How did the United States change between and ?

Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.

Trump II so farBiden termTrump I termObama termSince 9/11Since ReaganPostwar → now
civicdiff.com/1825-03-04...1829-03-03 · 4 years json
18 files changed, 350 insertions(+), 152 deletions(−)
Laws enacted
+1
major laws · full counts from 1973
Executive orders
—
records start in 1994
Final rules
—
records start in 1994
Supreme Court
0 of 6
seats changed hands
Agencies
+1 −0
departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
−$25M
$84M → $58M

The presidency passed from James Monroe to John Quincy Adams. 25 senators and 129 representatives took seats that they did not hold before.

Executive5 files+6−5

executive/presidentThe presidency
+1−1National Archives ↗
James Monroe DR
5th president
John Quincy Adams DR
6th president · took office Mar 4, 1825
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
+1−1Senate Historical Office ↗
Daniel D. Tompkins DR
John Caldwell Calhoun DR
took office Mar 4, 1825
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+3−3Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State
John Quincy Adams W
Henry Clay NRP
Secretary of the Treasury
William H. Crawford DR
Richard Rush
Secretary of War
John C. Calhoun DR
Peter Buell Porter DR
3 offices unchanged
Attorney General: William Wirt DR
Postmaster General: John McLean D
Postmaster General: John McLean D
executive/ordersExecutive orders
no dataFederal Register API ↗
Federal Register records of executive orders begin in 1994.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+1Wikidata ↗
22 → 23 tracked organizations · 5 → 5 executive departments
United States Capitol Police
established Jan 1, 1828 · police agency protecting the U.S. Congress
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.

Military1 file±0

military/conflictsArmed conflicts
±0UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset ↗
U.S. in 0 armed conflicts → 0
The U.S. was not a party to any armed conflict in this window (conflict records start in 1946).
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded.

