How did the United States change between Feb 10, 2025 and Oct 17, 2026?
Every branch of government, compared side by side.
22 files changed, 5,558 insertions(+), 68 deletions(−) · 20 months
Laws enacted
+12311 notable · lowest of 10 since 1974
Executive orders
+230signed · 2nd of 5 since 2001
Final rules
+4,402316 significant · 6th of 5 since 2001
Supreme Court
0 of 9seats changed hands
Agencies
+1 −2departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$4.17T$36.2T → $40.4T
Donald J. Trump was president on both dates. Congress enacted 123 public laws. 2 senators and 11 representatives took seats that they did not hold before.
Most unusual Notable laws: 6.5 a year, the 11th highest of 10 presidencies since 1974.
Executive7 files+5,255−12
executive/presidentThe presidency
Donald J. Trump R
47th president · in office on both dates
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidency
J.D. Vance R
in office on both dates
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials
+17−10Wikidata ↗
Todd Blanche R
confirmed 50–49 · Aug 8, 2026
Brooke Rollins
confirmed 72–28 · Feb 13, 2025
Howard Lutnick R
confirmed 51–45 · Feb 18, 2025
Secretary of Labor · 2 people took this office in between
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. I
confirmed 52–48 · Feb 13, 2025
Show 6 more cabinet offices
Linda McMahon R
confirmed 51–45 · Mar 3, 2025
Markwayne Mullin R
confirmed 54–45 · Mar 23, 2026
Director of National Intelligence · 2 people took this office in between
Jay Clayton I
confirmed 51–47 · Jul 28, 2026
Kelly Loeffler R
confirmed 52–46 · Feb 19, 2025
Other senior officials (5 changed)
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff · 2 people took this office in between
Brian Driscoll (acting)
Marco Rubio R (acting)
13 offices unchanged
Secretary of State: Marco Rubio R
Secretary of the Treasury: Scott Bessent
Secretary of Defense: Pete Hegseth R
Secretary of the Interior: Doug Burgum R
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development: Scott Turner R
Secretary of Transportation: Sean Duffy R
Secretary of Energy: Chris Wright
Secretary of Veterans Affairs: Doug Collins R
White House Chief of Staff: Susie Wiles R
Director of the Office of Management and Budget: Russell Vought R
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency: Lee Zeldin R
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency: John Ratcliffe R
Solicitor General: D. John Sauer
executive/ordersExecutive orders
230 executive orders signed · Donald Trump 230
1,001 → 1,214 orders (issued since 1994) in force · 17 revoked in this window
EO 14257 Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits
signed Apr 2, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14323 Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Brazil
signed Jul 30, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14326 Further Modifying the Reciprocal Tariff Rates
signed Jul 31, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14346 Modifying the Scope of Reciprocal Tariffs and Establishing Procedures for Implementing Trade and Security Agreements
signed Sep 5, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14360 Modifying the Scope of the Reciprocal Tariffs With Respect to Certain Agricultural Products
signed Nov 14, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14361 Modifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil
signed Nov 20, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14368 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
signed Dec 18, 2025 by Donald Trump
EO 14410 Implementing Schedule Policy/Career in the Excepted Service
signed Jun 3, 2026 by Donald Trump
Show 6 more
EO 14207 Eliminating the Federal Executive Institute
Feb 10, 2025 · Donald Trump
EO 14208 Ending Procurement and Forced Use of Paper Straws
Feb 10, 2025 · Donald Trump
EO 14209 Pausing Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Enforcement To Further American Economic and National Security
Feb 10, 2025 · Donald Trump
EO 14210 Implementing the President's "Department of Government Efficiency" Workforce Optimization Initiative
Feb 11, 2025 · Donald Trump
EO 14211 One Voice for America's Foreign Relations
Feb 12, 2025 · Donald Trump
EO 14212 Establishing the President's Make America Healthy Again Commission
Feb 13, 2025 · Donald Trump
executive/nominationsSenate confirmations
+605Congress.gov ↗
824 civilian nominations received · 605 confirmed · 70 withdrawn · 91 returned to the President
Tulsi Gabbard, of Hawaii, to be Director of National Intelligence.
