How did the United States change between and ?

Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → now
civicdiff.com/1841-04-04...1845-03-03 · 3.9 years json
18 files changed, 424 insertions(+), 29 deletions(−)
Laws enacted
+6
major laws · full counts from 1973
Executive orders
—
records start in 1994
Final rules
—
records start in 1994
Supreme Court
1 of 8
seats changed hands
Agencies
+0 −0
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$18M
$5M → $23M

The presidency passed from William Henry Harrison to John Tyler. 39 senators and 209 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 1 new justice joined the Supreme Court.

Executive5 files+5−8

executive/presidentThe presidency
+1−1National Archives ↗
William Henry Harrison W
9th president
John Tyler W
10th president · took office Apr 4, 1841
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
+1−1Senate Historical Office ↗
John Tyler W
vacant
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+3−6Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 2 people took this office in between
Daniel Webster W
John C. Calhoun DR
Secretary of the Treasury · 3 people took this office in between
Thomas Ewing W
George M. Bibb D
Secretary of War · 2 people took this office in between
John Bell DR
vacant on Mar 3, 1845
next: William L. Marcy D · Mar 6, 1845
Attorney General · 2 people took this office in between
John J. Crittenden W
John Nelson W
Secretary of the Navy · 3 people took this office in between
George Edmund Badger W
vacant on Mar 3, 1845
next: George Bancroft D · Mar 11, 1845
Other senior officials (1 changed)
Secretary of the Navy · 3 people took this office in between
George Edmund Badger W
vacant on Mar 3, 1845
next: George Bancroft D · Mar 11, 1845
executive/ordersExecutive orders
no dataFederal Register API ↗
Federal Register records of executive orders begin in 1994.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
±0Wikidata ↗
24 → 24 tracked organizations · 5 → 5 executive departments
No agencies created or abolished in this window.
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.

Military1 file±0

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
±0UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 0 armed conflicts → 0
The U.S. was not a party to any armed conflict in this window (conflict records start in 1946).
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.

Legislative4 files+254−18

legislative/controlControl of Congress
0 changesHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublicanOther
27th Congress → 28th Congress · 1 new Congress elected
0 changes of chamber control along the way
House: null majority on both dates
→ 133 D · 72 W
Senate: Democrat majority on both dates
16 D · 15 W → 27 W · 24 D
legislative/senateSenate
+39−18congress-legislators ↗
Apr 4, 1841 · 16 D · 15 W
Clement Comer Clay (Democrat, AL)Ambrose Hundley Sevier (Democrat, AR)Perry Smith (Democrat, CT)Alfred Cuthbert (Democrat, GA)Richard Montgomery Young (Democrat, IL)Alexander Mouton (Democrat, LA)Reuel Williams (Democrat, ME)Lewis Fields Linn (Democrat, MO)Thomas Hart Benton (Democrat, MO)Franklin Pierce (Democrat, NH)Silas Wright Jr. (Democrat, NY)William Allen (Democrat, OH)Benjamin Tappan (Democrat, OH)James Buchanan (Democrat, PA)Daniel Sturgeon (Democrat, PA)Alfred Osborn Pope Nicholson (Democrat, TN)Jabez Williams Huntington (Whig, CT)Oliver Hampton Smith (Whig, IN)Albert Smith White (Whig, IN)Henry Clay (Whig, KY)William Duhurst Merrick (Whig, MD)Augustus Seymour Porter (Whig, MI)John Henderson (Whig, MS)William Alexander Graham (Whig, NC)Willie Person Mangum (Whig, NC)Samuel Lewis Southard (Whig, NJ)Nathaniel Pitcher Tallmadge (Whig, NY)Nathan Fellows Dixon (Whig, RI)William Campbell Preston (Whig, SC)Samuel Prentiss (Whig, VT)Samuel Shethar Phelps (Whig, VT)