Legislative4 files+155−146

legislative/controlControl of Congress
2 changesHouse History / Senate Historical Office ↗
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublicanOther
18th Congress → 20th Congress · 2 new Congresses elected
2 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority
104 U · 28 R
House: null majority
103 J · 81 A
Senate: Republican majority
16 R · 14 J
Senate: Jackson majority
26 J · 21 A
legislative/senateSenate
+25−26congress-legislators ↗
Mar 4, 1825 · 16 R · 14 J · 13 A · 2 DR · 1 F · 1 U · 1 CR
William Rufus de Vane King (Jackson, AL)Henry Waggaman Edwards (Jackson, CT)Nicholas Van Dyke (Adams, DE)Thomas Clayton (Adams, DE)Thomas Willis Cobb (Jackson, GA)Jesse Burgess Thomas (Adams, IL)John McLean (Crawford Republican, IL)James Noble (Adams, IN)Richard Mentor Johnson (Jackson, KY)Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny (Adams, LA)Josiah Stoddard Johnston (Adams, LA)Elijah Hunt Mills (Adams, MA)James Lloyd (Adams, MA)Samuel Smith (Jackson, MD)John Holmes (Democratic Republican, ME)John Chandler (Jackson, ME)Thomas Hart Benton (Jackson, MO)Thomas Hill Williams (Jackson, MS)John Branch (Jackson, NC)Samuel Bell (Adams, NH)Joseph McIlvaine (Adams, NJ)Mahlon Dickerson (Jackson, NJ)Martin Van Buren (Jackson, NY)Benjamin Ruggles (Adams, OH)William Findlay (Jackson, PA)Nehemiah Rice Knight (Adams, RI)Robert Young Hayne (Jackson, SC)John Henry Eaton (?, TN)Andrew Jackson (Democratic Republican, TN)Littleton Waller Tazewell (Jackson, VA)Horatio Seymour (Adams, VT)Rufus King (Federalist, NY)William Kelly (Republican, AL)James Lanman (Republican, CT)John Elliott (Republican, GA)Waller Taylor (Republican, IN)Isham Talbot (Republican, KY)Edward Lloyd (Republican, MD)David Barton (Republican, MO)David Holmes (Republican, MS)Nathaniel Macon (Republican, NC)John Fabyan Parrott (Republican, NH)Ethan Allen Brown (Republican, OH)Walter Lowrie (Republican, PA)James De Wolf (Republican, RI)John Gaillard (Republican, SC)James Barbour (Republican, VA)William Adams Palmer (Republican, VT)
Mar 3, 1829 · 26 J · 21 A
William Rufus de Vane King (Jackson, AL)John McKinley (Jackson, AL)Calvin Willey (Adams, CT)Samuel Augustus Foot (Adams, CT)Henry Moore Ridgely (Jackson, DE)Louis McLane (Jackson, DE)Oliver Hillhouse Prince (Jackson, GA)John Macpherson Berrien (Jackson, GA)Jesse Burgess Thomas (Adams, IL)Elias Kent Kane (Jackson, IL)William Hendricks (Adams, IN)James Noble (Adams, IN)Richard Mentor Johnson (Jackson, KY)John Rowan (Jackson, KY)Charles Dominique Joseph Bouligny (Adams, LA)Josiah Stoddard Johnston (Adams, LA)Nathaniel Silsbee (Adams, MA)Daniel Webster (Adams, MA)Ezekiel Forman Chambers (Adams, MD)Samuel Smith (Jackson, MD)John Chandler (Jackson, ME)John Holmes (Adams, ME)David Barton (Adams, MO)Thomas Hart Benton (Jackson, MO)Thomas Hill Williams (Jackson, MS)Powhatan Ellis (Jackson, MS)John Branch (Jackson, NC)James Iredell (Jackson, NC)Samuel Bell (Adams, NH)Levi Woodbury (Jackson, NH)Mahlon Dickerson (Jackson, NJ)Nathan Sanford (Adams, NY)Martin Van Buren (Jackson, NY)Jacob Burnet (Adams, OH)Benjamin Ruggles (Adams, OH)William Marks (Adams, PA)Isaac Dutton Barnard (Jackson, PA)Nehemiah Rice Knight (Adams, RI)Asher Robbins (Adams, RI)Robert Young Hayne (Jackson, SC)William Smith (Jackson, SC)Hugh Lawson White (Jackson, TN)John Henry Eaton (Jackson, TN)Littleton Waller Tazewell (Jackson, VA)John Tyler (Jackson, VA)Dudley Chase (Adams, VT)Horatio Seymour (Adams, VT)
25 new members · 26 departed · 22 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 50 → 48
24 seats changed party
Andrew Jackson DR
Tennessee seat
Hugh Lawson White J
Tennessee seat
Ethan Allen Brown R
Ohio seat
Jacob Burnet A
Ohio seat
John Elliott R
Georgia seat
John Macpherson Berrien J
Georgia seat
David Barton R
Missouri seat
David Barton A
Missouri seat
Show 20 more seat flips
Walter Lowrie R
Pennsylvania seat
William Marks A
Pennsylvania seat
Isham Talbot R
Kentucky seat
John Rowan J
Kentucky seat
James Lanman R
Connecticut seat
Calvin Willey A
Connecticut seat
Waller Taylor R
Indiana seat
William Hendricks A
Indiana seat
John McLean CR
Illinois seat
Elias Kent Kane J
Illinois seat
John Fabyan Parrott R
New Hampshire seat
Levi Woodbury J
New Hampshire seat
William Adams Palmer R
Vermont seat
Dudley Chase A
Vermont seat
Rufus King F
New York seat
Nathan Sanford A
New York seat
Edward Lloyd R
Maryland seat
Ezekiel Forman Chambers A
Maryland seat
William Kelly R
Alabama seat
John McKinley J
Alabama seat
John Gaillard R
South Carolina seat
William Smith J
South Carolina seat