confirmed Feb 12, 2025 · 52–48
Brooke Rollins, of Texas, to be Secretary of Agriculture.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 72–28
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., of California, to be Secretary of Health and Human Services.
confirmed Feb 13, 2025 · 52–48
Howard Lutnick, of New York, to be Secretary of Commerce.
confirmed Feb 18, 2025 · 51–45
Kelly Loeffler, of Georgia, to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration.
confirmed Feb 19, 2025 · 52–46
Linda McMahon, of Connecticut, to be Secretary of Education.
confirmed Mar 3, 2025 · 51–45
Lori Chavez-DeRemer, of Oregon, to be Secretary of Labor.
confirmed Mar 10, 2025 · 67–32
Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma, to be Secretary of Homeland Security, vice Kristi Noem.
confirmed Mar 23, 2026 · 54–45
Show 3 more top confirmations
Walter Clayton, of New York, to be Director of National Intelligence, vice Tulsi Gabbard.
confirmed Jul 28, 2026 · 51–47
Todd Blanche, of Florida, to be Attorney General, vice Pamela Bondi.
confirmed Aug 8, 2026 · 50–49
Keith Sonderling, of Florida, to be Secretary of Labor, vice Lori Chavez-DeRemer, resigned.
confirmed Sep 30, 2026 · 47–41
Civilian nominations only (military promotions excluded). Top confirmations are cabinet-level posts, Supreme Court justices, and the Fed chair.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies
+1−2Wikidata ↗
426 → 425 tracked organizations · 16 → 16 executive departments
U.S. Wildland Fire Service
established Jan 1, 2026 · United States government agency
Office of Educational Technology
abolished Mar 20, 2025 · office within United States Department of Education
NOAA Environmental Modeling Center
abolished Jan 1, 2026 · United States weather agency · replaced by NOAA Office of Modeling and Development
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations
+4,402Federal Register API ↗
4,402 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Feb 10, 2025
316 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
2,707 proposed rules · 33,233 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.
Military2 files±0
military/conflictsArmed conflicts
U.S. in 7 armed conflicts → 7
7 conflicts active on both dates
Iraq: insurgency and war against IS
since Aug 8, 2014 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: al-Shabaab
since 2015 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Al-Shabaab
Iran–Israel conflict
since 2020 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against Israel
Red Sea: the Houthis (Yemen)
since Feb 3, 2024 · U.S. a principal party · against Ansarallah (the Houthis)
Syria: Islamic State
since 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Nigeria: Islamic State
since 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
Somalia: Islamic State
since Feb 1, 2025 · U.S. troops fighting alongside the government · against IS
An armed conflict here means at least 25 battle deaths in a year, with U.S. forces as a party or fighting for a government (UCDP's definition). Air strikes, raids, and advisory missions below that threshold aren't included. UN peacekeeping missions are excluded. UCDP data runs through 2025, so "active" on later dates means active at the end of 2025.
military/troopsU.S. troops abroad
+5,557 troops abroadDMDC via troopdata (Allen, Flynn & Martinez Machain) ↗
158,216 → 163,773 active-duty troops stationed abroad · 1,287,184 → 1,335,749 total active duty
10 → 10 countries with 1,000 or more U.S. troops
as of Dec 31, 2024 → as of Mar 31, 2026
Japan 52,603 → 54,891
+2,288
Germany 34,949 → 37,009
+2,060
Largest U.S. deployments as of Mar 31, 2026
Japan 54,891
Germany 37,009
South Korea 23,372
Italy 12,783
United Kingdom 10,158
Guam 7,137
Spain 3,835
Bahrain 3,151
Active-duty personnel assigned to each country in the Defense Department's location reports, which leave out most combat deployments, forces afloat, and short rotations: Iraq, Syria, and Afghanistan during their wars are press or Pentagon estimates, and Iraq and Syria read zero after 2023 although a few thousand troops remained. Each date shows the latest report on or before it.