Mar 3, 1845 · 27 W · 24 D · 1 LaO
Arthur Pendleton Bagby (Democrat, AL)Dixon Hall Lewis (Democrat, AL)Ambrose Hundley Sevier (Democrat, AR)Chester Ashley (Democrat, AR)John Milton Niles (Democrat, CT)Walter Terry Colquitt (Democrat, GA)James Semple (Democrat, IL)Sidney Breese (Democrat, IL)Edward Allen Hannegan (Democrat, IN)John Fairfield (Democrat, ME)Thomas Hart Benton (Democrat, MO)David Rice Atchison (Democrat, MO)Robert John Walker (Democrat, MS)William Henry Haywood Jr. (Democrat, NC)Levi Woodbury (Democrat, NH)Charles Gordon Atherton (Democrat, NH)Daniel Stevens Dickinson (Democrat, NY)Henry Allen Foster (Democrat, NY)Benjamin Tappan (Democrat, OH)William Allen (Democrat, OH)Daniel Sturgeon (Democrat, PA)James Buchanan (Democrat, PA)Daniel Elliott Huger (Democrat, SC)George McDuffie (Democrat, SC)John Brown Francis (Law and Order, RI)Jabez Williams Huntington (Whig, CT)Richard Henry Bayard (Whig, DE)Thomas Clayton (Whig, DE)John Macpherson Berrien (Whig, GA)Albert Smith White (Whig, IN)James Turner Morehead (Whig, KY)John Jordan Crittenden (Whig, KY)Alexander Barrow (Whig, LA)Henry Johnson (Whig, LA)Rufus Choate (Whig, MA)Isaac Chapman Bates (Whig, MA)William Duhurst Merrick (Whig, MD)James Alfred Pearce (Whig, MD)George Evans (Whig, ME)Augustus Seymour Porter (Whig, MI)William Woodbridge (Whig, MI)John Henderson (Whig, MS)Willie Person Mangum (Whig, NC)Jacob Welsh Miller (Whig, NJ)William Lewis Dayton (Whig, NJ)James Fowler Simmons (Whig, RI)Ephraim Hubbard Foster (Whig, TN)Spencer Jarnagin (Whig, TN)William Cabell Rives (Whig, VA)William Segar Archer (Whig, VA)Samuel Shethar Phelps (Whig, VT)William Upham (Whig, VT)
39 new members · 18 departed · 13 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 47 → 48
7 seats changed party
Nathaniel Pitcher Tallmadge W
New York seat
Daniel Stevens Dickinson D
New York seat
Nathan Fellows Dixon W
Rhode Island seat
John Brown Francis LaO
Rhode Island seat
Alfred Osborn Pope Nicholson D
Tennessee seat
Ephraim Hubbard Foster W
Tennessee seat
William Campbell Preston W
South Carolina seat
George McDuffie D
South Carolina seat
Show 3 more seat flips
William Alexander Graham W
North Carolina seat
William Henry Haywood Jr. D
North Carolina seat
Oliver Hampton Smith W
Indiana seat
Edward Allen Hannegan D
Indiana seat
Alexander Mouton D
Louisiana seat
Henry Johnson W
Louisiana seat
Who joined and who left (39 in · 18 out)
Arthur Pendleton Bagby D
Alabama
Dixon Hall Lewis D
Alabama
Chester Ashley D
Arkansas
John Milton Niles D
Connecticut
Richard Henry Bayard W
Delaware
Thomas Clayton W
Delaware
John Macpherson Berrien W
Georgia
Walter Terry Colquitt D
Georgia
James Semple D
Illinois
Sidney Breese D
Illinois
Edward Allen Hannegan D
Indiana
James Turner Morehead W
Kentucky
John Jordan Crittenden W
Kentucky
Alexander Barrow W
Louisiana
Henry Johnson W
Louisiana
Rufus Choate W
Massachusetts
Isaac Chapman Bates W
Massachusetts
James Alfred Pearce W
