates
34 D · 24 W → 36 D · 16 W
legislative/senateSenate
+20−20congress-legislators ↗
Jul 9, 1850 · 34 D · 24 W · 2 FS · 1 IRD
William Rufus de Vane King (Democrat, AL)Jeremiah Clemens (Democrat, AL)William King Sebastian (Democrat, AR)Solon Borland (Democrat, AR)John Charles Frémont (Democrat, CA)David Levy Yulee (Democrat, FL)George Wallace Jones (Democrat, IA)Augustus Caesar Dodge (Democrat, IA)Stephen Arnold Douglas (Democrat, IL)James Shields (Democrat, IL)Jesse David Bright (Democrat, IN)James Whitcomb (Democrat, IN)Solomon Weathersbee Downs (Democrat, LA)Pierre Soulé (Democrat, LA)James Ware Bradbury (Democrat, ME)Hannibal Hamlin (Democrat, ME)Alpheus Felch (Democrat, MI)Lewis Cass (Democrat, MI)Thomas Hart Benton (Democrat, MO)David Rice Atchison (Democrat, MO)Jefferson Davis (Democrat, MS)Henry Stuart Foote (Democrat, MS)Moses Norris Jr. (Democrat, NH)Daniel Stevens Dickinson (Democrat, NY)Daniel Sturgeon (Democrat, PA)Robert Woodward Barnwell (Democrat, SC)Andrew Pickens Butler (Democrat, SC)Hopkins Lacy Turney (Democrat, TN)Thomas Jefferson Rusk (Democrat, TX)Samuel Houston (Democrat, TX)James Murray Mason (Democrat, VA)Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (Democrat, VA)Henry Dodge (Democrat, WI)Isaac Pigeon Walker (Democrat, WI)Thomas George Pratt (Ind. Republican-Democrat, MD)John Parker Hale (Free Soil, NH)Salmon Portland Chase (Free Soil, OH)Roger Sherman Baldwin (Whig, CT)Truman Smith (Whig, CT)Presley Spruance (Whig, DE)John Wales (Whig, DE)Jackson Morton (Whig, FL)John Macpherson Berrien (Whig, GA)William Crosby Dawson (Whig, GA)Joseph Rogers Underwood (Whig, KY)Henry Clay (Whig, KY)Robert Charles Winthrop (Whig, MA)John Davis (Whig, MA)James Alfred Pearce (Whig, MD)Willie Person Mangum (Whig, NC)George Edmund Badger (Whig, NC)William Lewis Dayton (Whig, NJ)Jacob Welsh Miller (Whig, NJ)William Henry Seward (Whig, NY)Thomas Ewing (Whig, OH)James Cooper (Whig, PA)Albert Collins Greene (Whig, RI)John Hopkins Clarke (Whig, RI)John Bell (Whig, TN)Samuel Shethar Phelps (Whig, VT)William Upham (Whig, VT)
Mar 3, 1853 · 36 D · 16 W · 7 IRD · 2 FS
Jeremiah Clemens (Democrat, AL)William King Sebastian (Democrat, AR)Solon Borland (Democrat, AR)William McKendree Gwin (Democrat, CA)John B. Weller (Democrat, CA)Isaac Toucey (Democrat, CT)James Asheton Bayard Jr. (Democrat, DE)Stephen Russell Mallory (Democrat, FL)Robert Milledge Charlton (Democrat, GA)George Wallace Jones (Democrat, IA)Augustus Caesar Dodge (Democrat, IA)Stephen Arnold Douglas (Democrat, IL)James Shields (Democrat, IL)Charles William Cathcart (Democrat, IN)Jesse David Bright (Democrat, IN)David Meriwether (Democrat, KY)Solomon Weathersbee Downs (Democrat, LA)Pierre Soulé (Democrat, LA)James Ware Bradbury (Democrat, ME)Hannibal Hamlin (Democrat, ME)Alpheus Felch (Democrat, MI)Lewis Cass (Democrat, MI)David Rice Atchison (Democrat, MO)Stephen Adams (Democrat, MS)Moses Norris Jr. (Democrat, NH)Robert Field Stockton (Democrat, NJ)Richard Brodhead (Democrat, PA)Charles Tillinghast James (Democrat, RI)Andrew Pickens Butler (Democrat, SC)William Ford De Saussure (Democrat, SC)Samuel Houston (Democrat, TX)Thomas Jefferson Rusk (Democrat, TX)Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (Democrat, VA)James Murray Mason (Democrat, VA)Isaac Pigeon Walker (Democrat, WI)Henry Dodge (Democrat, WI)Charles Sumner (Ind. Republican-Democrat, MA)Thomas George Pratt (Ind. Republican-Democrat, MD)Henry Sheffie Geyer (Ind. Republican-Democrat, MO)John Parker Hale (Free Soil, NH)Hamilton Fish (Ind. Republican-Democrat, NY)Salmon Portland Chase (Free Soil, OH)Benjamin Franklin Wade (Ind. Republican-Democrat, OH)James Chamberlain Jones (Ind. Republican-Democrat, TN)Solomon Foot (Ind. Republican-Democrat, VT)Truman Smith (Whig, CT)Presley Spruance (Whig, DE)Jackson Morton (Whig, FL)William Crosby Dawson (Whig, GA)Joseph Rogers Underwood (Whig, KY)John Davis (Whig, MA)James Alfred Pearce (Whig, MD)Walker Brooke (Whig, MS)Willie Person Mangum (Whig, NC)George Edmund Badger (Whig, NC)Jacob Welsh Miller (Whig, NJ)William Henry Seward (Whig, NY)James Cooper (Whig, PA)John Hopkins Clarke (Whig, RI)John Bell (Whig, TN)William Upham (Whig, VT)
20 new members · 20 departed · 41 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 51 → 50
13 seats changed party
John Macpherson Berrien W
Georgia seat
Robert Milledge Charlton D
Georgia seat
Henry Stuart Foote D
Mississippi seat
Walker Brooke W
Mississippi seat
Henry Clay W
Kentucky seat
David Meriwether D
Kentucky seat
William Lewis Dayton W
New Jersey seat
Robert Field Stockton D
New Jersey seat
Show 9 more seat flips
Daniel Stevens Dickinson D
New York seat
Hamilton Fish IRD
New York seat