Legislative4 files+136−13
legislative/controlControl of Congress
119
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
119th Congress → 119th Congress · 0 new Congresses elected
0 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority on both dates
218 R · 215 D → 219 R · 214 D
Senate: Republican majority on both dates
53 R · 47 D → 53 R · 47 D
legislative/senateSenate
2 new members · 2 departed · 98 served on both dates · women 26 → 27 · median age 66 → 66
Who joined and who left (2 in · 2 out)
Alan Armstrong R
Oklahoma
Darline Graham R
South Carolina
Markwayne Mullin R
Oklahoma
Lindsey Graham R
South Carolina
legislative/houseHouse
+11−11congress-legislators ↗
11 new members · 11 departed · 422 served on both dates · women 125 → 125 · median age 58 → 59
2 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Florida 8 D · 18 R
Florida 7 D · 20 R
Texas 13 D · 25 R
Texas 13 D · 24 R
Who joined and who left (11 in · 11 out)
Adelita S. Grijalva D
Arizona-7
James Gallagher R
California-1
Aisha Wahab D
California-14
Jimmy Patronis R
Florida-1
Randy Fine R
Florida-6
Clay Fuller R
Georgia-14
Everton Blair Jr. D
Georgia-13
Analilia Mejia D
New Jersey-11
Matt Van Epps R
Tennessee-7
Christian D. Menefee D
Texas-18
James R. Walkinshaw D
Virginia-11
Raúl M. Grijalva D
Arizona-7
Doug LaMalfa R
California-1
Eric Swalwell D
California-14
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D
Florida-20
Marjorie Taylor Greene R
Georgia-14
David Scott D
Georgia-13
Mikie Sherrill D
New Jersey-11
Mark E. Green R
Tennessee-7
Sylvester Turner D
Texas-18
Tony Gonzales R
Texas-23
Gerald E. Connolly D
Virginia-11
legislative/lawsLaws enacted
+123Congress.gov ↗
123 public laws enacted · 1 landmark · 10 notable · 108 routine · 4 ceremonial
Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025
Pub. L. 119-4 · Mar 15, 2025
Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act)
Pub. L. 119-27 · Jul 18, 2025
Rescissions Act of 2025
Pub. L. 119-28 · Jul 24, 2025
Epstein Files Transparency Act
Pub. L. 119-38 · Nov 19, 2025
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026
Pub. L. 119-60 · Dec 18, 2025
Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2025
Pub. L. 119-69 · Jan 14, 2026
Lulu's Law
Pub. L. 119-100 · Jun 26, 2026
21st Century ROAD to Housing Act
Pub. L. 119-101 · Jul 11, 2026
Show 1 more notable laws
Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026
Pub. L. 119-111 · Sep 18, 2026
Judicial3 files+167
judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme Court
Bench by appointing party: 6 R · 3 D → 6 R · 3 D · every justice ↗
9 justices served on both dates
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991 · confirmed 52–48
John Glover Roberts, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2005 · confirmed 78–22
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2006 · confirmed 58–42
Sonia Sotomayor D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2009 · confirmed 68–31
Elena Kagan D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2010 · confirmed 63–37
Neil M. Gorsuch R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2017 · confirmed 54–45
Brett M. Kavanaugh R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2018 · confirmed 50–48
Amy Coney Barrett R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2020 · confirmed 52–48
Ketanji Brown Jackson D
appointed by Joseph R. Biden · 2022 · confirmed 53–47
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courts
Courts of appeals (active judges): 88 R · 88 D → 92 R · 87 D
District courts (active judges): 383 D · 255 R → 373 D · 279 R
Donald J. Trump R appointed 56 judges
10 appeals · 45 district · 1 other
1 circuit flipped majority
Third Circuit 6 D · 6 R (tie majority)
Third Circuit 6 D · 8 R (R majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions
111 argued decisions · 7 landmark
United States v. Skrmetti
No. 23-477 · Jun 18, 2025 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Affirmed
Trump v. Casa, Inc.