Maryland
George Evans W
Maine
John Fairfield D
Maine
William Woodbridge W
Michigan
David Rice Atchison D
Missouri
Robert John Walker D
Mississippi
William Henry Haywood Jr. D
North Carolina
Levi Woodbury D
New Hampshire
Charles Gordon Atherton D
New Hampshire
Jacob Welsh Miller W
New Jersey
William Lewis Dayton W
New Jersey
Daniel Stevens Dickinson D
New York
Henry Allen Foster D
New York
James Fowler Simmons W
Rhode Island
John Brown Francis LaO
Rhode Island
Daniel Elliott Huger D
South Carolina
George McDuffie D
South Carolina
Ephraim Hubbard Foster W
Tennessee
Spencer Jarnagin W
Tennessee
William Cabell Rives W
Virginia
William Segar Archer W
Virginia
William Upham W
Vermont
Clement Comer Clay D
Alabama
Perry Smith D
Connecticut
Alfred Cuthbert D
Georgia
Richard Montgomery Young D
Illinois
Oliver Hampton Smith W
Indiana
Henry Clay W
Kentucky
Alexander Mouton D
Louisiana
Reuel Williams D
Maine
Lewis Fields Linn D
Missouri
William Alexander Graham W
North Carolina
Franklin Pierce D
New Hampshire
Samuel Lewis Southard W
New Jersey
Silas Wright Jr. D
New York
Nathaniel Pitcher Tallmadge W
New York
Nathan Fellows Dixon W
Rhode Island
William Campbell Preston W
South Carolina
Alfred Osborn Pope Nicholson D
Tennessee
Samuel Prentiss W
Vermont
legislative/houseHouse
+209congress-legislators ↗
Apr 4, 1841 ·
No data
Mar 3, 1845 · 133 D · 72 W · 2 LaO · 1 ID · 1 IW
James Edwin Belser (Democrat, AL-2)Reuben Chapman (Democrat, AL-6)Felix Grundy McConnell (Democrat, AL-7)William Winter Payne (Democrat, AL-4)George Smith Houston (Democrat, AL-5)William Lowndes Yancey (Democrat, AL-3)Edward Cross (Democrat, AR-1)George Smith Catlin (Democrat, CT-3)Thomas Hart Seymour (Democrat, CT-1)Samuel Simons (Democrat, CT-4)John Stewart (Democrat, CT-2)David Levy Yulee (Democrat, FL-AL)Edward Junius Black (Democrat, GA-AL)Augustus Caesar Dodge (Democrat, IA-AL)Joseph Pendleton Hoge (Democrat, IL-6)Orlando Bell Ficklin (Democrat, IL-3)Robert Smith (Democrat, IL-1)Stephen Arnold Douglas (Democrat, IL-5)John Alexander McClernand (Democrat, IL-2)John Wentworth (Democrat, IL-4)John Wesley Davis (Democrat, IN-6)Andrew Kennedy (Democrat, IN-10)Robert Dale Owen (Democrat, IN-1)Thomas Smith (Democrat, IN-3)Thomas Jefferson Henley (Democrat, IN-2)William John Brown (Democrat, IN-5)John Pettit (Democrat, IN-8)Joseph Albert Wright (Democrat, IN-7)John Wooleston Tibbatts (Democrat, KY-10)Richard French (Democrat, KY-9)George Alfred Caldwell (Democrat, KY-4)James W. Stone (Democrat, KY-5)Linn Boyd (Democrat, KY-1)Pierre Jean Baptiste Evariste Bossier (Democrat, LA-4)Alcée Louis La Branche (Democrat, LA-2)John Bennett Dawson (Democrat, LA-3)John Slidell (Democrat, LA-1)William Parmenter (Democrat, MA-4)Henry Williams (Democrat, MA-9)Shepard Cary (Democrat, ME-7)Joshua Herrick (Democrat, ME-1)Benjamin White (Democrat, ME-5)Robert Pinckney Dunlap (Democrat, ME-2)Hannibal Hamlin (Democrat, ME-6)Lucius Lyon (Democrat, MI-2)James Bennett Hunt (Democrat, MI-3)Robert McClelland (Democrat, MI-1)Gustavus Miller Bower (Democrat, MO-AL)William Henry Hammett (Democrat, MS-AL)Archibald Hunter Arrington (Democrat, NC-8)Romulus Mitchell Saunders (Democrat, NC-5)James Iver McKay (Democrat, NC-6)John Reeves Jones Daniel (Democrat, NC-7)David Settle Reid (Democrat, NC-3)Edmund Burke (Democrat, NH-AL)Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus Elmer (Democrat, NJ-1)Isaac Gray Farlee (Democrat, NJ-3)Littleton Kirkpatrick (Democrat, NJ-4)George Sykes (Democrat, NJ-2)Samuel Beardsley (Democrat, NY-20)Jeremiah Eaton Cary (Democrat, NY-21)James Graham Clinton (Democrat, NY-9)Amasa Dana (Democrat, NY-26)Richard David Davis (Democrat, NY-8)Chesselden Ellis (Democrat, NY-16)Byram Green (Democrat, NY-27)William Spring Hubbell (Democrat, NY-30)Moses Gage Leonard (Democrat, NY-5)Zadock Pratt (Democrat, NY-11)Smith Meade Purdy (Democrat, NY-22)Orville Robinson (Democrat, NY-23)Jeremiah Russell (Democrat, NY-10)Lemuel Stetson (Democrat, NY-15)Selah Brewster Strong (Democrat, NY-1)Joseph Halstead Anderson (Democrat, NY-7)Charles Swan Benton (Democrat, NY-17)Orville Hungerford (Democrat, NY-19)George Oscar Rathbun (Democrat, NY-25)Horace Wheaton (Democrat, NY-24)Henry Cruse Murphy (Democrat, NY-2)David Lowrey Seymour (Democrat, NY-12)Preston King (Democrat, NY-18)William Brown Maclay (Democrat, NY-4)Henry Roelif Brinkerhoff (Democrat, OH-21)Ezra Dean (Democrat, OH-18)Alexander Duncan (Democrat, OH-1)James Mathews (Democrat, OH-16)William Cochran McCauslen (Democrat, OH-17)Heman Allen Moore (Democrat, OH-10)Jacob Brinkerhoff (Democrat, OH-11)Joseph Jefferson McDowell (Democrat, OH-7)Joseph Morris (Democrat, OH-15)Henry St. John (Democrat, OH-6)Emery Davis Potter (Democrat, OH-5)John B. Weller (Democrat, OH-2)Benjamin Alden Bidlack (Democrat, PA-11)George Fuller (Democrat, PA-12)Samuel Hays (Democrat, PA-22)John T. Smith (Democrat, PA-3)William Wilkins (Democrat, PA-21)James Black (Democrat, PA-16)John Ritter (Democrat, PA-9)Jacob Senewell Yost (Democrat, PA-5)Charles Jared Ingersoll (Democrat, PA-4)Richard Brodhead (Democrat, PA-10)Henry Donnel Foster (Democrat, PA-19)John Campbell (Democrat, SC-4)James Augustus Black (Democrat, SC-1)Richard Franklin Simpson (Democrat, SC-2)Isaac Edward Holmes (Democrat, SC-6)Robert Barnwell Rhett (Democrat, SC-7)Armistead Burt (Democrat, SC-5)Joseph Addison Woodward (Democrat, SC-3)Julius W. Blackwell (Democrat, TN-3)Aaron Venable Brown (Democrat, TN-6)Cave Johnson (Democrat, TN-9)Alvan Cullom (Democrat, TN-4)George Washington Jones (Democrat, TN-5)Andrew Johnson (Democrat, TN-1)Walter Coles (Democrat, VA-3)Thomas Walker Gilmer (Democrat, VA-5)John Winston Jones (Democrat, VA-6)William Lucas (Democrat, VA-10)Lewis Steenrod (Democrat, VA-15)Henry Alexander Wise (Democrat, VA-7)Augustus Alexandria Chapman (Democrat, VA-12)Edmund Wilcox Hubard (Democrat, VA-4)William Taylor (Democrat, VA-11)Archibald Atkinson (Democrat, VA-1)George Coke Dromgoole (Democrat, VA-2)George Washington Hopkins (Democrat, VA-13)Paul Dillingham Jr. (Democrat, VT-4)Henry Dodge (Democrat, WI-AL)William Wright (Ind. Whig, NJ-5)Henry Nes (Ind. Democrat, PA-15)Elisha Reynolds Potter (Law and Order, RI-2)Henry Young Cranston (Law and Order, RI-1)James Dellet (Whig, AL-1)George Brydges Rodney (Whig, DE-AL)John J. Hardin (Whig, IL-7)Samuel Caldwell Sample (Whig, IN-9)Caleb Blood Smith (Whig, IN-4)Willis Green (Whig, KY-2)John White (Whig, KY-6)William Poindexter Thomasson (Whig, KY-7)Henry Grider (Whig, KY-3)Garrett Davis (Whig, KY-8)Osmyn Baker (Whig, MA-6)Barker Burnell (Whig, MA-10)Amos Abbott (Whig, MA-3)John Quincy Adams (Whig, MA-8)Charles Hudson (Whig, MA-5)Daniel Putnam King (Whig, MA-2)Robert Charles Winthrop (Whig, MA-1)Julius Rockwell (Whig, MA-7)Francis Brengle (Whig, MD-2)John