Thomas Hart Benton D
Missouri seat
Henry Sheffie Geyer IRD
Missouri seat
Albert Collins Greene W
Rhode Island seat
Charles Tillinghast James D
Rhode Island seat
Hopkins Lacy Turney D
Tennessee seat
James Chamberlain Jones IRD
Tennessee seat
Samuel Shethar Phelps W
Vermont seat
Solomon Foot IRD
Vermont seat
Thomas Ewing W
Ohio seat
Benjamin Franklin Wade IRD
Ohio seat
John Wales W
Delaware seat
James Asheton Bayard Jr. D
Delaware seat
Robert Charles Winthrop W
Massachusetts seat
Charles Sumner IRD
Massachusetts seat
Roger Sherman Baldwin W
Connecticut seat
Isaac Toucey D
Connecticut seat
Who joined and who left (20 in · 20 out)
William McKendree Gwin D
California
John B. Weller D
California
Isaac Toucey D
Connecticut
James Asheton Bayard Jr. D
Delaware
Stephen Russell Mallory D
Florida
Robert Milledge Charlton D
Georgia
Charles William Cathcart D
Indiana
David Meriwether D
Kentucky
Charles Sumner IRD
Massachusetts
Henry Sheffie Geyer IRD
Missouri
Walker Brooke W
Mississippi
Stephen Adams D
Mississippi
Robert Field Stockton D
New Jersey
Hamilton Fish IRD
New York
Benjamin Franklin Wade IRD
Ohio
Richard Brodhead D
Pennsylvania
Charles Tillinghast James D
Rhode Island
William Ford De Saussure D
South Carolina
James Chamberlain Jones IRD
Tennessee
Solomon Foot IRD
Vermont
William Rufus de Vane King D
Alabama
John Charles Frémont D
California
Roger Sherman Baldwin W
Connecticut
John Wales W
Delaware
David Levy Yulee D
Florida
John Macpherson Berrien W
Georgia
James Whitcomb D
Indiana
Henry Clay W
Kentucky
Robert Charles Winthrop W
Massachusetts
Thomas Hart Benton D
Missouri
Jefferson Davis D
Mississippi
Henry Stuart Foote D
Mississippi
William Lewis Dayton W
New Jersey
Daniel Stevens Dickinson D
New York
Thomas Ewing W
Ohio
Daniel Sturgeon D
Pennsylvania
Albert Collins Greene W
Rhode Island
Robert Woodward Barnwell D
South Carolina
Hopkins Lacy Turney D
Tennessee
Samuel Shethar Phelps W
Vermont
legislative/houseHouse
+141−138congress-legislators ↗
Jul 9, 1850 · 114 D · 108 W · 9 FS · 1 A · 1 U
Franklin Welsh Bowdon (Democrat, AL-7)David Hubbard (Democrat, AL-5)Samuel Williams Inge (Democrat, AL-4)Sampson Willis Harris (Democrat, AL-3)Williamson Robert Winfield Cobb (Democrat, AL-6)Robert Ward Johnson (Democrat, AR-1)Edward Gilbert (Democrat, CA-AL)Loren Pinckney Waldo (Democrat, CT-1)Chauncey Fitch Cleveland (Democrat, CT-3)Thomas C. Hackett (Democrat, GA-5)Hugh Anderson Haralson (Democrat, GA-4)Marshall Johnson Wellborn (Democrat, GA-2)Howell Cobb (Democrat, GA-6)Shepherd Leffler (Democrat, IA-2)Timothy Roberts Young (Democrat, IL-3)William Harrison Bissell (Democrat, IL-1)Thomas Langrell Harris (Democrat, IL-7)John Alexander McClernand (Democrat, IL-2)William Alexander Richardson (Democrat, IL-5)John Wentworth (Democrat, IL-4)Nathaniel Albertson (Democrat, IN-1)William John Brown (Democrat, IN-5)Willis Arnold Gorman (Democrat, IN-6)John Larne Robinson (Democrat, IN-3)Cyrus Livingston Dunham (Democrat, IN-2)Andrew Jackson Harlan (Democrat, IN-10)Graham Newell Fitch (Democrat, IN-9)Joseph Ewing McDonald (Democrat, IN-8)George Alfred Caldwell (Democrat, KY-4)Linn Boyd (Democrat, KY-1)Richard Henry Stanton (Democrat, KY-10)John Calvin Mason (Democrat, KY-9)John Henry Harmanson (Democrat, LA-3)Emile La Sére (Democrat, LA-1)Isaac Edward Morse (Democrat, LA-4)Edward Hammond (Democrat, MD-3)William Thomas Hamilton (Democrat, MD-2)Robert Milligan McLane (Democrat, MD-4)Elbridge Gerry (Democrat, ME-1)Nathaniel Swett Littlefield (Democrat, ME-2)Cullen Sawtelle (Democrat, ME-5)Charles Stetson (Democrat, ME-6)Thomas James Duncan Fuller (Democrat, ME-7)Alexander Woodruff Buel (Democrat, MI-1)Kinsley Scott Bingham (Democrat, MI-3)William Van Ness Bay (Democrat, MO-2)James Butler Bowlin (Democrat, MO-1)Willard Preble Hall (Democrat, MO-4)James Stephen Green (Democrat, MO-3)John Smith Phelps (Democrat, MO-5)Winfield Scott Featherston (Democrat, MS-2)William McWillie (Democrat, MS-3)Jacob Thompson (Democrat, MS-1)Albert Gallatin Brown (Democrat, MS-4)John Reeves Jones Daniel (Democrat, NC-6)Abraham Watkins Venable (Democrat, NC-5)William Shepperd Ashe (Democrat, NC-7)Charles Hazen Peaslee (Democrat, NH-2)Harry Hibbard (Democrat, NH-4)Isaac Wildrick (Democrat, NJ-3)Hiram Walden (Democrat, NY-21)Moses Hoagland (Democrat, OH-16)John Krepps Miller (Democrat, OH-11)Jonathan David Morris (Democrat, OH-7)Emery Davis Potter (Democrat, OH-5)William Augustus Whittlesey (Democrat, OH-13)Joseph Cable (Democrat, OH-17)David Kellogg Cartter (Democrat, OH-18)Charles Sweetser (Democrat, OH-10)David Tiernan Disney (Democrat, OH-1)Edson Baldwin Olds (Democrat, OH-9)Samuel Royal Thurston (Democrat, OR-AL)John Brisbin (Democrat, PA-11)Joel