John Holmes DR
Maine seat
John Holmes A
Maine seat
Nicholas Van Dyke A
Delaware seat
Henry Moore Ridgely J
Delaware seat
John Henry Eaton
Tennessee seat
John Henry Eaton J
Tennessee seat
Thomas Clayton A
Delaware seat
Louis McLane J
Delaware seat
David Holmes R
Mississippi seat
Powhatan Ellis J
Mississippi seat
Henry Waggaman Edwards J
Connecticut seat
Samuel Augustus Foot A
Connecticut seat
James De Wolf R
Rhode Island seat
Asher Robbins A
Rhode Island seat
James Barbour R
Virginia seat
John Tyler J
Virginia seat
Nathaniel Macon R
North Carolina seat
James Iredell J
North Carolina seat
Who joined and who left (25 in · 26 out)
John McKinley J
Alabama
Calvin Willey A
Connecticut
Samuel Augustus Foot A
Connecticut
Henry Moore Ridgely J
Delaware
Louis McLane J
Delaware
Oliver Hillhouse Prince J
Georgia
John Macpherson Berrien J
Georgia
Elias Kent Kane J
Illinois
William Hendricks A
Indiana
John Rowan J
Kentucky
Nathaniel Silsbee A
Massachusetts
Daniel Webster A
Massachusetts
Ezekiel Forman Chambers A
Maryland
Powhatan Ellis J
Mississippi
James Iredell J
North Carolina
Levi Woodbury J
New Hampshire
Nathan Sanford A
New York
Jacob Burnet A
Ohio
William Marks A
Pennsylvania
Isaac Dutton Barnard J
Pennsylvania
Asher Robbins A
Rhode Island
William Smith J
South Carolina
Hugh Lawson White J
Tennessee
John Tyler J
Virginia
Dudley Chase A
Vermont
William Kelly R
Alabama
James Lanman R
Connecticut
Henry Waggaman Edwards J
Connecticut
Nicholas Van Dyke A
Delaware
Thomas Clayton A
Delaware
John Elliott R
Georgia
Thomas Willis Cobb J
Georgia
John McLean CR
Illinois
Waller Taylor R
Indiana
Isham Talbot R
Kentucky
Elijah Hunt Mills A
Massachusetts
James Lloyd A
Massachusetts
Edward Lloyd R
Maryland
David Holmes R
Mississippi
Nathaniel Macon R
North Carolina
John Fabyan Parrott R
New Hampshire
Joseph McIlvaine A
New Jersey
Rufus King F
New York
Ethan Allen Brown R
Ohio
Walter Lowrie R
Pennsylvania
William Findlay J
Pennsylvania
James De Wolf R
Rhode Island
John Gaillard R
South Carolina
Andrew Jackson DR
Tennessee
James Barbour R
Virginia
William Adams Palmer R
Vermont
legislative/houseHouse
+129−120congress-legislators ↗
Mar 4, 1825 · 104 U · 28 R · 18 J · 8 W · 6 F · 4 JR · 3 CR · 3 AM · 3 D · 1 JR · 1 AJ · 1 AJ · 1 A · 1 DR
Henry William Connor (Democrat, NC-11)George McDuffie (Democrat, SC-5)Samuel Houston (Democrat, TN-7)John McKee (?, AL-2)George Washington Owen (?, AL-3)Gabriel Moore (?, AL-1)Henry Wharton Conway (?, AR-AL)Ansel Sterling (?, CT-AL)Louis McLane (Jacksonian, DE-AL)Richard Keith Call (?, FL-AL)Daniel Pope Cook (?, IL-1)Jacob Call (Jackson Republican, IN-1)Jonathan Jennings (?, IN-2)John Test (?, IN-3)John Telemachus Johnson (?, KY-5)Philip Thompson (?, KY-11)David White (?, KY-6)Robert Pryor Henry (?, KY-12)Francis Johnson (?, KY-10)Richard Aylett Buckner (?, KY-8)Thomas Patrick Moore (?, KY-7)Robert Perkins Letcher (?, KY-4)Henry Clay (Democratic Republican, KY-3)Charles Anderson Wickliffe (Jacksonian, KY-9)William Leigh Brent (?, LA-3)Henry Hosford Gurley (?, LA-2)Edward Livingston (Jacksonian, LA-1)Jonas Sibley (?, MA-5)Francis Baylies (?, MA-12)Aaron Hobart (?, MA-11)Samuel Lathrop (?, MA-8)John Locke (?, MA-6)John Bailey (?, MA-10)Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (?, MA-2)Henry Williams Dwight (?, MA-9)Daniel Webster (Adams, MA-1)William Hayward Jr. (?, MD-7)John Lee (?, MD-4)Raphael Neale (?, MD-1)Henry Ridgely Warfield (?, MD-3)George Edward Mitchell (Jacksonian, MD-6)John Selby Spence (Anti-Jacksonian, MD-8)Joshua Cushman (?, ME-4)Stephen Longfellow (?, ME-2)Ebenezer Herrick (?, ME-3)David Kidder (?, ME-7)William Burleigh (?, ME-1)Jeremiah O’Brien (?, ME-6)Gabriel Richard (?, MI-AL)John Scott (?, MO-1)Christopher Rankin (?, MS-1)Hutchins Gordon Burton (?, NC-2)Alfred Moore Gatlin (Crawford Republican, NC-1)Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr. (?, NC-4)Robert Brank Vance (?, NC-12)John Long (?, NC-10)Willie Person Mangum (Jacksonian, NC-8)Matthew Harvey (?, NH-AL)James Matlack (?, NJ-AL)John Watts Cady (?, NY-16)Lot Clark (?, NY-21)Ela Collins (?, NY-20)Justin Dwinell (?, NY-22)Lewis Eaton (Crawford Republican, NY-12)Charles Augustus Foote (?, NY-11)Joel Frost (Crawford Republican, NY-4)James Lawrence Hogeboom (?, NY-9)Lemuel Jenkins (?, NY-7)Samuel Lawrence (?, NY-25)Elisha Litchfield (?, NY-23)John Richards (?, NY-19)William Beatty Rochester (?, NY-AL)Peter Sharpe (?, NY-3)Jacob Tyson (?, NY-2)William William Van Wyck (?, NY-5)William Woods (?, NY-28)Moses Hayden (?, NY-27)Stephen Van Rensselaer (?, NY-10)Silas Wood (?, NY-1)Hector