M. S. Causin (Whig, MD-1)John Pendleton Kennedy (Whig, MD-4)Jacob Alexander Preston (Whig, MD-5)Thomas Ara Spence (Whig, MD-6)John Wethered (Whig, MD-3)Luther Severance (Whig, ME-3)Freeman Harlow Morse (Whig, ME-4)Kenneth Rayner (Whig, NC-9)Daniel Moreau Barringer (Whig, NC-2)Edmund Deberry (Whig, NC-4)Thomas Lanier Clingman (Whig, NC-1)Daniel Dewey Barnard (Whig, NY-13)Thomas J. Patterson (Whig, NY-28)Charles Rogers (Whig, NY-14)Asher Tyler (Whig, NY-31)Charles Holker Carroll (Whig, NY-29)William Abbott Moseley (Whig, NY-32)Albert Smith (Whig, NY-33)Washington Hunt (Whig, NY-34)Jonas Phillips Phoenix (Whig, NY-3)Hamilton Fish (Whig, NY-6)Elias Florence (Whig, OH-9)Perley Brown Johnson (Whig, OH-13)John Inskeep Vanmeter (Whig, OH-8)Daniel Rose Tilden (Whig, OH-19)Joseph Vance (Whig, OH-4)Samuel Finley Vinton (Whig, OH-12)Alexander Harper (Whig, OH-14)Joshua Reed Giddings (Whig, OH-20)Robert Cumming Schenck (Whig, OH-3)Jeremiah Brown (Whig, PA-8)Henry Frick (Whig, PA-13)James Irvin (Whig, PA-17)Michael Hutchinson Jenks (Whig, PA-6)Charles Manning Reed (Whig, PA-23)Joseph Buffington (Whig, PA-24)John Dickey (Whig, PA-20)Joseph Reed Ingersoll (Whig, PA-2)Abraham Robinson McIlvaine (Whig, PA-7)Andrew Stewart (Whig, PA-18)Edward Joy Morris (Whig, PA-1)Alexander Ramsey (Whig, PA-14)John Baptista Ashe (Whig, TN-10)David W. Dickinson (Whig, TN-7)William Tandy Senter (Whig, TN-2)Milton Brown (Whig, TN-11)Joseph Hopkins Peyton (Whig, TN-8)Samuel Chilton (Whig, VA-9)Willoughby Newton (Whig, VA-8)George William Summers (Whig, VA-14)George Perkins Marsh (Whig, VT-3)Jacob Collamer (Whig, VT-2)Solomon Foot (Whig, VT-1)
209 new members · 0 departed · 0 served on both dates · women 0 → 0
29 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alabama 0 D · 0 R
Alabama 6 D · 0 R · 1 other
Arkansas 0 D · 0 R
Arkansas 1 D · 0 R
Connecticut 0 D · 0 R
Connecticut 4 D · 0 R
Delaware 0 D · 0 R
Delaware 0 D · 0 R · 1 other
Florida 0 D · 0 R
Florida 1 D · 0 R
Georgia 0 D · 0 R
Georgia 1 D · 0 R
Iowa 0 D · 0 R
Iowa 1 D · 0 R
Illinois 0 D · 0 R
Illinois 6 D · 0 R · 1 other
Indiana 0 D · 0 R
Indiana 8 D · 0 R · 2 other
Kentucky 0 D · 0 R
Kentucky 5 D · 0 R · 5 other
Louisiana 0 D · 0 R
Louisiana 4 D · 0 R
Massachusetts 0 D · 0 R
Massachusetts 2 D · 0 R · 8 other
Maryland 0 D · 0 R
Maryland 0 D · 0 R · 6 other
Maine 0 D · 0 R
Maine 5 D · 0 R · 2 other
Michigan 0 D · 0 R
Michigan 3 D · 0 R
Missouri 0 D · 0 R
Missouri 1 D · 0 R
Mississippi 0 D · 0 R
Mississippi 1 D · 0 R
North Carolina 0 D · 0 R
North Carolina 5 D · 0 R · 4 other
New Hampshire 0 D · 0 R
New Hampshire 1 D · 0 R
New Jersey 0 D · 0 R
New Jersey 4 D · 0 R · 1 other
New York 0 D · 0 R
New York 24 D · 0 R · 10 other
Ohio 0 D · 0 R
Ohio 12 D · 0 R · 9 other
Pennsylvania 0 D · 0 R
Pennsylvania 11 D · 0 R · 13 other
Rhode Island 0 D · 0 R
Rhode Island 0 D · 0 R · 2 other
South Carolina 0 D · 0 R
South Carolina 7 D · 0 R
Tennessee 0 D · 0 R
Tennessee 6 D · 0 R · 5 other
Virginia 0 D · 0 R
Virginia 12 D · 0 R · 3 other
Vermont 0 D · 0 R
Vermont 1 D · 0 R · 3 other
Wisconsin 0 D · 0 R
Wisconsin 1 D · 0 R
Who joined and who left (209 in · 0 out)
James Edwin Belser D
Alabama-2
James Dellet W
Alabama-1
Reuben Chapman D
Alabama-6
Felix Grundy McConnell D
Alabama-7
William Winter Payne D
Alabama-4
George Smith Houston D
Alabama-5
William Lowndes Yancey D
Alabama-3
Edward Cross D
Arkansas-1