Buchanan Danner (Democrat, PA-15)Job Mann (Democrat, PA-19)William Strong (Democrat, PA-9)James Thompson (Democrat, PA-23)Milo Melankthon Dimmick (Democrat, PA-10)Alfred Gilmore (Democrat, PA-24)James Xavier McLanahan (Democrat, PA-16)Thomas Ross (Democrat, PA-6)David Wilmot (Democrat, PA-12)John Robbins (Democrat, PA-4)Isaac Edward Holmes (Democrat, SC-6)Armistead Burt (Democrat, SC-5)William Ferguson Colcock (Democrat, SC-7)Daniel Wallace (Democrat, SC-1)Joseph Addison Woodward (Democrat, SC-3)James Lawrence Orr (Democrat, SC-2)John McQueen (Democrat, SC-4)Andrew Ewing (Democrat, TN-8)Frederick Perry Stanton (Democrat, TN-10)George Washington Jones (Democrat, TN-5)John Houston Savage (Democrat, TN-4)James Houston Thomas (Democrat, TN-6)Andrew Johnson (Democrat, TN-1)Isham Green Harris (Democrat, TN-9)David Spangler Kaufman (Democrat, TX-1)Volney Erskine Howard (Democrat, TX-2)James McDowell (Democrat, VA-11)Richard Parker (Democrat, VA-10)James Alexander Seddon (Democrat, VA-6)Thomas Hamlet Averett (Democrat, VA-3)James Madison Hite Beale (Democrat, VA-14)Alexander Richmond Holladay (Democrat, VA-8)Richard Kidder Meade (Democrat, VA-2)Thomas Henry Bayly (Democrat, VA-7)Fayette McMullen (Democrat, VA-13)Paulus Powell (Democrat, VA-5)Thomas Stanley Bocock (Democrat, VA-4)Henry Alonzo Edmundson (Democrat, VA-12)John Singleton Millson (Democrat, VA-1)Lucius Benedict Peck (Democrat, VT-4)James Duane Doty (Democrat, WI-3)Walter Booth (Free Soil, CT-2)George Washington Julian (Free Soil, IN-4)Charles Allen (Free Soil, MA-5)Henry Hastings Sibley (?, MN-AL)Amos Tuck (Free Soil, NH-1)Preston King (Free Soil, NY-18)Joseph Mosley Root (Free Soil, OH-21)Joshua Reed Giddings (Free Soil, OH-20)Lewis Charles Levin (American, PA-1)John W. Howe (Free Soil, PA-22)Charles Durkee (Free Soil, WI-1)William Jeffreys Alston (Whig, AL-1)Henry Washington Hilliard (Whig, AL-2)Thomas Belden Butler (Whig, CT-4)John Wallace Houston (Whig, DE-AL)Edward Carrington Cabell (Whig, FL-1)Thomas Butler King (Whig, GA-1)Allen Ferdinand Owen (Whig, GA-3)Robert Augustus Toombs (Whig, GA-8)Alexander Hamilton Stephens (Whig, GA-7)Daniel Fry Miller (Whig, IA-1)Edward Dickinson Baker (Whig, IL-6)Edward Wilson McGaughey (Whig, IN-7)Daniel Breck (Whig, KY-6)James Leeper Johnson (Whig, KY-2)Finis Ewing McLean (Whig, KY-3)Charles Slaughter Morehead (Whig, KY-8)John Burton Thompson (Whig, KY-5)Humphrey Marshall (Whig, KY-7)Henry Adams Bullard (Whig, LA-2)George Ashmun (Whig, MA-6)Samuel Atkins Eliot (Whig, MA-1)Joseph Grinnell (Whig, MA-10)Daniel Putnam King (Whig, MA-2)James Henry Duncan (Whig, MA-3)Orin Fowler (Whig, MA-9)Horace Mann (Whig, MA-8)Julius Rockwell (Whig, MA-7)John Bozman Kerr (Whig, MD-6)Richard Johns Bowie (Whig, MD-1)Alexander Evans (Whig, MD-5)Rufus King Goodenow (Whig, ME-4)John Otis (Whig, ME-3)William Sprague (Whig, MI-2)Edmund Deberry (Whig, NC-3)Augustine Henry Shepperd (Whig, NC-4)Joseph Pearson Caldwell (Whig, NC-2)David Outlaw (Whig, NC-9)Edward Stanly (Whig, NC-8)Thomas Lanier Clingman (Whig, NC-1)James Wilson (Whig, NH-3)Andrew Kessler Hay (Whig, NJ-1)James Gore King (Whig, NJ-5)John Van Dyke (Whig, NJ-4)William Augustus Newell (Whig, NJ-2)Henry Porteous Alexander (Whig, NY-17)George Rex Andrews (Whig, NY-14)David Alexander Bokee (Whig, NY-2)Charles Ezra Clarke (Whig, NY-19)Harmon Sweatland Conger (Whig, NY-25)William Duer (Whig, NY-23)Daniel Gott (Whig, NY-24)Herman Day Gould (Whig, NY-10)Ransom Halloway (Whig, NY-8)William Terry Jackson (Whig, NY-26)John Alsop King (Whig, NY-1)Thomas McKissock (Whig, NY-9)William Nelson (Whig, NY-7)Jonas Phillips Phoenix (Whig, NY-3)Harvey Putnam (Whig, NY-33)Gideon Reynolds (Whig, NY-12)Elijah Risley (Whig, NY-31)Robert Lawson Rose (Whig, NY-29)David Rumsey (Whig, NY-30)Peter Henry Silvester (Whig, NY-11)John Richardson Thurman (Whig, NY-15)Walter Underhill (Whig, NY-4)Hugh White (Whig, NY-16)Lorenzo Burrows (Whig, NY-34)William Augustus Sackett (Whig, NY-27)Abraham Maus Schermerhorn (Whig, NY-28)John Lawrence Schoolcraft (Whig, NY-13)Henry Bennett (Whig, NY-22)Orsamus Benajah Matteson (Whig, NY-20)George Briggs (Whig, NY-5)Elbridge Gerry Spaulding (Whig, NY-32)James Brooks (Whig, NY-6)John Bell (Whig, OH-6)John Crowell (Whig, OH-19)Nathan Evans (Whig, OH-14)Samuel Finley Vinton (Whig, OH-12)William Forrest Hunter (Whig, OH-15)Moses Bledso Corwin (Whig, OH-4)John Lampkin Taylor (Whig, OH-8)Robert Cumming Schenck (Whig, OH-3)Lewis Davis Campbell (Whig, OH-2)Samuel Calvin (Whig, PA-17)Joseph Casey (Whig, PA-13)Jesse Column Dickey (Whig, PA-7)John Freedley (Whig, PA-5)Moses Hampton (Whig, PA-21)Andrew Jackson Ogle (Whig, PA-18)Charles Wesley Pitman (Whig, PA-14)Robert Rentoul Reed (Whig, PA-20)Henry Dunning Moore (Whig, PA-3)Joseph Ripley Chandler (Whig, PA-2)Thaddeus Stevens (Whig, PA-8)George Gordon King (Whig, RI-1)Nathan Fellows Dixon (Whig, RI-2)Josiah McNair Anderson (Whig, TN-3)Meredith Poindexter Gentry (Whig, TN-7)Christopher Harris Williams (Whig, TN-11)Albert Galiton Watkins (Whig, TN-2)Thomas Sherwood Haymond (Whig, VA-15)Jeremiah Morton (Whig, VA-9)William Henry (Whig, VT-1)George Perkins Marsh (Whig, VT-3)William Hebard (Whig, VT-2)Orsamus Cole (Whig, WI-2)