Craig (Jacksonian, NY-6)Robert Selden Rose (Anti Mason, NY-26)James Strong (?, NY-8)Rowland Day (Jacksonian, NY-24)Henry Clinton Martindale (Anti Mason, NY-18)James William Gazlay (?, OH-1)Duncan McArthur (?, OH-6)John Patterson (?, OH-10)Thomas Randolph Ross (?, OH-2)Philemon Beecher (?, OH-9)William McLean (?, OH-3)John Sloane (?, OH-12)William Wilson (?, OH-8)John Crafts Wright (?, OH-11)Mordecai Bartley (?, OH-14)Joseph Vance (Anti Jacksonian, OH-4)Samuel Breck (?, PA-1)John Brown (?, PA-12)William Cox Ellis (?, PA-9)Walter Forward (?, PA-16)Isaac Wayne (?, PA-4)Patrick Farrelly (?, PA-18)John Findlay (?, PA-11)Robert Harris (?, PA-6)Philip Swenk Markley (?, PA-5)James S. Mitchell (?, PA-10)George Plumer (?, PA-17)Daniel H. Miller (Jacksonian, PA-3)Andrew Stewart (Anti Mason, PA-14)Job Durfee (?, RI-AL)Joseph Gist (?, SC-7)Andrew Robison Govan (?, SC-4)Joel Roberts Poinsett (?, SC-1)John Wilson (?, SC-6)John Carter (Jacksonian, SC-8)James Hamilton Jr. (?, SC-2)Starling Tucker (Jacksonian, SC-9)Robert Blair Campbell (Jackson Republican, SC-3)James T. Sandford (Jackson Republican, TN-6)Adam Rankin Alexander (Jacksonian Republican, TN-9)Robert Allen (?, TN-5)John Cocke (?, TN-2)Jacob C. Isacks (Jackson Republican, TN-4)John Blair (Jacksonian, TN-1)James Israel Standifer (Jacksonian, TN-3)Jabez Leftwich (?, VA-7)Arthur Smith (?, VA-2)George Tucker (?, VA-6)Jared Williams (?, VA-17)William Smith (?, VA-21)Mark Alexander (Jacksonian, VA-4)John Strode Barbour (Jacksonian, VA-15)William McCoy (Jacksonian, VA-19)John Randolph (?, VA-5)Andrew Stevenson (Jacksonian, VA-9)William Cabell Rives (Jacksonian, VA-10)Joseph Johnson (Jacksonian, VA-18)Henry Olin (?, VT-3)Daniel Azro Ashley Buck (?, VT-4)Rollin Carolas Mallary (?, VT-1)Samuel Chandler Crafts (?, VT-5)Thomas Metcalfe (Whig, KY-2)John Reed (Whig, MA-13)Lewis Williams (Whig, NC-13)Albert Haller Tracy (Whig, NY-30)Elisha Whittlesey (Whig, OH-13)Samuel Finley Vinton (Whig, OH-7)Charles Fenton Mercer (Whig, VA-14)William Segar Archer (Whig, VA-3)Samuel Clesson Allen (Federalist, MA-7)Jeremiah Nelson (Federalist, MA-3)John Culpepper (Federalist, NC-7)Henry Randolph Storrs (Federalist, NY-14)Joseph Hemphill (Federalist, PA-2)James Stephenson (Federalist, VA-16)Joel Abbott (Republican, GA-AL)David Trimble (Republican, KY-1)Timothy Fuller (Republican, MA-4)Peter Little (Republican, MD-5)Joseph Kent (Republican, MD-2)Enoch Lincoln (Republican, ME-5)Charles Hooks (Republican, NC-5)Weldon Nathaniel Edwards (Republican, NC-6)Thomas H. Hall (Republican, NC-3)Romulus Mitchell Saunders (Republican, NC-9)John Herkimer (Republican, NY-15)Isaac Williams Jr. (Republican, NY-13)Isaac Wilson (Republican, NY-29)John W. Taylor (Republican, NY-17)John Wilson Campbell (Republican, OH-5)Thomas Patterson (Republican, PA-15)Thomas Jones Rogers (Republican, PA-8)John Tod (Republican, PA-13)Daniel Udree (Republican, PA-7)James B. Reynolds (Republican, TN-8)William Lee Ball (Republican, VA-13)Robert Selden Garnett (Republican, VA-12)Burwell Bassett (Republican, VA-8)John Floyd (Republican, VA-20)Philip Pendleton Barbour (Republican, VA-11)Alexander Smyth (Republican, VA-22)Thomas Newton Jr. (Republican, VA-1)William Czar Bradley (Republican, VT-2)
Mar 3, 1829 · 103 J · 81 A · 6 U · 1 J
John McKee (Jackson, AL-2)George Washington Owen (Jackson, AL-3)Gabriel Moore (Jackson, AL-1)Ambrose Hundley Sevier (Jacksonian, AR-AL)John Baldwin (Adams, CT-AL)Kensey Johns Jr. (Adams, DE-AL)Joseph M. White (?, FL-AL)John Floyd (Jackson, GA-7)Tomlinson Fort (Jackson, GA-6)Edward Fenwick Tattnall (Jackson, GA-1)Wiley Thompson (Jackson, GA-3)George Rockingham Gilmer (Jackson, GA-AL)Charles Eaton Haynes (Jackson, GA-5)Wilson Lumpkin (Jackson, GA-4)Joseph Duncan (Jackson, IL-1)Thomas Holdsworth Blake (Adams, IN-1)Jonathan Jennings (Adams, IN-2)Oliver Hampton Smith (Jackson, IN-3)Richard Aylett Buckner (Adams, KY-8)Robert Lytle McHatton (Jackson, KY-5)Thomas Patrick Moore (Jackson, KY-7)William Singleton Young (?, KY-AL)James Clark (Adams, KY-3)Joel Yancey (Jackson, KY-10)Henry Daniel (Jackson, KY-1)Joseph Lecompte (Jackson, KY-6)Thomas Chilton (Jackson, KY-11)Robert Perkins Letcher (Adams, KY-4)Chittenden Lyon (Jackson, KY-12)John Chambers (Adams, KY-2)Charles Anderson Wickliffe (Jackson, KY-9)William Leigh Brent (Adams, LA-3)Henry Hosford Gurley (Adams, LA-2)Edward Livingston (Jackson, LA-1)Samuel Clesson Allen (Adams, MA-7)John Locke (Adams, MA-6)John Bailey (Adams, MA-10)Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (Adams, MA-2)Henry Williams Dwight (Adams, MA-9)Joseph