George Smith Catlin D
Connecticut-3
Thomas Hart Seymour D
Connecticut-1
Samuel Simons D
Connecticut-4
John Stewart D
Connecticut-2
George Brydges Rodney W
Delaware-AL
David Levy Yulee D
Florida-AL
Edward Junius Black D
Georgia-AL
Augustus Caesar Dodge D
Iowa-AL
John J. Hardin W
Illinois-7
Joseph Pendleton Hoge D
Illinois-6
Orlando Bell Ficklin D
Illinois-3
Robert Smith D
Illinois-1
Stephen Arnold Douglas D
Illinois-5
John Alexander McClernand D
Illinois-2
John Wentworth D
Illinois-4
Samuel Caldwell Sample W
Indiana-9
John Wesley Davis D
Indiana-6
Andrew Kennedy D
Indiana-10
Robert Dale Owen D
Indiana-1
Thomas Smith D
Indiana-3
Thomas Jefferson Henley D
Indiana-2
Caleb Blood Smith W
Indiana-4
William John Brown D
Indiana-5
John Pettit D
Indiana-8
Joseph Albert Wright D
Indiana-7
Willis Green W
Kentucky-2
John White W
Kentucky-6
William Poindexter Thomasson W
Kentucky-7
John Wooleston Tibbatts D
Kentucky-10
Richard French D
Kentucky-9
George Alfred Caldwell D
Kentucky-4
James W. Stone D
Kentucky-5
Linn Boyd D
Kentucky-1
Henry Grider W
Kentucky-3
Garrett Davis W
Kentucky-8
Pierre Jean Baptiste Evariste Bossier D
Louisiana-4
Alcée Louis La Branche D
Louisiana-2
John Bennett Dawson D
Louisiana-3
John Slidell D
Louisiana-1
Osmyn Baker W
Massachusetts-6
Barker Burnell W
Massachusetts-10
William Parmenter D
Massachusetts-4
Henry Williams D
Massachusetts-9
Amos Abbott W
Massachusetts-3
John Quincy Adams W
Massachusetts-8
Charles Hudson W
Massachusetts-5
Daniel Putnam King W
Massachusetts-2
Robert Charles Winthrop W
Massachusetts-1
Julius Rockwell W
Massachusetts-7
Francis Brengle W
Maryland-2
John M. S. Causin W
Maryland-1
John Pendleton Kennedy W
Maryland-4
Jacob Alexander Preston W
Maryland-5
Thomas Ara Spence W
Maryland-6
John Wethered W
Maryland-3
Shepard Cary D
Maine-7
Joshua Herrick D
Maine-1
Benjamin White D
Maine-5
Robert Pinckney Dunlap D
Maine-2
Luther Severance W
Maine-3
Freeman Harlow Morse W
Maine-4
Hannibal Hamlin D
Maine-6
Lucius Lyon D
Michigan-2
James Bennett Hunt D
Michigan-3
Robert McClelland D
Michigan-1
Gustavus Miller Bower D
Missouri-AL
William Henry Hammett D
Mississippi-AL
Archibald Hunter Arrington D
North Carolina-8
Kenneth Rayner W
North Carolina-9
Romulus Mitchell Saunders D
North Carolina-5
Daniel Moreau Barringer W
North Carolina-2
James Iver McKay D
North Carolina-6
Edmund Deberry W
North Carolina-4
John Reeves Jones Daniel D
North Carolina-7
David Settle Reid D
North Carolina-3
Thomas Lanier Clingman W
North Carolina-1
Edmund Burke D
New Hampshire-AL
Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus Elmer D
New Jersey-1
Isaac Gray Farlee D
New Jersey-3
Littleton Kirkpatrick D
New Jersey-4
George Sykes D
New Jersey-2
William Wright IW
New Jersey-5
Daniel Dewey Barnard W
New York-13
Samuel Beardsley D
New York-20
Jeremiah Eaton Cary D
New York-21
James Graham Clinton D
New York-9
Amasa Dana D
New York-26
Richard David Davis D
New York-8
Chesselden Ellis D
New York-16
Byram Green D
New York-27
William Spring Hubbell D
New York-30
Moses Gage Leonard D
New York-5
Thomas J. Patterson W
New York-28
Zadock Pratt D
New York-11
Smith Meade Purdy D
New York-22
Orville Robinson D
New York-23
Charles Rogers W
New York-14
Jeremiah Russell D
New York-10
Lemuel Stetson D
New York-15
Selah Brewster Strong D
New York-1
Asher Tyler W
New York-31
Joseph Halstead Anderson D
New York-7
Charles Swan Benton D
New York-17