Mar 3, 1853 · 130 D · 88 W · 6 U · 4 FS · 3 ID · 3 SR · 1 IW · 1 U
John Bragg (Democrat, AL-1)Sampson Willis Harris (Democrat, AL-3)William Russell Smith (Democrat, AL-4)Williamson Robert Winfield Cobb (Democrat, AL-6)George Smith Houston (Democrat, AL-5)Robert Ward Johnson (Democrat, AR-1)Edward Colston Marshall (Democrat, CA-AL)Chauncey Fitch Cleveland (Democrat, CT-3)Colin Macrae Ingersoll (Democrat, CT-2)Origen Storrs Seymour (Democrat, CT-4)George Read Riddle (Democrat, DE-AL)Elijah Webb Chastain (Democrat, GA-5)Junius Hillyer (Democrat, GA-6)Lincoln Clark (Democrat, IA-2)Bernhart Henn (Democrat, IA-1)Thompson Campbell (Democrat, IL-6)Orlando Bell Ficklin (Democrat, IL-3)Richard Sheppard Molony (Democrat, IL-4)Willis Allen (Democrat, IL-2)William Harrison Bissell (Democrat, IL-1)William Alexander Richardson (Democrat, IL-5)Willis Arnold Gorman (Democrat, IN-6)John Larne Robinson (Democrat, IN-3)Cyrus Livingston Dunham (Democrat, IN-2)Daniel Mace (Democrat, IN-8)Graham Newell Fitch (Democrat, IN-9)James Lockhart (Democrat, IN-1)John Givan Davis (Democrat, IN-7)Thomas Andrews Hendricks (Democrat, IN-5)James W. Stone (Democrat, KY-5)Linn Boyd (Democrat, KY-1)Richard Henry Stanton (Democrat, KY-10)John Calvin Mason (Democrat, KY-9)John Cabell Breckinridge (Democrat, KY-8)Alexander Gordon Penn (Democrat, LA-3)Louis St. Martin (Democrat, LA-1)Edward Hammond (Democrat, MD-3)William Thomas Hamilton (Democrat, MD-2)Charles Andrews (Democrat, ME-4)John Appleton (Democrat, ME-2)Ephraim Knight Smart (Democrat, ME-5)Moses Macdonald (Democrat, ME-1)Thomas James Duncan Fuller (Democrat, ME-7)Charles Edward Stuart (Democrat, MI-2)Willard Preble Hall (Democrat, MO-4)John Smith Phelps (Democrat, MO-5)John Reeves Jones Daniel (Democrat, NC-6)Abraham Watkins Venable (Democrat, NC-5)William Shepperd Ashe (Democrat, NC-7)Charles Hazen Peaslee (Democrat, NH-2)Harry Hibbard (Democrat, NH-4)Rodman McCamley Price (Democrat, NJ-5)Isaac Wildrick (Democrat, NJ-3)Charles Skelton (Democrat, NJ-2)Nathan Taylor Stratton (Democrat, NJ-1)Richard Hanson Weightman (Democrat, NM-AL)Leander Babcock (Democrat, NY-23)Alexander Hamilton Buell (Democrat, NY-17)John Gelston Floyd (Democrat, NY-1)Emanuel Bernard Hart (Democrat, NY-3)Thomas Y. Howe Jr. (Democrat, NY-25)Willard Ives (Democrat, NY-19)Timothy Jenkins (Democrat, NY-20)Reuben Robie (Democrat, NY-30)Joseph Russell (Democrat, NY-15)David Lowrey Seymour (Democrat, NY-12)William W. Snow (Democrat, NY-21)Abraham P. Stephens (Democrat, NY-7)Josiah Sutherland (Democrat, NY-11)Gilbert Dean (Democrat, NY-8)Daniel Terryll Jones (Democrat, NY-24)William Murray (Democrat, NY-9)Preston King (Democrat, NY-18)George Henry Busby (Democrat, OH-11)Joseph Cable (Democrat, OH-17)David Kellogg Cartter (Democrat, OH-18)James Madison Gaylord (Democrat, OH-13)Charles Sweetser (Democrat, OH-10)Norton Strange Townshend (Democrat, OH-21)David Tiernan Disney (Democrat, OH-1)Alfred Peck Edgerton (Democrat, OH-5)Frederick William Green (Democrat, OH-6)Edson Baldwin Olds (Democrat, OH-9)Joseph Lane (Democrat, OR-AL)Milo Melankthon Dimmick (Democrat, PA-10)Alfred Gilmore (Democrat, PA-24)James Xavier McLanahan (Democrat, PA-16)John Alexander Morrison (Democrat, PA-7)Andrew Parker (Democrat, PA-17)Thomas Ross (Democrat, PA-6)James Gamble (Democrat, PA-13)William Henry Kurtz (Democrat, PA-15)John McNair (Democrat, PA-5)Jehu Glancy Jones (Democrat, PA-9)Thomas Birch Florence (Democrat, PA-1)John Littleton Dawson (Democrat, PA-18)Carlton Brandaga Curtis (Democrat, PA-23)John Robbins (Democrat, PA-4)Galusha Aaron Grow (Democrat, PA-12)Benjamin Babock Thurston (Democrat, RI-2)Armistead Burt (Democrat, SC-5)William Ferguson Colcock (Democrat, SC-7)Daniel Wallace (Democrat, SC-1)Joseph Addison Woodward (Democrat, SC-3)William Aiken (Democrat, SC-6)James Lawrence Orr (Democrat, SC-2)John McQueen (Democrat, SC-4)William Montgomery Churchwell (Democrat, TN-3)Frederick Perry Stanton (Democrat, TN-10)George Washington Jones (Democrat, TN-5)John Houston Savage (Democrat, TN-4)Andrew Johnson (Democrat, TN-1)Isham Green Harris (Democrat, TN-9)Volney Erskine Howard (Democrat, TX-2)Richardson Scurry (Democrat, TX-1)Thomas