← a year earlier · day before · day after · a year later →

The United States on July 1, 1881

Who held every office, how Congress and the Court were made up, and what happened within a week. Diff this day against today →

President
Garfield
James Abram Garfield R · since Mar 4, 1881
Senate
28 D · 21 R
50 senators · 47th Congress
House
1 R
1 representatives
Supreme Court
8 R · 1 D
9 justices by appointing party
Union
38 states
15 amendments in force
Public debt
$2.1B
as of Jul 1, 1881
1881-07-01/executiveThe administration
President James Abram Garfield R
since Mar 4, 1881
Vice President Chester Alan Arthur R
Attorney General Wayne MacVeagh D
since Mar 5, 1881
Postmaster General Thomas Lemuel James R
since Mar 5, 1881
Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln R
since Mar 5, 1881
Secretary of State James G. Blaine R
since Mar 7, 1881
Secretary of the Treasury William Windom R
since Mar 8, 1881
Secretary of the Interior Samuel J. Kirkwood R
since Mar 8, 1881
1881-07-01/congress47th Congress
Senate · 28 D · 21 R · 1 I
John Tyler Morgan (Democrat, AL)James Lawrence Pugh (Democrat, AL)Augustus Hill Garland (Democrat, AR)James David Walker (Democrat, AR)James Thompson Farley (Democrat, CA)Eli Saulsbury (Democrat, DE)Wilkinson Call (Democrat, FL)Benjamin Harvey Hill (Democrat, GA)Joseph Emerson Brown (Democrat, GA)Daniel Wolsey Voorhees (Democrat, IN)James Burnie Beck (Democrat, KY)John Stuart Williams (Democrat, KY)Benjamin Franklin Jonas (Democrat, LA)James Black Groome (Democrat, MD)George Graham Vest (Democrat, MO)Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (Democrat, MS)Matt Whitaker Ransom (Democrat, NC)Zebulon Baird Vance (Democrat, NC)John Rhoderic McPherson (Democrat, NJ)George Hunt Pendleton (Democrat, OH)La Fayette Grover (Democrat, OR)James Harvey Slater (Democrat, OR)Matthew Calbraith Butler (Democrat, SC)Wade Hampton (Democrat, SC)Isham Green Harris (Democrat, TN)Richard Coke (Democrat, TX)John Warfield Johnston (Democrat, VA)Henry Gassaway Davis (Democrat, WV)David Davis (Independent, IL)John Franklin Miller (Republican, CA)Henry Moore Teller (Republican, CO)Nathaniel Peter Hill (Republican, CO)Orville Hitchcock Platt (Republican, CT)Samuel Jordan Kirkwood (Republican, IA)William Boyd Allison (Republican, IA)John Alexander Logan (Republican, IL)Preston B. Plumb (Republican, KS)John James Ingalls (Republican, KS)William Pitt Kellogg (Republican, LA)George Frisbie Hoar (Republican, MA)Thomas White Ferry (Republican, MI)Alvin Saunders (Republican, NE)Edward Henry Rollins (Republican, NH)Henry William Blair (Republican, NH)John Percival Jones (Republican, NV)Roscoe Conkling (Republican, NY)James Donald Cameron (Republican, PA)Henry Bowen Anthony (Republican, RI)Justin Smith Morrill (Republican, VT)Matthew Hale Carpenter (Republican, WI)
House · 1 R
Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich (Republican, RI-1)
1881-07-01/supreme-courtThe bench
Nathan Clifford D
Associate Justice · appointed by James Buchanan · since Jan 12, 1858
Samuel Freeman Miller R
Associate Justice · appointed by Abraham Lincoln · since Jul 16, 1862
Stephen Johnson Field R
Associate Justice · appointed by Abraham Lincoln · since Mar 10, 1863
Joseph P. Bradley R
Associate Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Mar 21, 1870
Ward Hunt R
Associate Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Dec 11, 1872
Morrison Remick Waite R
Chief Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Jan 21, 1874
John Marshall Harlan R
Associate Justice · appointed by Rutherford B. Hayes · since Nov 29, 1877
William Burnham Woods R
Associate Justice · appointed by Rutherford B. Hayes · since Dec 21, 1880
Stanley Matthews R
Associate Justice · appointed by James A. Garfield · since May 12, 1881
1881-07-01/weekWithin a week · Jun 24, 1881 – Jul 8, 1881
Nothing recorded within a week of this date.

Each office is shown as it stood at the end of the day. Cabinet records come from Wikidata and have gaps for some historical offices.