Charles Holker Carroll W
New York-29
Orville Hungerford D
New York-19
William Abbott Moseley W
New York-32
George Oscar Rathbun D
New York-25
Albert Smith W
New York-33
Horace Wheaton D
New York-24
Washington Hunt W
New York-34
Henry Cruse Murphy D
New York-2
Jonas Phillips Phoenix W
New York-3
Hamilton Fish W
New York-6
David Lowrey Seymour D
New York-12
Preston King D
New York-18
William Brown Maclay D
New York-4
Henry Roelif Brinkerhoff D
Ohio-21
Ezra Dean D
Ohio-18
Alexander Duncan D
Ohio-1
Elias Florence W
Ohio-9
Perley Brown Johnson W
Ohio-13
James Mathews D
Ohio-16
William Cochran McCauslen D
Ohio-17
Heman Allen Moore D
Ohio-10
John Inskeep Vanmeter W
Ohio-8
Jacob Brinkerhoff D
Ohio-11
Joseph Jefferson McDowell D
Ohio-7
Joseph Morris D
Ohio-15
Henry St. John D
Ohio-6
Daniel Rose Tilden W
Ohio-19
Joseph Vance W
Ohio-4
Emery Davis Potter D
Ohio-5
Samuel Finley Vinton W
Ohio-12
Alexander Harper W
Ohio-14
John B. Weller D
Ohio-2
Joshua Reed Giddings W
Ohio-20
Robert Cumming Schenck W
Ohio-3
Benjamin Alden Bidlack D
Pennsylvania-11
Jeremiah Brown W
Pennsylvania-8
Henry Frick W
Pennsylvania-13
George Fuller D
Pennsylvania-12
Samuel Hays D
Pennsylvania-22
James Irvin W
Pennsylvania-17
Michael Hutchinson Jenks W
Pennsylvania-6
Charles Manning Reed W
Pennsylvania-23
John T. Smith D
Pennsylvania-3
William Wilkins D
Pennsylvania-21
James Black D
Pennsylvania-16
Joseph Buffington W
Pennsylvania-24
John Ritter D
Pennsylvania-9
Jacob Senewell Yost D
Pennsylvania-5
John Dickey W
Pennsylvania-20
Charles Jared Ingersoll D
Pennsylvania-4
Joseph Reed Ingersoll W
Pennsylvania-2
Abraham Robinson McIlvaine W
Pennsylvania-7
Andrew Stewart W
Pennsylvania-18
Henry Nes ID
Pennsylvania-15
Richard Brodhead D
Pennsylvania-10
Edward Joy Morris W
Pennsylvania-1
Alexander Ramsey W
Pennsylvania-14
Henry Donnel Foster D
Pennsylvania-19
Elisha Reynolds Potter LaO
Rhode Island-2
Henry Young Cranston LaO
Rhode Island-1
John Campbell D
South Carolina-4
James Augustus Black D
South Carolina-1
Richard Franklin Simpson D
South Carolina-2
Isaac Edward Holmes D
South Carolina-6
Robert Barnwell Rhett D
South Carolina-7
Armistead Burt D
South Carolina-5
Joseph Addison Woodward D
South Carolina-3
John Baptista Ashe W
Tennessee-10
Julius W. Blackwell D
Tennessee-3
Aaron Venable Brown D
Tennessee-6
David W. Dickinson W
Tennessee-7
Cave Johnson D
Tennessee-9
William Tandy Senter W
Tennessee-2
Milton Brown W
Tennessee-11
Alvan Cullom D
Tennessee-4
Joseph Hopkins Peyton W
Tennessee-8
George Washington Jones D
Tennessee-5
Andrew Johnson D
Tennessee-1
Samuel Chilton W
Virginia-9
Walter Coles D
Virginia-3
Thomas Walker Gilmer D
Virginia-5
John Winston Jones D
Virginia-6
William Lucas D
Virginia-10
Willoughby Newton W
Virginia-8
Lewis Steenrod D
Virginia-15
George William Summers W
Virginia-14
Henry Alexander Wise D
Virginia-7
Augustus Alexandria Chapman D
Virginia-12
Edmund Wilcox Hubard D
Virginia-4
William Taylor D
Virginia-11
Archibald Atkinson D
Virginia-1
George Coke Dromgoole D
Virginia-2
George Washington Hopkins D
Virginia-13
Paul Dillingham Jr. D
Vermont-4
George Perkins Marsh W
Vermont-3
Jacob Collamer W
Vermont-2
Solomon Foot W
Vermont-1
Henry Dodge D
Wisconsin-AL
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+6Congress.gov ↗
Complete lists of public laws start with the 93rd Congress (Jan 3, 1973). Earlier years show notable and landmark acts only.