Hamlet Averett (Democrat, VA-3)James Madison Hite Beale (Democrat, VA-14)Alexander Richmond Holladay (Democrat, VA-8)Richard Kidder Meade (Democrat, VA-2)George Western Thompson (Democrat, VA-15)Thomas Henry Bayly (Democrat, VA-7)Fayette McMullen (Democrat, VA-13)John Samuels Caskie (Democrat, VA-6)John Letcher (Democrat, VA-11)Paulus Powell (Democrat, VA-5)Thomas Stanley Bocock (Democrat, VA-4)Henry Alonzo Edmundson (Democrat, VA-12)John Singleton Millson (Democrat, VA-1)Thomas Bartlett Jr. (Democrat, VT-4)Ben C. Eastman (Democrat, WI-2)Joseph Webber Jackson (States Rights, GA-1)James Johnson (Unionist, GA-2)Charles Murphey (Unionist, GA-4)David Jackson Bailey (States Rights, GA-3)Alexander Hamilton Stephens (Unionist, GA-7)Charles Allen (Free Soil, MA-5)Horace Mann (Free Soil, MA-8)Joseph Stewart Cottman (Ind. Whig, MD-6)Henry Hastings Sibley (?, MN-AL)John D. Freeman (Unionist, MS-3)Benjamin Duke Nabers (Unionist, MS-1)John A. Wilcox (Unionist, MS-2)Albert Gallatin Brown (States Rights, MS-4)John Johnson (Ind. Democrat, OH-16)Joshua Reed Giddings (Free Soil, OH-20)William Hawkins Polk (Ind. Democrat, TN-6)James Duane Doty (Ind. Democrat, WI-3)Charles Durkee (Free Soil, WI-1)James Abercrombie (Whig, AL-2)Alexander White (Whig, AL-7)Charles Chapman (Whig, CT-1)Edward Carrington Cabell (Whig, FL-1)Robert Augustus Toombs (Whig, GA-8)Richard Yates (Whig, IL-7)Samuel Wilson Parker (Whig, IN-4)Samuel Brenton (Whig, IN-10)William Thomas Ward (Whig, KY-4)Addison White (Whig, KY-6)Presley Underwood Ewing (Whig, KY-3)Benjamin Edwards Grey (Whig, KY-2)William Preston (Whig, KY-7)Joseph Aristide Landry (Whig, LA-2)John Moore (Whig, LA-4)George Thomas Davis (Whig, MA-6)James Henry Duncan (Whig, MA-3)Orin Fowler (Whig, MA-9)Lorenzo Sabine (Whig, MA-4)John Zacheus Goodrich (Whig, MA-7)Zeno Scudder (Whig, MA-10)William Appleton (Whig, MA-1)Francis Ball Fay (Whig, MA-2)Richard Johns Bowie (Whig, MD-1)Alexander Evans (Whig, MD-5)Thomas Yates Walsh (Whig, MD-4)Robert Goodenow (Whig, ME-3)Israel Washburn Jr. (Whig, ME-6)James Lockwood Conger (Whig, MI-3)Ebenezer Jenckes Penniman (Whig, MI-1)John Fletcher Darby (Whig, MO-1)John Gaines Miller (Whig, MO-3)Gilchrist Porter (Whig, MO-2)Joseph Pearson Caldwell (Whig, NC-2)Alfred Dockery (Whig, NC-3)James Turner Morehead (Whig, NC-4)David Outlaw (Whig, NC-9)Edward Stanly (Whig, NC-8)Thomas Lanier Clingman (Whig, NC-1)Jared Perkins (Whig, NH-3)Amos Tuck (Whig, NH-1)George Houston Brown (Whig, NJ-4)Obadiah Bowne (Whig, NY-2)John Huggins Boyd (Whig, NY-14)Lorenzo Burrows (Whig, NY-34)Augustus Porter Hascall (Whig, NY-33)John Henry Hobart Haws (Whig, NY-4)Jerediah Horsford (Whig, NY-29)Frederick Stanley Martin (Whig, NY-31)William Augustus Sackett (Whig, NY-27)Abraham Maus Schermerhorn (Whig, NY-28)John Lawrence Schoolcraft (Whig, NY-13)Marius Schoonmaker (Whig, NY-10)Henry Sanford Walbridge (Whig, NY-26)John Wells (Whig, NY-16)Solomon George Haven (Whig, NY-32)Henry Bennett (Whig, NY-22)George Briggs (Whig, NY-5)James Brooks (Whig, NY-6)Nelson Barrere (Whig, OH-7)Hiram Bell (Whig, OH-3)Alexander Harper (Whig, OH-14)William Forrest Hunter (Whig, OH-15)Eben Newton (Whig, OH-19)John Welch (Whig, OH-12)John Lampkin Taylor (Whig, OH-8)Benjamin Stanton (Whig, OH-4)Lewis Davis Campbell (Whig, OH-2)Thomas Marshal Bibighaus (Whig, PA-14)John W. Howe (Whig, PA-22)Joseph Henry Kuhns (Whig, PA-19)Henry Dunning Moore (Whig, PA-3)Joseph Ripley Chandler (Whig, PA-2)Thomas Marshall Howe (Whig, PA-21)John Allison (Whig, PA-20)Henry Mills Fuller (Whig, PA-11)Thaddeus Stevens (Whig, PA-8)George Gordon King (Whig, RI-1)Meredith Poindexter Gentry (Whig, TN-7)Christopher Harris Williams (Whig, TN-11)William Cullom (Whig, TN-8)Albert Galiton Watkins (Whig, TN-2)John Milton Bernhisel (Whig, UT-AL)James French Strother (Whig, VA-9)Charles James Faulkner (Whig, VA-10)William Hebard (Whig, VT-2)Ahiman Louis Miner (Whig, VT-1)James Meacham (Whig, VT-3)
141 new members · 138 departed · 95 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 43 → 44
18 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Connecticut 2 D · 0 R · 2 other
Connecticut 3 D · 0 R · 1 other
Delaware 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Delaware 1 D · 0 R
Georgia 4 D · 0 R · 4 other
Georgia 2 D · 0 R · 6 other
Iowa 1 D · 0 R · 1 other
Iowa 2 D · 0 R
Kentucky 4 D · 0 R · 6 other
Kentucky 5 D · 0 R · 5 other
Louisiana 3 D · 0 R · 1 other
Louisiana 2 D · 0 R · 2 other
Massachusetts 0 D · 0 R · 9 other
Massachusetts 0 D · 0 R · 10 other
Maryland 3 D · 0 R · 3 other
Maryland 2 D · 0 R · 4 other
Michigan 2 D · 0 R · 1 other
Michigan 1 D · 0 R · 2 other
Missouri 5 D · 0 R
Missouri 2 D · 0 R · 3 other
Mississippi 4 D · 0 R