Richardson (Adams, MA-11)John Varnum (Adams, MA-3)James Leonard Hodges (Adams, MA-12)Benjamin Gorham (Adams, MA-1)John Reed (Adams, MA-13)Isaac Chapman Bates (Adams, MA-8)John Davis (Adams, MA-5)Edward Everett (Adams, MA-4)John Barney (Adams, MD-5)Levin Gale (Jackson, MD-6)John Crompton Weems (Jackson, MD-2)Clement Dorsey (Adams, MD-1)Michael Cresap Sprigg (Jackson, MD-4)Ephraim King Wilson (Adams, MD-8)George Corbin Washington (Adams, MD-3)John Leeds Kerr (Adams, MD-7)William Burleigh (?, ME-AL)Jeremiah O’Brien (Adams, ME-6)Samuel Butman (Adams, ME-7)James Wheelock Ripley (Jackson, ME-5)Peleg Sprague (Adams, ME-4)Joseph Ferdinand Wingate (Adams, ME-3)John Anderson (Jackson, ME-2)Rufus McIntire (Jackson, ME-1)Austin Eli Wing (?, MI-AL)Edward Bates (Adams, MO-1)William Haile (Jackson, MS-1)John Heritage Bryan (Adams, NC-4)John Culpepper (Adams, NC-7)John Long (Adams, NC-10)Lemuel Sawyer (Jackson, NC-1)Daniel Turner (Jackson, NC-6)Willis Alston (Jackson, NC-2)Gabriel Holmes (Jackson, NC-5)Samuel Price Carson (Jackson, NC-12)Daniel Laurens Barringer (Jackson, NC-8)Thomas H. Hall (Jackson, NC-3)Henry William Connor (Jackson, NC-11)Lewis Williams (Adams, NC-13)Augustine Henry Shepperd (Jackson, NC-9)David Barker Jr. (Adams, NH-AL)George Holcombe (Jackson, NJ-AL)George Ogilvie Belden (Jackson, NY-7)Rudolph Bunner (Jackson, NY-20)Samuel Chase (Adams, NY-13)David Ellicott Evans (?, NY-AL)Daniel Greene Garnsey (Adams, NY-30)Nathaniel Garrow (Jackson, NY-24)John Hallock Jr. (Jackson, NY-6)Selah Reeve Hobbie (Jackson, NY-11)Jeromus Johnson (Jackson, NY-3)Richard Keese (Jackson, NY-19)Henry Markell (Adams, NY-16)Thomas Jackson Oakley (Jackson, NY-5)John G. Stower (Jackson, NY-22)Stephen Van Rensselaer (Adams, NY-10)John Jacob Wood (Jackson, NY-2)Silas Wood (Adams, NY-1)David Woodcock (Adams, NY-25)John Dean Dickinson (Adams, NY-9)Jonas Earll Jr. (Jackson, NY-23)John Magee (Jackson, NY-28)Henry Randolph Storrs (Adams, NY-14)James Strong (Adams, NY-8)Michael Hoffman (Jackson, NY-15)John W. Taylor (Adams, NY-17)Phineas Lyman Tracy (Adams, NY-29)Henry Clinton Martindale (Adams, NY-18)John Isaac De Graff (Jackson, NY-12)John Chamberlain Clark (Jackson, NY-21)John Maynard (Adams, NY-26)Aaron Ward (Adams, NY-4)Daniel Dewey Barnard (Adams, NY-27)Philemon Beecher (Adams, OH-9)John Davenport (Adams, OH-10)William McLean (Adams, OH-3)Francis Swaine Muhlenberg (Adams, OH-6)John Sloane (Adams, OH-12)William Wilson (?, OH-AL)John Woods (Adams, OH-2)John Crafts Wright (Adams, OH-11)Mordecai Bartley (Adams, OH-14)James Findlay (Jackson, OH-1)William Stanbery (Jackson, OH-8)Elisha Whittlesey (Adams, OH-13)William Russell (Jackson, OH-5)Joseph Vance (Adams, OH-4)Samuel Finley Vinton (Adams, OH-7)William Addams (Jackson, PA-7)Samuel Anderson (Adams, PA-4)Stephen Barlow (Jackson, PA-18)George Kremer (Jackson, PA-9)John Mitchell (Jackson, PA-12)Robert Orr Jr. (Jackson, PA-16)James Wilson (Adams, PA-11)Chauncey Forward (Jackson, PA-13)Innis Green (Jackson, PA-6)Samuel Delucenna Ingham (Jackson, PA-8)Daniel H. Miller (Jackson, PA-3)John Benton Sterigere (Jackson, PA-5)Adam King (Jackson, PA-10)Richard Coulter (Jackson, PA-17)Joel Barlow Sutherland (Jackson, PA-1)Joseph Lawrence (Adams, PA-15)John Sergeant (Adams, PA-2)Andrew Stewart (Adams, PA-14)Tristam Burges (Adams, RI-AL)John Carter (Jackson, SC-8)James Hamilton Jr. (Jackson, SC-2)William Dickinson Martin (Jackson, SC-4)Starling Tucker (Jackson, SC-9)William Drayton (Jackson, SC-1)Thomas Rothmaler Mitchell (Jackson, SC-3)William Thompson Nuckolls (Jackson, SC-7)Warren Ransom Davis (Jackson, SC-6)George McDuffie (Jackson, SC-5)John Hartwell Marable (Jackson, TN-8)James Coffield Mitchell (Jackson, TN-3)Robert Desha (Jackson, TN-5)Pryor Lea (Jackson, TN-2)Jacob C. Isacks (Jackson, TN-4)John Blair (Jackson, TN-1)David Crockett (Jackson, TN-9)James Knox Polk (Jackson, TN-6)John Bell (Jackson, TN-7)Burwell Bassett (Jackson, VA-8)John Floyd (Jackson, VA-20)Isaac Leffler (Adams, VA-18)Philip Pendleton Barbour (Jackson, VA-11)Alexander Smyth (Jackson, VA-22)James Trezvant (Jackson, VA-2)Mark Alexander (Jackson, VA-4)Robert Allen (Jackson, VA-17)William Armstrong (Adams, VA-16)John Strode Barbour (Jackson, VA-15)Lewis Maxwell (Adams, VA-21)William McCoy (Jackson, VA-19)Thomas Newton Jr. (Adams, VA-1)Thomas Davenport (Jackson, VA-6)John Randolph (Jackson, VA-5)Andrew Stevenson (Jackson, VA-9)Nathaniel Herbert Claiborne (Jackson, VA-7)John Roane (Jackson, VA-12)Charles Fenton Mercer (Adams, VA-14)William Segar Archer (Jackson, VA-3)William Cabell Rives (Jackson, VA-10)John Taliaferro (Adams, VA-13)Daniel Azro Ashley Buck (Adams, VT-5)George Edward Wales (Adams, VT-3)Jonathan Hunt (Adams, VT-1)Rollin Carolas Mallary (Adams, VT-2)Benjamin Swift (Adams, VT-4)
