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The United States on April 23, 1877

Who held every office, how Congress and the Court were made up, and what happened within a week. Diff this day against today →

President
Hayes
Rutherford Birchard Hayes R · since Mar 4, 1877
Senate
31 R · 21 D
52 senators · 45th Congress
House
—
0 representatives
Supreme Court
7 R · 1 D
8 justices by appointing party
Union
38 states
15 amendments in force
Public debt
$2.2B
as of Jul 1, 1876
1877-04-23/executiveThe administration
President Rutherford Birchard Hayes R
since Mar 4, 1877
Vice President William Almon Wheeler R
Secretary of the Treasury John Sherman R
since Mar 10, 1877
Secretary of War George W. McCrary R
since Mar 12, 1877
Attorney General Charles Devens W
since Mar 12, 1877
Secretary of State William M. Evarts W
since Mar 12, 1877
Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz LRP
since Mar 12, 1877
Secretary of the Navy Richard W. Thompson W
since Mar 13, 1877
1877-04-23/congress45th Congress
Senate · 31 R · 21 D
William Wallace Eaton (Democrat, CT)William Henry Barnum (Democrat, CT)Thomas Francis Bayard Sr. (Democrat, DE)Charles William Jones (Democrat, FL)John Brown Gordon (Democrat, GA)Joseph Ewing McDonald (Democrat, IN)Thomas Clay McCreery (Democrat, KY)James Biddle Eustis (Democrat, LA)George Robertson Dennis (Democrat, MD)William Pinkney Whyte (Democrat, MD)Lewis Vital Bogy (Democrat, MO)Francis Marion Cockrell (Democrat, MO)Augustus Summerfield Merrimon (Democrat, NC)Theodore Fitz Randolph (Democrat, NJ)Francis Kernan (Democrat, NY)Allen Granberry Thurman (Democrat, OH)William Andrew Wallace (Democrat, PA)David McKendree Key (Democrat, TN)Samuel Bell Maxey (Democrat, TX)Robert Enoch Withers (Democrat, VA)Samuel Price (Democrat, WV)George Eliphaz Spencer (Republican, AL)Stephen Wallace Dorsey (Republican, AR)Aaron Augustus Sargent (Republican, CA)Newton Booth (Republican, CA)Jerome Bunty Chaffee (Republican, CO)Simon Barclay Conover (Republican, FL)William Boyd Allison (Republican, IA)Richard James Oglesby (Republican, IL)Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton (Republican, IN)John James Ingalls (Republican, KS)Henry Laurens Dawes (Republican, MA)Hannibal Hamlin (Republican, ME)James Gillespie Blaine (Republican, ME)Isaac Peckham Christiancy (Republican, MI)Samuel James Renwick McMillan (Republican, MN)William Windom (Republican, MN)Blanche Kelso Bruce (Republican, MS)Algernon Sidney Paddock (Republican, NE)Bainbridge Wadleigh (Republican, NH)John Percival Jones (Republican, NV)William Sharon (Republican, NV)Roscoe Conkling (Republican, NY)John Sherman (Republican, OH)John Hipple Mitchell (Republican, OR)Simon Cameron (Republican, PA)Ambrose Everett Burnside (Republican, RI)John James Patterson (Republican, SC)Justin Smith Morrill (Republican, VT)George Franklin Edmunds (Republican, VT)Timothy Otis Howe (Republican, WI)Angus Cameron (Republican, WI)
House ·
1877-04-23/supreme-courtThe bench
Nathan Clifford D
Associate Justice · appointed by James Buchanan · since Jan 12, 1858
Noah Haynes Swayne R
Associate Justice · appointed by Abraham Lincoln · since Jan 24, 1862
Samuel Freeman Miller R
Associate Justice · appointed by Abraham Lincoln · since Jul 16, 1862
Stephen Johnson Field R
Associate Justice · appointed by Abraham Lincoln · since Mar 10, 1863
William Strong R
Associate Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Feb 18, 1870
Joseph P. Bradley R
Associate Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Mar 21, 1870
Ward Hunt R
Associate Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Dec 11, 1872
Morrison Remick Waite R
Chief Justice · appointed by Ulysses Grant · since Jan 21, 1874
1877-04-23/weekWithin a week · Apr 16, 1877 – Apr 30, 1877
Ruling United States v. Fox
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 315
Ruling Hill v. Thompson
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 322
Ruling Ex parte Flippin
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 348
Ruling Cromwell v. County of Sac
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 351
Ruling Davis v. Brown
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 423
Ruling Muller v. Dows
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 444
Ruling Maclay v. Sands
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 586
Ruling Clapp v. Mason
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 589
Ruling Russell v. Place
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 606
Ruling Lowe v. Williams
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 650
Ruling Crim v. Handley
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 652
Ruling County of Scotland v. Thomas
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 682
Ruling Tate v. Norton
Apr 16, 1877 · 94 U.S. 746
Ruling Foree v. McVeigh
Apr 16, 1877 · 131 U.S. cxlii
Ruling Barney v. Keokuk
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 324
Ruling First National Bank of Washington v. Whitman
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 343
Ruling Gould v. Day
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 405
Ruling Merrill v. Yeomans
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 568
Ruling Glenny v. Langdon
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 604
Ruling Goddard v. Ordway
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 672
Ruling Cawood Patent.; Illinois Central Railroad Company v. Turrill
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 695
Ruling Memphis v. Brown
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 715
Ruling Blake v. Robertson
Apr 23, 1877 · 94 U.S. 728
Ruling McCready v. Virginia
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 391
Ruling Selden v. Equitable Trust Company
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 419
Ruling Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company v. Schaefer
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 457
Ruling Howell v. Western Railroad Company
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 463
Ruling Milwaukee and Saint Paul Railway Company v. Kellogg
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 469
Ruling Supervisors v. Kennicott
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 498
Ruling Allore v. Jewell
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 506
Ruling Hyde v. Woods
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 523
Ruling The Stephen Morgan
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 599
Ruling New Jersey Mutual Life Insurance Company v. Baker
Apr 30, 1877 · 94 U.S. 610
Ruling Van Norden v. Benner
Apr 30, 1877 · 131 U.S. cxlvi
Ruling McCready v. Virginia
Apr 30, 1877 · 154 U.S. 628

Each office is shown as it stood at the end of the day. Cabinet records come from Wikidata and have gaps for some historical offices.