Mississippi 0 D · 0 R · 4 other
New Jersey 1 D · 0 R · 4 other
New Jersey 4 D · 0 R · 1 other
New Mexico 0 D · 0 R
New Mexico 1 D · 0 R
New York 1 D · 0 R · 33 other
New York 17 D · 0 R · 17 other
Pennsylvania 11 D · 0 R · 13 other
Pennsylvania 15 D · 0 R · 9 other
Rhode Island 0 D · 0 R · 2 other
Rhode Island 1 D · 0 R · 1 other
Tennessee 7 D · 0 R · 4 other
Tennessee 6 D · 0 R · 5 other
Utah 0 D · 0 R
Utah 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Who joined and who left (141 in · 138 out)
John Bragg D
Alabama-1
James Abercrombie W
Alabama-2
William Russell Smith D
Alabama-4
Alexander White W
Alabama-7
George Smith Houston D
Alabama-5
Edward Colston Marshall D
California-AL
Charles Chapman W
Connecticut-1
Colin Macrae Ingersoll D
Connecticut-2
Origen Storrs Seymour D
Connecticut-4
George Read Riddle D
Delaware-AL
Joseph Webber Jackson SR
Georgia-1
James Johnson U
Georgia-2
Charles Murphey U
Georgia-4
David Jackson Bailey SR
Georgia-3
Elijah Webb Chastain D
Georgia-5
Junius Hillyer D
Georgia-6
Lincoln Clark D
Iowa-2
Bernhart Henn D
Iowa-1
Thompson Campbell D
Illinois-6
Orlando Bell Ficklin D
Illinois-3
Richard Sheppard Molony D
Illinois-4
Willis Allen D
Illinois-2
Richard Yates W
Illinois-7
Samuel Wilson Parker W
Indiana-4
Daniel Mace D
Indiana-8
Samuel Brenton W
Indiana-10
James Lockhart D
Indiana-1
John Givan Davis D
Indiana-7
Thomas Andrews Hendricks D
Indiana-5
James W. Stone D
Kentucky-5
William Thomas Ward W
Kentucky-4
Addison White W
Kentucky-6
Presley Underwood Ewing W
Kentucky-3
Benjamin Edwards Grey W
Kentucky-2
William Preston W
Kentucky-7
John Cabell Breckinridge D
Kentucky-8
Joseph Aristide Landry W
Louisiana-2
John Moore W
Louisiana-4
Alexander Gordon Penn D
Louisiana-3
Louis St. Martin D
Louisiana-1
George Thomas Davis W
Massachusetts-6
Lorenzo Sabine W
Massachusetts-4
John Zacheus Goodrich W
Massachusetts-7
Zeno Scudder W
Massachusetts-10
William Appleton W
Massachusetts-1
Francis Ball Fay W
Massachusetts-2
Joseph Stewart Cottman IW
Maryland-6
Thomas Yates Walsh W
Maryland-4
Charles Andrews D
Maine-4
John Appleton D
Maine-2
Robert Goodenow W
Maine-3
Ephraim Knight Smart D
Maine-5
Moses Macdonald D
Maine-1
Israel Washburn Jr. W
Maine-6
James Lockwood Conger W
Michigan-3
Ebenezer Jenckes Penniman W
Michigan-1
Charles Edward Stuart D
Michigan-2
John Fletcher Darby W
Missouri-1
John Gaines Miller W
Missouri-3
Gilchrist Porter W
Missouri-2
John D. Freeman U
Mississippi-3
Benjamin Duke Nabers U
Mississippi-1
John A. Wilcox U
Mississippi-2
Alfred Dockery W
North Carolina-3
James Turner Morehead W
North Carolina-4
Jared Perkins W
New Hampshire-3
George Houston Brown W
New Jersey-4
Rodman McCamley Price D
New Jersey-5
Charles Skelton D
New Jersey-2
Nathan Taylor Stratton D
New Jersey-1
Richard Hanson Weightman D
New Mexico-AL
Leander Babcock D
New York-23
Obadiah Bowne W
New York-2
John Huggins Boyd W
New York-14
Alexander Hamilton Buell D
New York-17
John Gelston Floyd D
New York-1
Emanuel Bernard Hart D
New York-3
Augustus Porter Hascall W
New York-33
John Henry Hobart Haws W
New York-4
Jerediah Horsford W
New York-29
Thomas Y. Howe Jr. D
New York-25
Willard Ives D
New York-19
Timothy Jenkins D
New York-20
Frederick Stanley Martin W
New York-31
Reuben Robie D
New York-30
Joseph Russell D
New York-15
Marius Schoonmaker W
New York-10
David Lowrey Seymour D
New York-12
William W. Snow D
New York-21
Abraham P. Stephens D
New York-7
Josiah Sutherland D
New York-11
Henry Sanford Walbridge W
New York-26
John Wells W
New York-16
Gilbert Dean D
New York-8
Daniel Terryll Jones D
New York-24
William Murray D
New York-9
Solomon George Haven W
New York-32
Nelson Barrere W
Ohio-7
Hiram Bell W
Ohio-3
George Henry Busby D
Ohio-11
James Madison Gaylord D
Ohio-13
Alexander Harper W
Ohio-14
John Johnson ID
Ohio-16
Eben Newton W
Ohio-19
Norton Strange Townshend D
Ohio-21
John Welch W
Ohio-12
Alfred Peck Edgerton D
Ohio-5
Frederick William Green D
Ohio-6
Benjamin Stanton W
Ohio-4
Joseph Lane D
Oregon-AL
Thomas Marshal Bibighaus W
Pennsylvania-14
Joseph Henry Kuhns W
Pennsylvania-19
John Alexander Morrison D
Pennsylvania-7
Andrew Parker D
Pennsylvania-17
James Gamble D
Pennsylvania-13
Thomas Marshall Howe W
Pennsylvania-21
William Henry Kurtz D
Pennsylvania-15
John McNair D
Pennsylvania-5
John Allison W
Pennsylvania-20
Henry Mills Fuller W
Pennsylvania-11
Jehu Glancy Jones D
Pennsylvania-9
Thomas Birch Florence D
Pennsylvania-1
John Littleton Dawson D
Pennsylvania-18
Carlton Brandaga Curtis D
Pennsylvania-23
Galusha Aaron Grow D
Pennsylvania-12
Benjamin Babock Thurston D
Rhode Island-2
William Aiken D
South Carolina-6
William Hawkins Polk ID
Tennessee-6
William Montgomery Churchwell D