129 new members · 120 departed · 62 served on both dates · women 0 → 0 · median age 43 → 43
13 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Georgia 0 D · 1 R
Georgia 0 D · 0 R · 7 other
Kentucky 0 D · 1 R · 11 other
Kentucky 0 D · 0 R · 13 other
Massachusetts 0 D · 1 R · 12 other
Massachusetts 0 D · 0 R · 13 other
Maryland 0 D · 2 R · 6 other
Maryland 0 D · 0 R · 8 other
Maine 0 D · 1 R · 6 other
Maine 0 D · 0 R · 8 other
North Carolina 1 D · 4 R · 8 other
North Carolina 0 D · 0 R · 13 other
New York 0 D · 4 R · 27 other
New York 0 D · 0 R · 31 other
Ohio 0 D · 1 R · 13 other
Ohio 0 D · 0 R · 15 other
Pennsylvania 0 D · 4 R · 14 other
Pennsylvania 0 D · 0 R · 18 other
South Carolina 1 D · 0 R · 8 other
South Carolina 0 D · 0 R · 9 other
Tennessee 1 D · 1 R · 7 other
Tennessee 0 D · 0 R · 9 other
Virginia 0 D · 7 R · 15 other
Virginia 0 D · 0 R · 22 other
Vermont 0 D · 1 R · 4 other
Vermont 0 D · 0 R · 5 other
Who joined and who left (129 in · 120 out)
Ambrose Hundley Sevier J
Arkansas-AL
John Baldwin A
Connecticut-AL
Kensey Johns Jr. A
Delaware-AL
Joseph M. White
Florida-AL
John Floyd J
Georgia-7
Tomlinson Fort J
Georgia-6
Edward Fenwick Tattnall J
Georgia-1
Wiley Thompson J
Georgia-3
George Rockingham Gilmer J
Georgia-AL
Charles Eaton Haynes J
Georgia-5
Wilson Lumpkin J
Georgia-4
Joseph Duncan J
Illinois-1
Thomas Holdsworth Blake A
Indiana-1
Oliver Hampton Smith J
Indiana-3
Robert Lytle McHatton J
Kentucky-5
William Singleton Young
Kentucky-AL
James Clark A
Kentucky-3
Joel Yancey J
Kentucky-10
Henry Daniel J
Kentucky-1
Joseph Lecompte J
Kentucky-6
Thomas Chilton J
Kentucky-11
Chittenden Lyon J
Kentucky-12
John Chambers A
Kentucky-2
Joseph Richardson A
Massachusetts-11
John Varnum A
Massachusetts-3
James Leonard Hodges A
Massachusetts-12
Benjamin Gorham A
Massachusetts-1
Isaac Chapman Bates A
Massachusetts-8
John Davis A
Massachusetts-5
Edward Everett A
Massachusetts-4
John Barney A
Maryland-5
Levin Gale J
Maryland-6
John Crompton Weems J
Maryland-2
Clement Dorsey A
Maryland-1
Michael Cresap Sprigg J
Maryland-4
Ephraim King Wilson A
Maryland-8
George Corbin Washington A
Maryland-3
John Leeds Kerr A
Maryland-7
Samuel Butman A
Maine-7
James Wheelock Ripley J
Maine-5
Peleg Sprague A
Maine-4
Joseph Ferdinand Wingate A
Maine-3
John Anderson J
Maine-2
Rufus McIntire J
Maine-1
Austin Eli Wing
Michigan-AL
Edward Bates A
Missouri-1
William Haile J
Mississippi-1
John Heritage Bryan A
North Carolina-4
Lemuel Sawyer J
North Carolina-1
Daniel Turner J
North Carolina-6
Willis Alston J
North Carolina-2
Gabriel Holmes J
North Carolina-5
Samuel Price Carson J
North Carolina-12
Daniel Laurens Barringer J
North Carolina-8
Augustine Henry Shepperd J
North Carolina-9
David Barker Jr. A
New Hampshire-AL
George Holcombe J
New Jersey-AL
George Ogilvie Belden J
New York-7
Rudolph Bunner J
New York-20
Samuel Chase A
New York-13
David Ellicott Evans
New York-AL
Daniel Greene Garnsey A
New York-30
Nathaniel Garrow J
New York-24
John Hallock Jr. J
New York-6
Selah Reeve Hobbie J
New York-11
Jeromus Johnson J
New York-3
Richard Keese J
New York-19
Henry Markell A
New York-16
Thomas Jackson Oakley J
New York-5
John G. Stower J
New York-22
John Jacob Wood J
New York-2
David Woodcock A
New York-25
John Dean Dickinson A
New York-9
Jonas Earll Jr. J
New York-23
John Magee J
New York-28
Michael Hoffman J
New York-15
Phineas Lyman Tracy A
New York-29
John Isaac De Graff J
New York-12
John Chamberlain Clark J
New York-21
John Maynard A
New York-26
Aaron Ward A
New York-4
Daniel Dewey Barnard A
New York-27
John Davenport A
Ohio-10
Francis Swaine Muhlenberg A
Ohio-6
John Woods A
Ohio-2
James Findlay J
Ohio-1
William Stanbery J
Ohio-8
William Russell J
Ohio-5
William Addams J
Pennsylvania-7
Samuel Anderson A
Pennsylvania-4
Stephen Barlow J
Pennsylvania-18
George Kremer J
Pennsylvania-9
John Mitchell J
Pennsylvania-12
Robert Orr Jr. J
Pennsylvania-16
James Wilson A
Pennsylvania-11
Chauncey Forward J
Pennsylvania-13
Innis Green J
Pennsylvania-6
Samuel Delucenna Ingham J
Pennsylvania-8
John Benton Sterigere J
Pennsylvania-5
Adam King J
Pennsylvania-10
Richard Coulter J
Pennsylvania-17
Joel Barlow Sutherland J
Pennsylvania-1
Joseph Lawrence A
Pennsylvania-15
John Sergeant A
Pennsylvania-2
Tristam Burges A
Rhode Island-AL
William Dickinson Martin J
South Carolina-4
William Drayton J
South Carolina-1
Thomas Rothmaler Mitchell J
South Carolina-3