No. 24A884 · Jun 27, 2025 · Decided 6–3 · Judicial Power
Learning Resources v. Trump
607 U.S. 229 · Feb 20, 2026 · Decided 6–3 · Miscellaneous · Vacated
Louisiana v. Callais
No. 24-109 · Apr 29, 2026 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Affirmed · Struck down state law
Cisco Systems v. Doe
No. 24-856 · Jun 23, 2026 · Decided 6–3 · Judicial Power · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Trump v. Slaughter
No. 25-332 · Jun 29, 2026 · Decided 6–3 · Miscellaneous · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Declared federal law unconstitutional
National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission
No. 24-621 · Jun 30, 2026 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.
Fiscal3 files±0
fiscal/budgetThe federal budget
+1.9% real spendingMonthly Treasury Statement ↗
Actual spending and revenue in the 12 months before each date · Jan 2025 → Sep 2026
Spending $7.05T
12 months ending Jan 2025
Spending $7.40T
12 months ending Sep 2026 · +4.8% nominal · +1.9% after inflation
Revenue $4.93T
12 months ending Jan 2025
Revenue $5.40T
12 months ending Sep 2026 · +9.6% nominal · +6.5% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$2.12T
12 months ending Jan 2025
Surplus / deficit −$1.99T
12 months ending Sep 2026 · +$132B
Annual budget tables only have final figures through fiscal year 2025, which can't show change over a short or recent span. This compares the latest 12 months of actual Treasury figures before each date instead. Spending in any 12 months mostly reflects budgets passed earlier.
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding
+$4.17TTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$36.2T
as of Feb 7, 2025
$40.4T
as of Oct 15, 2026
fiscal/economyPrices and jobs
+6.1% pricesBureau of Labor Statistics ↗
Prices rose 6.1% · a dollar in Jan 2025 bought what $1.06 buys in Sep 2026
Consumer prices 317.7
CPI-U, Jan 2025
Consumer prices 336.9
CPI-U, Sep 2026 · +6.1%
Unemployment 4%
Jan 2025
Unemployment 4.2%
Sep 2026 · +0.2 points
Latest monthly reading on or before each date. Prices are the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (from 1913); unemployment is the seasonally adjusted rate (from 1948).
Constitution & Union1 file±0
constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood
27 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.
Reverts1 file−43
revert/undoneWhat was undone
17 executive orders revoked or superseded · 23 rules struck down by Congress · 3 Supreme Court precedents overruled
Trump revoked 17 orders: 10 by Biden, 3 by themselves, 2 by Clinton, 1 by Bush, 1 by Obama
Show 7 more revoked orders
23 agency rules nullified under the Congressional Review Act
Show 17 more
3 decisions that overruled precedent
Cisco Systems v. Doe
Jun 23, 2026 · 6-3 · Judicial Power
Trump v. Slaughter
Jun 29, 2026 · 6-3 · Miscellaneous
National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission
Jun 30, 2026 · 6-3 · First Amendment
Revocations are full revocations or supersessions recorded in the Federal Register (partial amendments aren't counted). Congressional Review Act disapprovals are identified by title. Laws repealed outright aren't tracked yet. Agencies abolished are in the Executive section.
Log1 file±0
logEverything in between
26 events
- lawFull-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025
- orderRegulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits
- lawTools to Address Known Exploitation by Immobilizing Technological Deepfakes on Websites and Networks Act (TAKE IT DOWN Act)
- rulingUnited States v. Skrmetti
- rulingTrump v. Casa, Inc.
- lawOne Big Beautiful Bill Act
- lawGuiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act)
- lawRescissions Act of 2025
- orderAddressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Brazil
- orderFurther Modifying the Reciprocal Tariff Rates
- orderModifying the Scope of Reciprocal Tariffs and Establishing Procedures for Implementing Trade and Security Agreements
- orderModifying the Scope of the Reciprocal Tariffs With Respect to Certain Agricultural Products
- lawEpstein Files Transparency Act
- orderModifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026
- lawWhole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2025
- rulingLearning Resources v. Trump
- rulingLouisiana v. Callais
- orderImplementing Schedule Policy/Career in the Excepted Service
- rulingCisco Systems v. Doe
- lawLulu's Law
- rulingTrump v. Slaughter
- rulingNational Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission
- law21st Century ROAD to Housing Act
- lawLindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026