Tennessee-3
William Cullom W
Tennessee-8
Richardson Scurry D
Texas-1
John Milton Bernhisel W
Utah-AL
James French Strother W
Virginia-9
George Western Thompson D
Virginia-15
John Samuels Caskie D
Virginia-6
John Letcher D
Virginia-11
Charles James Faulkner W
Virginia-10
Thomas Bartlett Jr. D
Vermont-4
Ahiman Louis Miner W
Vermont-1
James Meacham W
Vermont-3
Ben C. Eastman D
Wisconsin-2
William Jeffreys Alston W
Alabama-1
Franklin Welsh Bowdon D
Alabama-7
Henry Washington Hilliard W
Alabama-2
David Hubbard D
Alabama-5
Samuel Williams Inge D
Alabama-4
Edward Gilbert D
California-AL
Walter Booth FS
Connecticut-2
Thomas Belden Butler W
Connecticut-4
Loren Pinckney Waldo D
Connecticut-1
John Wallace Houston W
Delaware-AL
Thomas C. Hackett D
Georgia-5
Hugh Anderson Haralson D
Georgia-4
Thomas Butler King W
Georgia-1
Allen Ferdinand Owen W
Georgia-3
Marshall Johnson Wellborn D
Georgia-2
Howell Cobb D
Georgia-6
Shepherd Leffler D
Iowa-2
Daniel Fry Miller W
Iowa-1
Timothy Roberts Young D
Illinois-3
Thomas Langrell Harris D
Illinois-7
Edward Dickinson Baker W
Illinois-6
John Alexander McClernand D
Illinois-2
John Wentworth D
Illinois-4
Nathaniel Albertson D
Indiana-1
William John Brown D
Indiana-5
Edward Wilson McGaughey W
Indiana-7
Andrew Jackson Harlan D
Indiana-10
George Washington Julian FS
Indiana-4
Joseph Ewing McDonald D
Indiana-8
Daniel Breck W
Kentucky-6
George Alfred Caldwell D
Kentucky-4
James Leeper Johnson W
Kentucky-2
Finis Ewing McLean W
Kentucky-3
Charles Slaughter Morehead W
Kentucky-8
John Burton Thompson W
Kentucky-5
Humphrey Marshall W
Kentucky-7
Henry Adams Bullard W
Louisiana-2
John Henry Harmanson D
Louisiana-3
Emile La Sére D
Louisiana-1
Isaac Edward Morse D
Louisiana-4
George Ashmun W
Massachusetts-6
Samuel Atkins Eliot W
Massachusetts-1
Joseph Grinnell W
Massachusetts-10
Daniel Putnam King W
Massachusetts-2
Julius Rockwell W
Massachusetts-7
John Bozman Kerr W
Maryland-6
Robert Milligan McLane D
Maryland-4
Elbridge Gerry D
Maine-1
Rufus King Goodenow W
Maine-4
Nathaniel Swett Littlefield D
Maine-2
John Otis W
Maine-3
Cullen Sawtelle D
Maine-5
Charles Stetson D
Maine-6
Alexander Woodruff Buel D
Michigan-1
William Sprague W
Michigan-2
Kinsley Scott Bingham D
Michigan-3
William Van Ness Bay D
Missouri-2
James Butler Bowlin D
Missouri-1
James Stephen Green D
Missouri-3
Winfield Scott Featherston D
Mississippi-2
William McWillie D
Mississippi-3
Jacob Thompson D
Mississippi-1
Edmund Deberry W
North Carolina-3
Augustine Henry Shepperd W
North Carolina-4
James Wilson W
New Hampshire-3
Andrew Kessler Hay W
New Jersey-1
James Gore King W
New Jersey-5
John Van Dyke W
New Jersey-4
William Augustus Newell W
New Jersey-2
Henry Porteous Alexander W
New York-17
George Rex Andrews W
New York-14
David Alexander Bokee W
New York-2
Charles Ezra Clarke W
New York-19
Harmon Sweatland Conger W
New York-25
William Duer W
New York-23
Daniel Gott W
New York-24
Herman Day Gould W
New York-10
Ransom Halloway W
New York-8
William Terry Jackson W
New York-26
John Alsop King W
New York-1
Thomas McKissock W
New York-9
William Nelson W
New York-7
Jonas Phillips Phoenix W
New York-3
Harvey Putnam W
New York-33
Gideon Reynolds W
New York-12
Elijah Risley W
New York-31
Robert Lawson Rose W
New York-29
David Rumsey W
New York-30
Peter Henry Silvester W
New York-11
John Richardson Thurman W
New York-15
Walter Underhill W
New York-4
Hiram Walden D
New York-21
Hugh White W
New York-16
Orsamus Benajah Matteson W
New York-20
Elbridge Gerry Spaulding W
New York-32
John Bell W
Ohio-6
John Crowell W
Ohio-19
Nathan Evans W
Ohio-14
Moses Hoagland D
Ohio-16
John Krepps Miller D
Ohio-11
Jonathan David Morris D
Ohio-7
Emery Davis Potter D
Ohio-5
Joseph Mosley Root FS
Ohio-21
Samuel Finley Vinton W
Ohio-12
William Augustus Whittlesey D
Ohio-13
Moses Bledso Corwin W
Ohio-4
Robert Cumming Schenck W
Ohio-3
Samuel Royal Thurston D
Oregon-AL
John Brisbin D
Pennsylvania-11
Samuel Calvin W
Pennsylvania-17
Joseph Casey W
Pennsylvania-13
Joel Buchanan Danner D
Pennsylvania-15
Jesse Column Dickey W
Pennsylvania-7
John Freedley W
Pennsylvania-5
Moses Hampton W
Pennsylvania-21
Lewis Charles Levin A
Pennsylvania-1
Job Mann D
Pennsylvania-19
Andrew Jackson Ogle W
Pennsylvania-18
Charles Wesley Pitman W
Pennsylvania-14
Robert Rentoul Reed W
Pennsylvania-20
William Strong D
Pennsylvania-9
James Thompson D
Pennsylvania-23
David Wilmot D
Pennsylvania-12
Nathan Fellows Dixon W
Rhode Island-2
Isaac Edward Holmes D
South Carolina-6
Josiah McNair Anderson W
Tennessee-3
Andrew Ewing D
Tennessee-8
James Houston Thomas D
Tennessee-6
David Spangler Kaufman D
Texas-1
Thomas Sherwood Haymond W
Virginia-15
James McDowell D
Virginia-11
Jeremiah Morton W