6 laws recorded · 0 landmark · 6 notable
Bankruptcy Act of 1841
Ch. 9, Sess. 1, 27th Cong. · Aug 19, 1841
Preemption Act of 1841
Ch. 16, Sess. 1, 27th Cong. · Sep 4, 1841
Armed Occupation Act
Ch. 122, Sess. 2, 27th Cong. · Aug 4, 1842
Tariff of 1842 ("Black Tariff")
Ch. 270, Sess. 2, 27th Cong. · Aug 30, 1842
Presidential Election Day Act
Ch. 1, Sess. 2, 28th Cong. · Jan 23, 1845
An act relating to revenue cutters and steamers
Ch. 78, Sess. 2, 28th Cong. · Mar 3, 1845

Judicial3 files+164−2

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
+1−2Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 7 D · 2 JR → 6 D · 1 JR · 1 W · every justice ↗
Smith Thompson JR
appointed by James Monroe · 1823
Henry Baldwin D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1830
Samuel Nelson W
appointed by John Tyler · 1845
7 justices served on both dates
Joseph Story JR
appointed by James Madison · 1811
John McLean D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1829
James Moore Wayne D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1835
Roger Brooke Taney D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1836
John Catron D
appointed by Andrew Jackson · 1837
John McKinley D
appointed by Martin Van Buren · 1837
Peter Vivian Daniel D
appointed by Martin Van Buren · 1841
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+9Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): →
District courts (active judges): 19 D · 10 JR · 2 F · 2 N( → 17 D · 9 JR · 5 W · 2 N( · 1 N(
John Tyler W appointed 8 judges
1 Supreme Court · 7 district
None (reassignment) N( appointed 1 judge
1 district
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+154Supreme Court Database ↗
154 argued decisions · 1 landmark
Prigg v. Pennsylvania
41 U.S. 539 · Mar 1, 1842 · Decided 8–1 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded · Struck down state law
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal2 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
OMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year undefined → fiscal year undefined · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$18MTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$5M
as of Jan 1, 1841
$23M
as of Jul 1, 1844

Constitution & Union1 file+1

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
+1National Archives ↗
12 → 12 amendments in force · 26 → 27 states
Florida joins the Union
admitted Mar 3, 1845

Reverts1 file−1

revert/undoneWhat was undone
−1Federal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
0 executive orders revoked or superseded · 0 rules struck down by Congress · 1 Supreme Court precedent overruled
1 decision that overruled precedent
The Louisville, Cincinnati, and Charleston Rail-Road Company v. Letson
Mar 15, 1844 · 5-0 · Judicial Power
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted), and those records begin in 1994. Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
10 events
John Tyler takes office · 1841-04-04Bankruptcy Act of 1841 · 1841-08-19Preemption Act of 1841 · 1841-09-04Prigg v. Pennsylvania · 1842-03-01Armed Occupation Act · 1842-08-04Tariff of 1842 ("Black Tariff") · 1842-08-30Presidential Election Day Act · 1845-01-23Samuel Nelson — Associate Justice · 1845-02-13Florida · 1845-03-03An act relating to revenue cutters and steamers · 1845-03-031842184318441845
  1. presidentJohn Tyler takes office
  2. lawBankruptcy Act of 1841
  3. lawPreemption Act of 1841
  4. rulingPrigg v. Pennsylvania
  5. lawArmed Occupation Act
  6. lawTariff of 1842 ("Black Tariff")
  7. lawPresidential Election Day Act
  8. justiceSamuel Nelson — Associate Justice
  9. stateFlorida
  10. lawAn act relating to revenue cutters and steamers