William Thompson Nuckolls J
South Carolina-7
Warren Ransom Davis J
South Carolina-6
John Hartwell Marable J
Tennessee-8
James Coffield Mitchell J
Tennessee-3
Robert Desha J
Tennessee-5
Pryor Lea J
Tennessee-2
David Crockett J
Tennessee-9
James Knox Polk J
Tennessee-6
John Bell J
Tennessee-7
Isaac Leffler A
Virginia-18
James Trezvant J
Virginia-2
Robert Allen J
Virginia-17
William Armstrong A
Virginia-16
Lewis Maxwell A
Virginia-21
Thomas Davenport J
Virginia-6
Nathaniel Herbert Claiborne J
Virginia-7
John Roane J
Virginia-12
John Taliaferro A
Virginia-13
George Edward Wales A
Vermont-3
Jonathan Hunt A
Vermont-1
Benjamin Swift A
Vermont-4
Henry Wharton Conway
Arkansas-AL
Ansel Sterling
Connecticut-AL
Louis McLane J
Delaware-AL
Richard Keith Call
Florida-AL
Joel Abbott R
Georgia-AL
Daniel Pope Cook
Illinois-1
Jacob Call JR
Indiana-1
John Test
Indiana-3
John Telemachus Johnson
Kentucky-5
Philip Thompson
Kentucky-11
David White
Kentucky-6
Robert Pryor Henry
Kentucky-12
Francis Johnson
Kentucky-10
David Trimble R
Kentucky-1
Thomas Metcalfe W
Kentucky-2
Henry Clay DR
Kentucky-3
Timothy Fuller R
Massachusetts-4
Jonas Sibley
Massachusetts-5
Francis Baylies
Massachusetts-12
Aaron Hobart
Massachusetts-11
Samuel Lathrop
Massachusetts-8
Jeremiah Nelson F
Massachusetts-3
Daniel Webster A
Massachusetts-1
William Hayward Jr.
Maryland-7
John Lee
Maryland-4
Raphael Neale
Maryland-1
Henry Ridgely Warfield
Maryland-3
Peter Little R
Maryland-5
George Edward Mitchell J
Maryland-6
Joseph Kent R
Maryland-2
John Selby Spence AJ
Maryland-8
Joshua Cushman
Maine-4
Stephen Longfellow
Maine-2
Ebenezer Herrick
Maine-3
David Kidder
Maine-7
Enoch Lincoln R
Maine-5
Gabriel Richard
Michigan-AL
John Scott
Missouri-1
Christopher Rankin
Mississippi-1
Hutchins Gordon Burton
North Carolina-2
Alfred Moore Gatlin CR
North Carolina-1
Charles Hooks R
North Carolina-5
Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr.
North Carolina-4
Robert Brank Vance
North Carolina-12
Weldon Nathaniel Edwards R
North Carolina-6
Romulus Mitchell Saunders R
North Carolina-9
Willie Person Mangum J
North Carolina-8
Matthew Harvey
New Hampshire-AL
James Matlack
New Jersey-AL
John Watts Cady
New York-16
Lot Clark
New York-21
Ela Collins
New York-20
Justin Dwinell
New York-22
Lewis Eaton CR
New York-12
Charles Augustus Foote
New York-11
Joel Frost CR
New York-4
John Herkimer R
New York-15
James Lawrence Hogeboom
New York-9
Lemuel Jenkins
New York-7
Samuel Lawrence
New York-25
Elisha Litchfield
New York-23
John Richards
New York-19
William Beatty Rochester
New York-AL
Peter Sharpe
New York-3
Albert Haller Tracy W
New York-30
Jacob Tyson
New York-2
William William Van Wyck
New York-5
Isaac Williams Jr. R
New York-13
Isaac Wilson R
New York-29
William Woods
New York-28
Moses Hayden
New York-27
Hector Craig J
New York-6
Robert Selden Rose AM
New York-26
Rowland Day J
New York-24
James William Gazlay
Ohio-1
Duncan McArthur
Ohio-6
John Patterson
Ohio-10
Thomas Randolph Ross
Ohio-2
John Wilson Campbell R
Ohio-5
Samuel Breck
Pennsylvania-1
John Brown
Pennsylvania-12
William Cox Ellis
Pennsylvania-9
Walter Forward
Pennsylvania-16
Thomas Patterson R
Pennsylvania-15
Thomas Jones Rogers R
Pennsylvania-8
John Tod R
Pennsylvania-13
Daniel Udree R
Pennsylvania-7
Isaac Wayne
Pennsylvania-4
Patrick Farrelly
Pennsylvania-18
John Findlay
Pennsylvania-11
Robert Harris
Pennsylvania-6
Philip Swenk Markley
Pennsylvania-5
James S. Mitchell
Pennsylvania-10
George Plumer
Pennsylvania-17
Joseph Hemphill F
Pennsylvania-2
Job Durfee
Rhode Island-AL
Joseph Gist
South Carolina-7
Andrew Robison Govan
South Carolina-4
Joel Roberts Poinsett
South Carolina-1
John Wilson
South Carolina-6
Robert Blair Campbell JR
South Carolina-3
James B. Reynolds R
Tennessee-8
James T. Sandford JR
Tennessee-6
Adam Rankin Alexander JR
Tennessee-9
Robert Allen
Tennessee-5
John Cocke
Tennessee-2
James Israel Standifer J
Tennessee-3
Samuel Houston D
Tennessee-7
William Lee Ball R
Virginia-13
Jabez Leftwich
Virginia-7
Arthur Smith
Virginia-2
James Stephenson F
Virginia-16
George Tucker
Virginia-6
Jared Williams
Virginia-17
Robert Selden Garnett R
Virginia-12
William Smith
Virginia-21
Joseph Johnson J
Virginia-18
Henry Olin
Vermont-3
William Czar Bradley R
Vermont-2
Samuel Chandler Crafts
Vermont-5
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+1Congress.gov ↗
Complete lists of public laws start with the 93rd Congress (Jan 3, 1973). Earlier years show notable and landmark acts only.
1 laws recorded · 0 landmark · 1 notable
Tariff of Abominations
Ch. 111, Sess. 1, 20th Cong. · May 24, 1828