Virginia-9
Richard Parker D
Virginia-10
James Alexander Seddon D
Virginia-6
William Henry W
Vermont-1
George Perkins Marsh W
Vermont-3
Lucius Benedict Peck D
Vermont-4
Orsamus Cole W
Wisconsin-2
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+8Congress.gov ↗
Complete lists of public laws start with the 93rd Congress (Jan 3, 1973). Earlier years show notable and landmark acts only.
8 laws recorded · 0 landmark · 8 notable
Compromise of 1850
Ch. 49, Sess. 1, 31st Cong. · Sep 9, 1850
Fugitive Slave Act
Ch. 60, Sess. 1, 31st Cong. · Sep 18, 1850
"An Act to suppress the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia
Ch. 63, Sess. 1, 31st Cong. · Sep 20, 1850
Donation Land Claim Act
Ch. 76, Sess. 1, 31st Cong. · Sep 27, 1850
California Land Act of 1851
Ch. 41, Sess. 2, 31st Cong. · Mar 3, 1851
Limitation of Liability Act of 1851
Ch. 43, Sess. 2, 31st Cong. · Mar 3, 1851
Coinage Act of 1853
Ch. 79, Sess. 2, 32nd Cong. · Feb 21, 1853
An act providing for administering the oath of office to William R. King
Ch. 93, Sess. 2, 32nd Cong. · Mar 2, 1853

Judicial3 files+236−2

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
+1−2Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 8 D · 1 W → 6 D · 2 W · every justice ↗
John McKinley D
appointed by Martin Van Buren · 1837
Levi Woodbury D
appointed by James K. Polk · 1846
Benjamin Robbins Curtis W
appointed by Millard Fillmore · 1851
7 justices served on both dates
John McLean D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1829
James Moore Wayne D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1835
Roger Brooke Taney D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1836
John Catron D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1837
Peter Vivian Daniel D
appointed by Martin Van Buren · 1841
Samuel Nelson W
appointed by John Tyler · 1845
Robert Cooper Grier D
appointed by James K. Polk · 1846
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+9Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): →
District courts (active judges): 20 D · 9 W · 6 JR · 4 N( · 1 N( → 19 D · 12 W · 6 N( · 5 JR · 2 N(
Zachary Taylor W appointed 1 judge
1 district
None (reassignment) N( appointed 2 judges
2 district
Millard Fillmore W appointed 5 judges
1 Supreme Court · 4 district
None (assignment) N( appointed 1 judge
1 district
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+226Supreme Court Database ↗
226 argued decisions · 1 landmark
United States v. Ferreira
54 U.S. 40 · Mar 2, 1852 · Decided 8–0 · Judicial Power · Dismissed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal2 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
OMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year undefined → fiscal year undefined · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$3MTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$63M
as of Jul 1, 1850
$66M
as of Jul 1, 1852

Constitution & Union1 file+1

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
+1National Archives ↗
12 → 12 amendments in force · 30 → 31 states
California joins the Union
admitted Sep 9, 1850

Reverts1 file−1

revert/undoneWhat was undone
−1Federal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
0 executive orders revoked or superseded · 0 rules struck down by Congress · 1 Supreme Court precedent overruled
1 decision that overruled precedent
The Propeller Genesee Chief v. Fitzhugh
Feb 20, 1852 · 8-1 · Economic Activity
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted), and those records begin in 1994. Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
12 events
Millard Fillmore takes office · 1850-07-09California · 1850-09-09Compromise of 1850 · 1850-09-09Fugitive Slave Act · 1850-09-18"An Act to suppress the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia · 1850-09-20Donation Land Claim Act · 1850-09-27California Land Act of 1851 · 1851-03-03Limitation of Liability Act of 1851 · 1851-03-03Benjamin Robbins Curtis — Associate Justice · 1851-12-20United States v. Ferreira · 1852-03-02Coinage Act of 1853 · 1853-02-21An act providing for administering the oath of office to William R. King · 1853-03-02185118521853
  1. presidentMillard Fillmore takes office
  2. stateCalifornia
  3. lawCompromise of 1850
  4. lawFugitive Slave Act
  5. law"An Act to suppress the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia
  6. lawDonation Land Claim Act
  7. lawCalifornia Land Act of 1851
  8. lawLimitation of Liability Act of 1851
  9. justiceBenjamin Robbins Curtis — Associate Justice
  10. rulingUnited States v. Ferreira
  11. lawCoinage Act of 1853
  12. lawAn act providing for administering the oath of office to William R. King