Judicial3 files+189−1

judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
−1Federal Judicial Center ↗
Bench by appointing party: 5 JR · 2 F → 4 JR · 2 F · every justice ↗
Thomas Todd JR
appointed by Thomas Jefferson · 1807
6 justices served on both dates
Bushrod Washington F
appointed by John Adams · 1798
John Marshall F
appointed by John Adams · 1801
William Johnson, Jr. JR
appointed by Thomas Jefferson · 1804
Gabriel Duvall JR
appointed by James Madison · 1811
Joseph Story JR
appointed by James Madison · 1811
Smith Thompson JR
appointed by James Monroe · 1823
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
+13Federal Judicial Center ↗
Courts of appeals (active judges): →
District courts (active judges): 21 JR · 7 N( · 2 F → 23 JR · 2 F · 2 N(
John Quincy Adams JR appointed 13 judges
1 Supreme Court · 12 district
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
+176Supreme Court Database ↗
176 argued decisions · 0 landmark
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.

Fiscal2 files±0

fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
OMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year undefined → fiscal year undefined · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
−$25MTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$84M
as of Jan 1, 1825
$58M
as of Jan 1, 1829

Constitution & Union1 file±0

constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
±0National Archives ↗
12 → 12 amendments in force · 24 → 24 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.

Reverts1 file±0

revert/undoneWhat was undone
nothingFederal Register · Congress.gov · SCDB ↗
No executive orders revoked, no rules struck down by Congress, and no precedents overruled in this window (executive-order records begin in 1994).

Log1 file±0

logEverything in between
3 events
John Quincy Adams takes office · 1825-03-04Robert Trimble — Associate Justice · 1826-05-09Tariff of Abominations · 1828-05-241826182718281829
  1. presidentJohn Quincy Adams takes office
  2. justiceRobert Trimble — Associate Justice
  3. lawTariff of Abominations